Process-making | Making a Process

CCI4002 Cultural Governance and Ethics

Recap

Value Creation |
Art Administration
We highlight the essential roles of Planning, Organization, Leadership and Control by
art administrators who are shaping the value creation process of the arts and cultural
organizations.

In particular, Three Values art administration can make contribution to:

The Three Values of Arts Administration

Augment and maximize the intrinsic value of the arts

01 • Aesthetic
• Spiritual
• Experiential
• Experimental…
Administrators create an environment for actualizing the
values and facilitate its communication with the audience

Bring instrumental value of the “ways of doing” (process) one

02 of the essence for the arts or other social and cultural causes
• The process brings value to a social mission (say, serving
the underprivileged)
• It offers an open process for community participation (or
serving the purpose of creation, preservation of heritage
such as the case in HK Dance.

3
 Enhance the institutional value
03 • Fame, reputation, brand value of the organization
• Tangible and intangible asset of the institution

Para Site 1a SPACE IATC (HK)

4
Let us study a case:

HK Dance and
Its Challenges
Inquiring how this organization deals with
the issue of retaining talents (dancers) and
how the decision process (ways of doing)
could enhance the organization’s
institutional values (artistic asset and
talent resources) but the same time fulfill
the ethical concerns.
A Case Study with Your Participation

You are either role-

playing:
Board Members, or;
Art Administrator
You should listen to the following facts / info

Backgrounds & Contexts

Problems and Issues
Dancers’ perceptions,
views and challenges
After the briefing, board members and
administrator shall decide whether the
problems and issues really need to address
and what’s the direction in addressing it

* further details shall refer to the

instruction pages (from Slide 23); let us get
back to the case first
Hong Kong Dance
Company Limited
Backgrounds and Contexts
The only one professional and full-time Chinese

01. Dance Troupe in HK

employing about 29 to 31 dancers in average of
its development in a decade

02. Stable major performances every year

11 to 13 annual performances

Stable growth in outreach and

03. educational activities

2,236 activities (2011/12) to
2,593 activities (2016/17)

04. One of the nine art groups

subvented by the government
79% of income from Home Affairs
Bureau (2020)
Backgrounds and Contexts
Audience is stable with a slight growth over the

05. years
30884 total audience in 2011/12
41186 total audience in 2016/17

06. Potential income sources from outreach

activities and children & youth troupes
About 3 million for each
contributed to HK Dance

07. It is not a private company and

it has to fulfill the expectations
of the public / Government
Noticeable trends & phenomena…
35

Does HKD 29.3

30
30.1
29.4
30.5 31 30.5 30.7 30.8 31.1 30.9

grow old?
25

20

• dancers’ average age in the past 15

Average Age
Average # of year at HKD
decade has reached 30.9
10

• and dancers’ length of service 5.9

6.6
7.3 7.5 7.5 7.4 7.8 7.5
5.1 5.6
grows from 5.1 to 7.5 years 5

2013-2014

2014-2015

2019-2020
2010-2011

2011-2012

2012-2013

2015-2016

2016-2017

2017-2018

2018-2019
Noticeable trends & phenomena …

General Profile
of Dancers in
2021
Noticeable trends & phenomena …

Increasing and demanding

workloads 11 to 13 major More activities Reputation &
Does HKD need a more performances Corporate Social
Responsibilities
youthful, rigorous and But each More than 2,500 HK dance takes up
creative team? performance will be outreach and more activities
shown more than educational such as 3-4
3/4 times, making
activities every exchange tours
the total number of
performances
year and perhaps overseas, free
about 40 to 47 more shows to
shows underprivileged
groups, etc.
Noticeable trends & phenomena …
Creative & HK Dance is also in a transition where more cultural and creative
inputs are needed and translated into a new language of dance
Aethetics choreography (classical, popular culture, Chinese martial arts, etc.)

Name Name Name

Title Title Title
Issues & Problems Text

Would the art group Text Text

need a younger
team?
A more energetic team of talents to
meet the growing loading of activities?

More flexible and adaptive to new Text Text

cultures and creative inputs?

