DATA COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (EC 6501)

Chapter 2: Data Communications

Lecture 2.6

By
Prof. Santos Kumar Das

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Outlines
 CDMA

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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

 Standard rate : 9600bps

 Transmitted rate: 1.23Mbps
 Coding theory: Spread information about the
multiple channel over the entire frequency
spectrum or applying digital code on the data
bit associated with users in a cell.
 Digital data + data bit

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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

 Original data (od): data bit

 CDMA Code (dc): digital code (pseudo-
random code sequence or pseudo-noise (PN))
 PN is shared by base station and mobile
station. This is also know as vector code
 Transmitted data (s): dc + od

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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
 Vector code representation: ci ( = 1 or +1) or ~ci ( = 0 or -1)
 1 and 0 are data bits
 All the channel's should be orthogonal to each other.
 Orthogonal (inner product):
 ci . cj = 1 (if i = j) or 0 (ow)

 ci . (~cj) = -1 (if i = j) or 0 (ow)

 When Channel i transmits 1, it transmits code sequence of ci
 When Channel i transmits 0, it transmits code sequence of ~ci
 Transmitted data (s) = C1 + C2 +…….+ Ci
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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

 Where, Ci = ci or (~cj), code sequence

 Retrieving original data: Ci . S = Ci . (C1 + C2 +…….+ Ci + …….)

 For data transmission and retrieve what you need to do? Following are the
step
 Step1: Check the orthogonality
 Step2: Calculate the transmitted data (s)
 Step 3 at the receiver: Retrieve the data

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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

 Example: Suppose channel 1, channel 2, channel 3, and channel 4 has the

vector code (( 1, 1, 1, 1), (0, 0, 1, 1), (0, 1, 0, 1), (0, 1, 1, 0)) with data bits
(0, 1, silent, 0). i) Check the orthogonality, ii), Obtain the transmitted data,
and iii) Obtain the original data
 Solution: For data transmission and retrieve what you need to do?
Following are the step
 Step1: Check the orthogonality
 Step2: Calculate the transmitted data (s)
 Step 3 at the receiver: Retrieve the data

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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

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