WIND ENERGY:

• Wind energy is one of the most cleanly and reliable sources of

renewable energy
• The main equipment of wind energy system is wind turbines which
help to convert kinetic energy to electrical energy
• Basically, wind turbines consist of rotor shaft, electrical generator,
gearbox and turbine blades which creates the force and produce the
torque and thus obtain the electrical energy
The two types of wind turbines which are
1. Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT)
-(rotor perpendicular to the ground)
. Darrieus wind turbine
. Savonius wind turbine

2. Horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT)

-(rotor parallel to the ground)
 TYPES OF AXIS:

• Horizontal wind turbine

- Higher wind speeds
- Medium efficiency
- Has to be moved in the direction
of wind (Yaw mechanism)
- Very high power
- Efficiency 18% to 20%
TYPES OF AXIS:

• Vertical axis wind turbine

- it requires lower wind speeds
- can place generator on ground
- Wind direction doesn’t matter
it adjust to it itself
- medium power
- easy to install as compared to HAWT
- efficiency 50% to 60%
DARRIEUS WIND TURBINE:
• Darrieus rotors are lift devices, characterized by
two or three thin, blades with airfoil cross
section and constant chord length.
• Both ends of the blades are attached to a
vertical shaft. Thus, the force in the blade due to
rotation is pure tension.
• When rotating, these airfoil blades provide a
torque about the central shaft in response to a
wind stream.
• This shaft torque is being transmitted to a
generator at the base of the central shaft for
power generation.
• Darrieus wind turbine is not self-starting. Therefore, a small motor is
required to start off the rotation. This turbine generates less torque
than a Savonius but it rotates much faster.
• Characteristics of Darrieus type wind turbine
- Not self-starting
- High speed
- High efficiency
- Potentially low capital cost
SAVONIUS WIND TURBINE:
• The operation of Savonius rotor work on the difference of drag force
when the wind strikes the concave and convex part of the semi-
spherical blades.
• The flow energy utilization of Savonius rotor is lower than that of
Darrieus rotor.
• So, this type of turbine is generally used for low-power applications
• Characteristics of Savonius type wind turbine
- Self starting
- Low speed
- Low efficiency
COMBINED DARRIEUS AND SAVONIUS WIND TURBINE:

• This type of wind turbine combines two types of blades, the S-shaped
Savonius-Vanes and the H- Darrieus-Blades .
• Whereas the Savonius-Vanes are drag-driven, the Darrieus-Blades will
experience a lifting force when wind is blowing across the turbine.
• Darrieus Wind Turbine is not able to start without an initial net rotational
force, the Savonius-Vanes are added to make the turbine self-starting.
• This system is omnidirectional and does not need special yaw mechanisms to
rotate itself towards the wind direction.