Faster turnover of the team may be

good? Text
Dancers’ Views and Perceptions
圖 五 ： 入 讀 專 業 藝 校 年 期 與 選 擇 成 為 職 業 舞 者 意 向 的 對 比
14 跳舞便可，成為

12

10
專業舞者更佳

5
專業舞者是
唯一出口 Dancers’
8

Dedication
人數

2
6
跳舞便可，成為
4 專業舞者更佳
專業舞者是
7
唯一出口 6 Dance as an art form requires
2 1
2
intensive training early in
0 0 childhood. Dancers are trained
4年或以下 4年或以下 5年或以上 5年或以上
to perform and serve to be
入讀藝校年期
professional dancers. Their
現職舞者 已轉型舞者
mind-set narrowly focuses on
dancing.
Dancers’ Views and Perceptions …

Dancers are little

prepared for career
changes
Dancers generally tend to believe they
can perform dancing as late as 40
years old. But in fact, if referring to the
pervious cases who leave the art
group, they were usually at 32/33
years old.
Dancers’ Views and Perceptions …

Dancers stick to
the art group
They see the art group almost as
the only source of stability
Dancers’ Views and Perceptions …

They have little

imagination
Since they are not prepared for career
planning and change, they tend to limit
their visions to dance teaching / education
if being forced to face career changes
Dancers’ Views and Perceptions …

They have little

incentive to self-
development
HK Dance has offered training
opportunities including talks, seminars and
a scholarship program. But the vision and
horizon of dancers is relatively narrow,
very few of them will seek information for
career planning, self-development or apply
for the scholarship
Dancers’ Views and
Perceptions …

How can the culture of

dancers be transformed?

You can simply impress your audience and

add a unique zing and appeal to your
Presentations. Easy to change colors,
photos and Text.
How should the HK Dance treat its talents?
Is it the right time to change the dancer
team as soon as possible?

Dancers are the core asset of the art group;

they need time to grow

Change could take place gradually, but why

not make the turnover faster? Dancers
Dancers need assistance to make change for Talents
a better performance and for their career
planning and self development too!

The art group is not a social welfare

organization. If artists cannot meet the
aesthetic requirements, why should they
stay?
The above backgrounds are the messy reality waiting for a clear
analysis to recognize the problems and issues

Pick up one
role…
1. And examine any challenges
facing the art organization

2. Map out the problems and

issues to be resolved
Board Member Art Administrator
3. Propose some directions for
addressing the problems and
issues
Characterized mind-sets of Board Members
You are not the operator of the art organization, so usually your views and perspectives are broad and
strategic. That means you are more interested in thinking what benefits the art organization in the long
run and sets the policy directions that drive the organization. You also concern about the crisis, challenges
or barriers facing the organization as well as the institutional value that the organization could create.

• Agenda setting • Consider the pros and cons • You consider the brand • You tend to be action-
• Identify the broad changes whenever you see a value, institutional value oriented
or challenges facing the problem or an issue and the long-term benefits • Think, analyze, take action
organization • You may either ignore the of the organization and generate consensus is
• Narrow down the scope problem/issue, or your way of doing
and nature of the problems recognize it a real issue to
and the directions to go be tackled
Characterized mind-sets of Art Administrator
You are the driver and operator of the art organization. Meticulous and sensitive to every details that
might affect the organization is your usual thinking. You also need to focus on, recognize and analyze the
problems and issues clearly so as to facilitate the decision-making process. You serve as bridge between
the crew (dancers) and the Board, so you are concerned about any possible changes that might affect the
benefits not only of the organization but also the status of dance practitioners.

• Agenda setting
• Identify the changes or
challenges facing the
organization
• Narrow down the scope
and nature of the problems
and the directions to go as
well as the implementation
process
• Consider the pros and cons • You also consider the • You tend to be action-
whenever you see a brand value, institutional oriented
problem or an issue value and the long-term • Think, analyze, take action,
• Map out the different benefits of the propose and explain
options to resolve the organization workable plans to the
problems / issues • But you also concern the Board is your ways of doing
• Examine the different different groups/staffs who
impacts and benefits of are affected by your
your proposal policies
What should you do?

Is there a real Any pros and cons

Rules and
problem / issue? regarding your ways
What problem / issue
you identify?
of doing?
Tools
You pick up a role to play; answer the guided
questions and give your justifications
What is your Any ethical issues /
proposed direction(s) considerations you
You can use the Trump card 2 times at the max
to address the may have?
problem(s) / issue(s)?
The Trump Card

• Actually, it is a Q&A card

• You can raise a question every

time you use the card

• And I should answer your

question honestly
Please go the google drive
“class activities” folder
where you can find the
template for presenting
your views