DEBRE MARKOS INSTITUTION OF TECHNOLOGY

SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

POWER PLANTS ENGINEERING COURSE PROJECT ON

WIND ENERGY POWER PLANTS

Group Members
S/N FULL NAME IDNO.
1.   FEDILA JEMAL 0929/11
1.   FENTAHUN ALEMAYEHU 0337/10
1.   FRDAWEK TESFAYE 0227/11
1.   GETAYE TAMIRAT 0028/10
Wind energy

Types of wind energy

Introduction
• The energy obtained from wind .
• Wind energy, or wind power, refers to the process of using the movement of
air to convert it into mechanical power or electricity.
• This mechanical power can be used for specific tasks(such as grinding grain
or pumping water) or a generator can convert this mechanical power in to
electricity.
• The wind turns the blades, which spin a shaft which connect a generator and
makes electricity.
 Types of wind energy
• There are two types of wind turbine
1 Horizontal axis
2 Vertical axis
Horizontal axis wind turbine
 The main rotor shaft run horizontally.
 The rotating axis of the blade is parallel to the direction of the wind
 The rotor faces the wind to capture maximum wind energy.
 Inspection and maintenance is difficult
They are more efficient

Horizontal axis wind turbines basically include two types namely up-wind turbines and down-
wind turbines.

Up wind turbine
blades faces the wind
avoid wind shade behind tower
rotor should be inflexible and should be placed at some distance from the tower
Down wind turbine
blades in down wind side
 Built with out yaw mechanism
 Rotor /blade can be flexible
 Power fluctuation will be there because of tower shade
 The main rotor shaft run vertically.
Vertical axis turbine
 The rotating axis of the blades is perpendicular to the direction of wind.
 The rotor can accept the wind stream form any direction.
 Inspection and maintenance is easy.
 Less efficient.
 Types of vertical axis turbine
1 savonius turbine
2 darrieus turbine
3 gromill turbine

1.1 savonius turbine

consists of two or three “scoops”.
employ drag action to convert wind energy.
spin in any wind regardless of facing.
runs slowly produce high torque.

2.1 darrieus turbine

has vertical rotor and vertically oriented blades
a small powered motor is required to start
3.1 gromill turbine
darrieus type vertical axis wind turbine
typically powered by two or three vertical aero foils attached to a central mast by horizontal support
figure1.1 savonius figure2 .1darrieus figure3.1 gromill
 Component of wind turbine
1 foundation
2 tower
3 hub
3 rotor
4 nacelle
5 generator
Working principle of wind turbine

When the wind strikes the rotor blades, blades start rotating. The turbine rotor is connected
to a high-speed gearbox.
Gearbox transforms the rotor rotation from low speed to high speed. The high-speed shaft
from the gearbox is coupled with the rotor of the generator and hence the electrical
generator runs at a higher speed.
An exciter is needed to give the required excitation to the magnetic coil of the generator
field system so that it can generate the required electricity. The generated voltage at output
terminals of the alternator is proportional to both the speed and field flux of the alternator.
The speed is governed by wind power which is out of control.
 Application of wind turbine
Wind farm
Grain milling
Powered vehicle
Water pumping
Telecommunication
Weather station
Air traffic control
 Advantages and disadvantages
• Advantages • Disadvantages
No pollution At present capital cost of wind power plants
Lowest prices renewable resource is high.

Wind is almost everywhere Wind energy can not be stored

Low maintenance Sometimes birds have been killed by flying

in to the rotors
Does not require fuel
Large variations in wind speed during
storms may cause damage to windmills.
Thankyou