OPENING prayer

Dear Lord and Father of all, Thank you for today.

Thank you for ways in which you provide for us all.

For Your protection and love we thank you.

Help us to focus our hearts and minds now on what we are about to learn. Inspire us by Your Holy Spirit as

we listen and write.

Guide us by your eternal light as we discover more about the world around us.

We ask all this in the name of Jesus.

Amen.
Organic Compound:
Compound Containing
Oxygen and Nitrogen
 Compounds containing
Oxygen
LESSONS
Compounds containing Nitrogen
 Things you should learn!

In this module, you are expected to meet this

competency:
• recognize the general classes and uses of organic compound
S9MT-IIh-18 (DepEd-MELC, DICES)
Compounds
Containing
Oxygen
Functional Group
are specific groupings of atoms
within molecules that have their own are the non-hydrocarbon part
characteristic properties, regardless of that plays the chemically
the other atoms present in a molecule. functional part of a molecule.
Common examples are alcohols, They may involve substituents
amines, carboxylic acids, ketones, and and often contain O, N, S, or P.
ethers.
 
 General Classes of Oxygen-Containing Compounds
Oxygen-Containing Description Functional Group Example
Compounds
ALCOHOLS Organic compounds that has
a hydroxyl group
(–OH) bonded to a carbon
atom.
 
Classifications:
1. Primary (1°) alcohol - is
one in which the carbon
atom (in red) with the OH
group is attached ethanol
to one other carbon atom (in
(methyl alcohol)
blue). Its general formula is
RCH2OH.
 General Classes of Oxygen-Containing Compounds
Oxygen-Containing Description Functional Group Example
Compounds
ALCOHOLS 2. Secondary (2°) alcohol -
is one in which the carbon
atom (in red) with the OH
group is attached to two
other carbon atoms (in
blue). Its general formula is
R2CHOH.
3. Tertiary (3°) alcohol - is
one in which the carbon
atom (in red) with the OH
group is attached to three
other carbon atoms (in blue).
Its general formula is
R3COH.
 General Classes of Oxygen-Containing Compounds
Oxygen-Containing Description Functional Group Example
Compounds
ETHERS Organic compounds in which
2 hydrocarbon groups are
bonded to the same atom of
oxygen.
dimethyl ether
ALDEHYDES The C=O group is called the
carbonyl group which is the
functional group of both
aldehydes and ketones.
An organic compound in which
the carbonyl group is attached to
at least 1 hydrogen atom.
Functional group always
appears on the end of the ethanal
hydrocarbon chain. (acetaldehyde)
 General Classes of Oxygen-Containing Compounds
Oxygen-Containing Description Functional Group Example
Compounds
KETONES Organic compound in which
the carbon of the carbonyl
group is joined to 2 other
carbons.
2-propanone
(acetone)
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS Organic compound which also
contains carbonyl group
(C=O), but is also attached to
a hydroxyl group (-OH) =
“carboxyl” group

ethanoic acid
(acetic acid)
 General Classes of Oxygen-Containing Compounds
Oxygen-Containing Description Functional Group Example
Compounds
ESTERS Organic compounds that
have carboxylic acid
groups in which the
hydrogen of the hydroxyl
group has been replaced by
an alkyl group (R’).
methyl ethanoate
(methyl acetate)
 Uses of Oxygen-Containing Compounds
Oxygen-Containing Compounds Uses
Alcohols  Used as disinfectants, solvents, liquor, high efficiency fuels, fungicides, cosmetics
 Used to make vinegar, to synthesize other organic compounds and used in the
manufacturing of plastics
Ethers  Used as general anaesthetic in surgery.
 Useful solvents for other organic compounds such as fats and oils.
Aldehydes  Used as preservatives, flavorings, perfumes, etc.
Ketones  Used in making flavorings, dyes, chloroform, and plastics.
 Acetone- used as a solvent for resins, lacquers, and cellulose.
 Camphor- used in liniments, insecticides and in the manufacture of celluloid
 Civetone- used in making perfumes
Carboxylic Acids  Used in some food items, in manufacturing soaps, in aspirin, as industrial solvents,
in preparing perfumes and artificial essences used in food manufacturing.
Esters  Used in fragrances because of their distinctive smell (perfumes), as solvents in
glues, and used to make plasticisers.
Naming Oxygen Containing Compound (IUPAC)
Example 1. Alcohols

Drop the -e ending of the parent alkane name and add suffix of –ol. Number the position carbon to the
nearest carbon where the hydroxyl is attached. Alcohols containing 2, 3, and 4 of the -OH substituents are
named diols, triols, and tetrols respectively.

