Engineering Graphics

MENG104

Lecture : Hamed Pourasl

INTRODUCTION:

 The old saying that “necessity is the mother of invention ” is still true, and a
new machine, structure, system, or device is the result of that need.
 Why we need to learn this course :
Aim of the course

 Knowledge of engineering drawing instruments.

 Understanding and interpretation of technical drawings.

 Ability to develop projections of a 3D object

 Introduction to CAD
Engineering drawing
 An engineering drawing, a type of technical drawing, is used to fully
and clearly define requirements for engineered items. Engineering
drawing (the activity) produces engineering drawings (the
documents). More than merely the drawing of pictures, it is also a
language—a graphical language that communicates ideas and
information from one mind to another. Most especially, it
communicates all needed information from the engineer who
designed a part to the workers who will make it
Classification of projection:
Instrument drawing
1. drawing board
2. T-square: drafting machine or parallel ruling
3. Set of instruments (Compass or drafting)
4. 45 triangle
5. 30*60 triangle
6. Ames lettering guide or lettering triangle
7. architects’ triangular scale
8. engineers’ triangular scale
9. Metric triangular scale
10. Irregular curve
11. Protractor
12. Mechanical pencils and thin lad mechanical pencils and HB, F, 2H
13. Lead pointer and sandpaper pad
14. Pencil eraser
15. Plastic drafting eraser or Artgum cleaning eraser
16. Erasing shield
17. Dusting brush
18. drawing paper(A4)
19. Drafting tape
20. Templates
21. Calculator
22. Cleansing tissue or dust cloth
For our class
Scale

 1:1 full size

 1:2 Half full size
 1:5 one-fifth full size
 1:10 one-tenth full size
 2:1 Twice full size
 5:1 five times full size
 10:1 Ten times full size
 Alphabet of lines
1: Visible lines: thick dark line use to show outline o object, visible and
surfaces.
2: Construction: Very light and thin line use to construct layout work
3: Dimension line: Thin and dark lines use to show the size of an object with
a numeric value.
4: Hidden line: Short dash lines use to show non visible surface. Usually
shows as medium thickness
5: Centre line: long and short dash lines. Usually indicates center of holes,
circle and arcs.
6: extension line: thin and dark line use to show the starting and ending of
dimension.
7: short and long break lines: short and long medium line use to show
cutaway view of long section.
8: phantom line: long line followed by two short dashes use to show
alternate position of moving part.
9: Section line: medium lines at 45 degrees use to show interior view of slid
areas of cutting plane line.
Drawing a Horizontal line
Drawing a Vertical Line
The Triangle Wheel
Technique of lines
Example:
Example
Vertical Capital Letters and Numerals
Guide lines for Dimension
Example :
Example
Points and lines
Angles
Triangles:
Quadrilaterals:
Regular Polygons:
The Circle:
Bisecting a line or a Circular Arc
Bisecting a line with Triangle and T-square
Bisecting an Angle
Transferring an Angle :
Dividing a Line into Equal Parts :
Dividing a Line into Equal Parts :
Practical Applications of Dividing a Line into
Equal Parts :
Dividing a Line into Proportional Parts
Drawing a Triangle with Sides Given: