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Seminar
On
Power Steering

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 Power Steering

Introduction.
History.
General
Circuit .
Component In Power Steering.
Types of HMPS.
Future of Power Steering.
Advantages and Disadvantages.
Conclusion.
 Introduction
Steering is the term applied to the collection of
components, linkages, etc. which allow for a car or
other vehicle to follow a course determined by its
driver.
History of Hydro-mechanical Power Steering
(HMPS)

Hydro-mechanical power steering was the

first type to be used on agricultural tractors in
the early 1950’s.
Suitable for small to medium tractors where
power steering can be an option to manual
steering.
Once the size of the tractor becomes too big
for manual steering, hydro-mechanical
steering is usually not cost effective.
 General Circuit

Oil Re s e rvoir
Must be large enough to hold more than all of the oil for
the system.
Should be capable of dissipating heat in oil.

H y d r a u l i c L i n es
Flexible hoses due to the steering components
movements.
 General Circuit
Filters
Oil Filter
Preferably installed in
the return line.

A 10-micron or smaller
filter is recommended.

Air Breather Filter

The “breather” or vent
in the reservoir.
A 3-micron filter is
recommended.
 Components in Power Steering


Pump


Steering gears


Rotary valve


Linkages
Components in Power Steering

Power Steering Pump

Usually a vane-type pump or similar.
Driven by the engine.
Power Cylinder
Double-acting differential cylinder.
Steering response to left and right turns is slightly
different. Hardly noticeable.
 HMPS Type 1
The integral valve and actuator coupled to steering linkage.

Easiest to adapt
to an existing
mechanical
steering layout.

Only two hoses

are neede
 HMPS Type
2
Creates a highly
Steering column mounted control valve with

congested area withremote actuator coupled to a linkage

separate,
all of the hoses.
member.
Four Hoses are
needed: supply,
return and a pair to
the actuator.
Creates noise, heat
and vibration
 HMPS Type 3
Control Valve and actuator separately mounted in the steering linkage.

Keeps the area

around the
steering wheel
from becoming
too
congested.

Four hoses are

required.
 HMPS Type
4
The control valve and the actuator are mounted on

Most sophisticated
the steering column, the actuator drives the
design
pitman arm by rack and pinion or by crank arm
Requires little or no
steering linkage
means.
modification.
Requires larger space
envelope than other
types.
Vane Type of Pump
ROTARY VALVE
Split Gears

 It converts the rotational

motion of the steering
wheel into the linear
motion needed to turn
the wheels.

 It provides a gear
reduction, making it
easier to turn the wheels.
 Steering Gear Box

Steering gears are

enclosed in a casing
known as steering
gear box ( as shown
in Fig.)
Recirculating-ball Steering

The first part is a block of
metal with a threaded
hole in it.

Works similar to a bolt
that sticks into the hole in
`
the block.

These are used in havy
duty comurcial
vehicles.
Power Rack-and-pinion
 The Future of Steering - Drive by
Wire
 As the majority of today’s hydraulic power
steering systems are designed to have the
steering pump running constantly, pumping fluid
around the system, it wastes valuable horsepower,
which translates into wasted efficiency and
therefore fuel.
 One concept is the "steer-by-wire" or "drive-by-wire"
system. These system would completely eliminate the
mechanical connection between the steering wheel and
the steering, replacing it with a purely electronic control
system.
 Advantages


Preventing the wheels from transferring the load
to the steering column

Reducing the driver’s fatigue

Low input torque and continuous steering
function

Oil output directly proportional to the steering
speed
 Disadvantages


Design is compications and increased in cost.

Fluid leakage.
 Conclusion

By studing all these we can conclude that the

power stering is nesessory for the modern cars.
Now a days we can see almost all cars having
a power steering.
It provides good handling to the driver, gives
better comfert, and make him less fatigue.
 Reference

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www.wikipedia.com
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