GESTALT,

TRANSACTIONAL AND
NUERO-LINGUISTIC
PRORAMMING
(COUNSELLING APPROACHES)
 GESTALT COUNSELING

•Proponent: Fritz Peris

•Aim: to help the client develop self- integration
•Awareness is a key word in Gestalt Counseling
•Focus: the “How” and “What”
•Problem arises because of lack of awareness of self and environment
• the healthy person is not one without needs
but one who is aware that he/she has needs
and does something to have these needs met
• attempts to increase response- ability, couple
with a person’s assumption of responsibility
for himself/herself
• Employs techniques such as the “Empty Chair”, “Fantasy
Journey”, “Making the Rounds”, “Top Dog-Underdog”, “I
take Responsibility For”, “I have a Secret”
 TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS

• Eric Berne
• human beings have three ego states- the parent, adult and child
• parent is seen in the “shoulds” and “oughts” 
• the child is seen in the let’s have fun, “let’s do it”; and 
• the adult is seen in “let’s wait and see”
• The counselor engages in direct teaching on the concepts and
actively points out where the problem can come from
• he/she ensures commitment to change and preparation for
making important decisions
• Sending and receiving ego state
 NEUROLINGUISTIC PROGRAMMING

• Richard Bandler and John Grinder

• The study of human excellence and demonstrates how to
communicate effectively and influence others
• Words and actions are studied to form sequences of
behavior
• Neuro-all experiences are product of the way we use and
organize our senses, and this where our behaviors stemmed
from
• Lingustic- we use to organize thoughts to communicate
with others
• Programming-habits of mind; everything we do while we
are consciously thinking about something else
• By changing thinking processes; changing the way brains
store information which in turns effects how we feel; to
communicate effectively; think positively; to be motivated