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  • Hydrological Cycle and Nitrogen Cycle

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    Khristine Mae Salering
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    The document summarizes two important biogeochemical cycles: The hydrologic cycle describes the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the Earth's surface, including processes like evaporation, precipitation, runoff, and subsurface flow. Water is circulated from the ocean to the atmosphere to land and back to the ocean in this cycle. The nitrogen cycle explains how nitrogen is converted between its gaseous and bioavailable forms. Atmospheric nitrogen must be "fixed" before organisms can use it, through processes like nitrogen fixation, assimilation, ammonification, and nitrification. Denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation return nitrogen to the atmosphere.

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    The document summarizes two important biogeochemical cycles: The hydrologic cycle describes the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the Earth's surface, including processes like evaporation, precipitation, runoff, and subsurface flow. Water is circulated from the ocean to the atmosphere to land and back to the ocean in this cycle. The nitrogen cycle explains how nitrogen is converted between its gaseous and bioavailable forms. Atmospheric nitrogen must be "fixed" before organisms can use it, through processes like nitrogen fixation, assimilation, ammonification, and nitrification. Denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation return nitrogen to the atmosphere.

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    9 views12 pages

    Hydrological Cycle and Nitrogen Cycle

    Uploaded by

    Khristine Mae Salering
    The document summarizes two important biogeochemical cycles: The hydrologic cycle describes the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the Earth's surface, including processes like evaporation, precipitation, runoff, and subsurface flow. Water is circulated from the ocean to the atmosphere to land and back to the ocean in this cycle. The nitrogen cycle explains how nitrogen is converted between its gaseous and bioavailable forms. Atmospheric nitrogen must be "fixed" before organisms can use it, through processes like nitrogen fixation, assimilation, ammonification, and nitrification. Denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation return nitrogen to the atmosphere.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 12

    The Hydrologic Cycle

    and
    The Nitrogen Cycle
    Presented by: Salering, Khristine Mae P.
    The Hydrologic Cycle
    In the hydrologic cycle, water continuously circulates from
    the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the
    ocean. It provides a renewable supply of purified water for
    terrestrial organisms. This cycle results in water
    distributed among the ocean, the land, and the atmosphere
    1. Deep water recycling

    2. The deep water cycle (also called the geological water cycle) is the exchange of water
    with the Earth's mantle, via subduction zones and volcanic activity, and is
    distinguished from the cycling of water above and on the surface of the planet in the
    Hydrologic Cycle.
    The Processes:
    Precipitation: Condensed water vapor that falls to the Earth's
    surface.

    Subduction & Mineral Hydration: Sea water seeps into the oceanic
    lithosphere through fractures and pores, and reacts with minerals in
    the crust and mantle to form hydrous minerals (such as serpentine)
    that store water in their crystal structures. Water is transported into
    the deep mantle via hydrous minerals in subducting slabs.
    Canopy Precipitation: The precipitation that is intercepted by plant
    foliage eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than
    falling to the ground.

    Snow Melt: The runoff produced by melting snow.

    Runoff: The variety of ways by which water moves across the land.

    Infiltration: The flow of water from the ground surface into the
    ground.

    Subsurface Flow: The flow of water underground. In the vadose


    zone and aquifers.
    Evaporation: The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases
    as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying
    atmosphere.

    Sublimation: The state change directly from solid water (snow or ice)
    to water vapor by passing the liquid state.

    Deposition: This refers to changing of water vapor directly to ice.

    Advection: The movement of water through the atmosphere

    Condensation: The transformation of water vapor to liquid water


    droplets in the air, creating clouds and fog.
    Transpiration: The release of water vapor from plants and soil into
    the air.

    Percolation: Water flows vertically through the soil and rocks under
    the influence of gravity.

    Plate Tectonics: Water enters the mantle via subduction of oceanic


    crust. Water returns to the surface via volcanism.
    Next is…
    The Nitrogen Cycle
    Nitrogen is critical for all organisms
    because it is an essential part of
    biological molecules such as proteins
    and nucleic acids (for example, DNA).
    At first glance, a shortage of nitrogen
    for organisms appears impossible.
    The atmosphere is 78 percent
    nitrogen gas (N2). But atmospheric
    nitrogen is so stable that it does not
    readily combine with other elements.
    Atmospheric nitrogen must first be
    broken apart before the nitrogen
    atoms combine with other elements to
    form proteins and nucleic acids.
    Processes:

    • Nitrogen fixation
    • Assimilation
    • Ammonification
    • Nitrification
    • Denitrification
    • Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium
    • Anaerobic ammonia oxidation

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