ethanol 1,2,3-propanetriol
Naming Oxygen Containing Compound (IUPAC)
Example 2. Ethers
The two R groups are alphabetized and followed by ether. If the R groups have same number of carbon,
use the prefix di-.

diethyl ether methyl propyl ether

Naming Oxygen Containing Compound (IUPAC)
Example 3. Aldehydes
Identify the longest chain containing the carbonyl group. Replace -e ending replaced with –al. Specific
location of the aldehyde functional group is on the terminal part of the parent chain.

ethanal
methanal
Naming Oxygen Containing Compound (IUPAC)
Example 4. Ketones
Identify the longest chain with carbonyl. Replace -e with new ending of –one. Specific location of the
ketone functional group is between the parent chain.

2-propanone 3-methyl-2-pentanone
Naming Oxygen Containing Compound (IUPAC)
Example 5. Carboxylic Acids
 
Name the parent chain. Replace –e with –oic followed by the word acid.

methanoic acid propanoic acid

Naming Oxygen Containing Compound (IUPAC)
Example 6. Esters

It has 2 words; the first word is the alkyl attached to single bonded oxygen from alcohol. For the second
word, take the acid name and remove the –ic acid before adding –ate.
.

methyl ethanoate methyl pentanoate

Activity no. 13.1
Time started:______ Time finished:______
A. Directions: Let us have a short review. Identify the oxygen containing compounds below. Write Al for alcohol, Et for
ether, Ad for aldehyde, Kt for ketone, CA for carboxylic acid and Es for Ester. Write your answer on the space provided
before each number. (One point for each correct answer.)
1. 2-pentanone 6. propyl methanoate

2. 3-hexanone 7. 2-methylbutanal

_____3. pentanedial 8. ethyl methyl ether

_____4. butanoic acid _____ 9. 2-methyl-1-propanol

5. pentanoic acid ____ 10. 3,5-dimethyl-1-hexanol

B. Directions: Encircle the functional group of the following structural formula. Then name the oxygen containing
compounds by following the IUPAC rules provided in your concept notes. (One point for each correct answer.)

1. ___________________________________ 2. ___________________________________
Compounds
Containing
Nitrogen
Types of Nitrogen-containing Compound
1. Amines are organic compounds with functional group –NH2. Amines are named by alphabetically linking the names
of the alkyl or aromatic groups bonded to the nitrogen and attaching the suffix - amine. The name is written as one
word, and the prefixes di- and tri- are used when identical alkyl groups are present.

2. Amides are the product of a reaction between an amine and a carboxylic acid derivative. It is named after
corresponding carboxylic acids by changing the –ic ending (common name) or –oic ending (IUPAC names) of the acid
to –amide.
Functional group:
Exercise 13.2
Directions: Match the structural formula in column A with its corresponding name in column B. Write the letter of your
answer on the space before each number. Take note that each option must be used only once. (One point for each correct
answer.)
A B
_____1.

_____2.

_____3.

_____4.

_____5.
Activity no. 13.2
Time started:______ Time finished:______
A. Directions: Give the name of each structural formula.
1. CH3 – NH – CH3

2. CH3 – CH2 – NH2

B. Directions: Draw the structural formula of

1. ethylmethylamine
 
2. trimethylamin
POST-TEST
A. Matching Type
Directions: Carefully analyze each compound in column A. Match the following chemical compound in column A with
the corresponding
COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. diethyl (ethyl) ether A. simplest of organic acids and is not used by embalmers
but used by ants, wasps, and other stinging insects.
2. methanoic/formic acid B. used as an anesthetic and solvent in embalming fluids in
3. dimethyl (methyl) ether the past.
C. some of these have disinfectant properties such as
4. quaternary ammonium compounds Benzalkonium Chloride
5. ethanoic/acetic acid D. used as a solvent in embalming fluids in the past.
E. active acid in vinegar. Vinegar is used in the prep room as
a solvent for removing nicotine stains, and as a hair
rinse/conditioner.
B. Directions: To assess what you have learned, draw the structural formula for each of the following compounds given
below.
1. 1-butanol
2. ethyl methyl ether
3. methyl propanoate
4. trimethylamine
5. Pentanol

C. Constructed Response.
Directions: Carefully read each question before answering. Your answer should be not less than eight sentences. You will
be graded using the given rubric below.

Among the different varieties of oxygen/nitrogen-containing compounds, which do you think would be a greater help to
improve the Philippine economy? Justify your answer.
Closing prayer