JUVENILE DELINQUENCY

Presented to Dr. Maimul Ahsan Khan

Professor of Law & Adviser

Presented by Sadiya Sultana Silvee

Program: LL.B Honors
Batch: 1103
Contents
Juvenile Delinquency
History
Types
Characteristics
Theories
Juvenile Delinquent activity
Crimes and offensive behavior
Statistics
In Bangladesh
Measures in Other Countries
Prevention
 JUVENILE DELINQUENCY

• Crime- is an act harmful not only to an individual, but also to

the community or the state. Such acts are forbidden and
punishable by law.

• Juvenile Delinquent- a person who is under the age of 18

commits an act that otherwise would have been charged as a
crime if they were an adult.

• Juvenile Delinquency- also known as youth crime, is

participation in illegal behaviour by minors (<18)
WHY TREAT JUVENILES DIFFERENTLY

• juveniles are young and may easily change

• more susceptible to treatment
• juveniles have a high rate of ‘desistance’
• most never get in trouble again
• juveniles’ families important to their lives
• state acts in partnership w/ family to treat child
• juveniles are easily influenced by peers
• juvenile crime is a group phenomenon
• removed from the group, child will behave
• juveniles have little responsibility for others
• easier to get them to isolate & modify behavior
 HISTORY

• Delinquency problems began to receive public attention

particularly since the establishment of justice for juvenile
delinquents (juvenile court) in 1899 in Illinois , USA.
Types Individual
Hirsh Eaton &delinquen
Polk Psychologists
cy
Incorrigibilit Minor Mentally
y violations defective

Major
Truancy Psychotic
violations

Group-
Property
Larceny Juvenile
violations
Neurotic supported
Organised
DELINQUENCY delinquen
delinquency
cy:
Destruction
Addiction Situational
Of Property

Violence Bodily harm Cultural

Sex
Offences Situational
 CHARACTERISTICS

1. The delinquency rates are many time higher for boys

than girls.
2. The delinquency rates are tend to be highest during early
adolescences (12-16 age group).
3. Juvenile delinquency is more an urban than rural
phenomenon.
4. Low education background is the prime attribute of
delinquency.
5. Poor Economics background is also leads to delinquency.
 CAUSAL FACTORS

Poverty

Many youth are

forced into delinquent
activities because of a
social disadvantage.
 CAUSAL FACTORS CONT….

The Delinquent Gene

Genes may play a part

in determining whether
we turn to crime,
research shows.
 CAUSAL FACTORS CONT….

Family conflict and criminality

 CAUSAL FACTORS CONT….

Low intelligence and academic failure

 CAUSAL FACTORS CONT….

Hyperactivity & Impulsivity

noxious behaviors that

are in most cases
biological.
 CAUSAL FACTORS CONT….

Social Learning

Do as you see is the underlying principle.

Societal trends tends to influence youth
activity
 THEORIES

• STRAIN THEORY
• DIFFERENTIAL THEORY
• LABELLING THEORY
• MALE PHENOMENON
 STRAIN THEORY

 Strain theory holds that crime is caused by the difficulty faced

in achieving socially valued goals by legitimate means by
those in poverty
 DIFFERENTIAL THEORY

• It suggests young people are

motivated to commit crimes by

delinquent peers and learn

criminal skills from them

 LABELLING THEORY

The idea is that once labeled as

deviant a young person may accept
that role and be more likely to
associate with others who have
been similarly labelled
 MALE PHENOMENON

• Youth crime is

disproportionately committed

by young men.
 JUVENILE DELINQUENT ACTIVITY

Substance abuse
Behavior that contribute
to health risks
JUVENILE DELINQUENT ACTIVITY
CONT…

Gang Involvement

Gangs often engage in

illegal monetary
activities and are
committed to criminal
orientations.
 JUVENILE DELINQUENT ACTIVITY
CONT…

Public and Private Vandalism

These are malicious and
deliberate defacement or
destruction of both public
and private property. It
often territorial and
designed to show
ownership.
CRIMES AND OFFENSIVE BEHAVIOR
MAY BE ARRESTED FOR:

Violent Crimes:
• Aggravated assault;
• Homicide;
• Rape;
• Robbery;
PROPERTY CRIMES:

• Arson
• Car thefts
• Burglaries
• Larceny
STATISTICS
• In Highest
incidence  15
yrs & above
• Among boys 
4-5 times more
than girls.
JUVENILE DELINQUENTS STATISTICS
JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN INDIA

In the year 2012

 JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN
BANGLADESH

There are three correctional centres in Bangladesh for

rectification and rehabilitation of juveniles. Two (one is
in Tongi, and other in Jessore) for male child, and one
(it is in Kunapara) for female child. Two categories of
children are kept there first category constitutes of
uncontrollable children and referred by parents and
second category comes to the correction centre’s after
committing offences and referred by courts.
 EVOLUTION OF JUVENILE JUSTICE
IN AMERICA, 1600S - 2000
Juvenile Rights Crime
1960 - 1980
•In re Gault, 1967
Control
1980 - 2007
•JJ & Del. Prev. Act, 1974 •victim emphasis
deinstitutionalize status •punishment of
offenders serious offenders
•legalization of juv. law •waive serious cases

Juvenile Court
1899 - 1960 Refuge Period Puritan Period
•Ill. Juv. Crt, 1899 1824 - 1899 1646 - 1824
•separate legal system for •NY House of Refuge, •Mass. Stubborn
juv’s
•child as “legally 1825 for delinquent & Child Law, 1646
irresponsible” dependent children •child as “evil”
• child as “helpless”
Preventions
• In order to prevent the juvenile delinquency following
measures may be suggested.
• Creating a team at government as well as private level for the
prevention.
• Giving proper training to the members and staff of all
organizations concerned with delinquency control.
• Establishing child guidance clinics or give appropriate
treatment to the distributed and maladjusted children.
• Educate to the families to realize the importance of giving
proper attention to the needs of their young children.
• Improving the social environment, slum areas, busy markets
places etc.
 PSYCHOTHERAPIES

• The Reality Therapy approach to counselling and problem-solving focuses

on the here-and-now of the client and how to create a better future, instead
of concentrating at length on the past. It emphasizes making decisions, and
taking action and control of one's own life. Typically, clients seek to
discover what they really want and whether what they are currently doing
(how they are choosing to behave) is actually bringing them nearer to, or
further away from, that goal.

• Milieu Therapy is the psychiatric treatment of mental disorders by making

changes to a patient's immediate environment. It involves the patient joining
a group and using the combined elements of positive peer pressure, trust,
safety and repetition, it provides an idealized setting for group members to
work through their psychological issues.
• Behaviour therapy is focused on helping an individual understand how changing
their behaviour can lead to changes in how they are feeling. The goal of
behaviour therapy is usually focused on increasing the person’s engagement in
positive or socially reinforcing activities.

• Activity therapy is a healing technique that is often employed with people

overcoming physical addictions or emotional issues. The main focus of the
therapy is to engage the individual in creative endeavours that help to alter the
thought processes of the patient in a positive manner. Activity therapy may take
place between a therapist and a single patient or be utilized in a group
environment.
THANKYO
U