PRIMARY SIX MATHEMATICS

SET WORK

IDENTYING THE UNIVERSAL SET

•  
NOTES
• A universal set is a set that contains all members of the mentioned
sets.
• The symbol for a universal set is and for number of elements in N
•  
Examples
1. List, and count members of the universal set.

2. Shade, list and count members of the universal set.

 EXERCISE

Shade, list and count elements of the universal set.

 IDENTIFYING COMPLEMENT SETS
(NOT PART OF)

NOTE.

A complement set contains members that are outside

the mentioned set but are part of the universal set.
The symbol for a complement set is ‘.
For example set A complement is A’
 EXERCISE
Shade, list and count members of the complement sets.
 SUB SETS
IDENTIFYING SUBSETS

NOTES
1. The smallest subset is the empty set and the largest
subset is the set itself. Every set is a subset of itself.
2. Subsets are the possible sets we can derive from the
original set.
 EXAMPLES
1.IF Q ={6,7}, give all possible subsets from Q as follows.
(i) Subsets with one member {6}, {7}
(ii) Subsets with two members {6,7}
(iii)Subset with no members { }
All subsets formed from Q are= {6}, {7}, {6,7}, { }.
2. If P = {a, b, c}, list all subsets of set P.
(i) The one member subsets are {a}, {b}, {c}
(ii) The two members subsets are {a, b}, {a, c}, {b, c}
(iii) The three- members subsets is {a, b, c}
(iv) The no- member subset is {}
The sub sets are {a}, {b}, {c}, {a, b}, {a, c}, {b, c}, {a, b, c}, { }
 EXERCISE
1.If A = {triangle, square, circle}, list all subsets of set A.
2.If B = {tomato, green pepper}, list all subsets of set B.
3.Given that C = {2, 3, 4, 5}, list all subsets of set C.
4.Given that D = {a, e, i, o}, list all subsets of set D.
5.If E = {cow, goat}, list all subsets of set E.
6.If F = {9}, list all subsets of set F.
7.If G = { }, list all subsets of set G.
MONDAY 25TH OCTOBER 2021

PRIMARY SIX MATHEMATICS

 NOTES
FINDING NUMBER OF SUBSETS

• To find the number of subsets in a given set, we use the formula 2n

where n is the number of elements in the given set.
 EXAMPLE 1
• If A= (a, b, c), how many subsets can be formed from set A?
number of elements (n) = 3 elements
number of subsets (2n) = 23
=2x2x2
= 8 subsets.
 EXAMPLE 2
• If K= {a, b, c, d, e}, find the number of subsets in set K
The number of members (n) = 5 members
The number of subsets (2n) = 25
= 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x2
= 32 subsets
 EXAMPLE 3

• If set M = { }, find the number of subsets for set M.

Number of members (n) = 0

Number of sub sets (2n) = 20

= 1 subset.
 EXERCISE
Find the number of subsets in each of the given sets below.
1. A = { }
2. B = {chair, table}
3. C = {tomato, carrot, mango}
4. D = {1, 2, 3, 4}
5. E = {a, e, i, o, u}
6. F = {pen, pencil, ruler, rubber, duster, chalk, key}
7.P = {2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 11, 15, 17, 19, Jesse, Lawrence, Abigail, Hannah}
 FINDING NUMBER OF MEMBERS
GIVEN NUMBER OF SUBSETS
NOTES
• To find the number of members in a set, change the members to
power form, then equate using 2n = number of sets when n is number
of members.
• SetEXAMPLE 1
M has 8 subsets. How many members does it have?
Change 8 to power form by ladder method.
• SetEXAMPLE 2
A has 16 subsets, find the number of elements in set A.
Change 16 to power form.
 EXERCISE
Work out:
1. Set X has 64 subsets, how many members does X have?
2. If set P has 256 subsets, show that it has 5 members.
3. Faith listed subsets of a certain set and got 128 subsets. How many members did that
set have?
4. Say true or false;
(i) An empty set is a subset of any set.
(ii) Doubling the number of members in a set gives the number of its subset.
(iii) The number of members in a set can be the same number of members in one of the
subsets.
 VENN DIAGRAMS
DESCRIBE DIFFERENT PARTS OF A VENN DIAGRAM

NOTES
The word only is used to exclude members of other sets.
 EXAMPLES
DESCRIBE THE SHADED REGION.

A A
A B B B
A B A
A B B
 EXERCISE
COPY AND DESCRIBE THE SHADED SET.
 4TH NOVENBER 2021
PRIMARY SIX MATHS

USING A VENN DIAGRAM TO REPRESENT INFORMATION

Counting the number of members in the sets given in the Venn
diagram and representing them in a new Venn diagram

EXAMPLES
 EXAMPLES

1. In a group of 10 girls, 5 got cakes (C), 6 got sweets (S), 2

did not get any of the two and some (x) got both. How many
got both?
2. In a class of 12 pupils, 4 like Mathematics (M) only, 2 like
both Mathematics and English (E), x like only English and 1
does not like the two subjects. Find the value of x.
 EXERCISE
Draw a Venn diagram and find the value of x

1. In a class of 30 pupils, 18 like music (M), 21 like art (A), x like

both.
2. In a group of 20 people, 13 speak English (E), 11 speak French (F),
3 do not speak any of the two languages but x speak both.
3. In a club of 20 pupils, x like only games (G), 5 like only music (M),
10 like both games and music but 2 do not like either.
4. In a team of 11 players, 4 use only the left leg (L), 3 both legs, and
x use the right leg (R) only, find the value of x.
 THURSDAY 11TH NOVEMBER 2021
PRIMARY SIX MATHEMATICS
Using Venn diagrams to solve problems
Example
In a class of 30 pupils, 16 like English (E), 17 like mathematics (M), while 2 do
not like the two subjects. Find the number of pupils who.
(a) Like both.
(b) Like only English
(c) Like only mathematics
 EXERCISE
Use the Venn diagrams to solve the following
1. In a club of 40 people, 32 like basketball (B), 30 like hockey (H) and x people like both
games. How many like;
(a) both games? (b) only one game?
2. In our village there were 86 farmers. If 63 farmers reared cows (C) and 54 reared goats
(G), how many reared only one type of animals?
3. In a class of 20 pupils, 12 eat matooke (M), 15 eat rice (R), 2 do not eat the two and some
(x) eat both. Find the number of pupils who eat:
(a) both, (b) only matooke. (c) only rice
4. At a party of 27 guests, 11 drank only Fanta (F), 9 drunk both Fanta and Mirinda, 4 only
Mirinda (M), x did not take any. Find the value of x.