Industrialization

and
Urbanization
Chapter 13
 The Industrial Revolution
From the beginning of history until the nineteenth century, labor and other
activities are done by human hands, either directly or with the aid of
tools/implements held by hands or with animals guided by man.
As science and technology progresses, the simple gadgets/hand implements were
replaced by improved ones that the corresponding outputs increased significantly.

This process was accompanied by the setting-up of factories to produce specific

products for human use and consumptions and the conversion of some agricultural
lands into towns.
The phenomenal process is the transfer of doing work by human hands and feet to
the use of machines was called “The Industrial Revolution”.
Steam engine was significantly improved by
James Watt by inventing the condensing steam
engine. In consultation and collaboration with
Joseph Black the discoverer of “latent heat” in
Thermodynamics, Watt made an exhaustive
and systematic study of the heat losses in
engine and related his findings on the physical
properties of steam to the conduction of heat
by metals.
British engineers constructed the first
passenger railway transport. The Industrial
Revolution in the United Kingdom of Great
Britain in the middle of the eighteenth century
and the mechanization of industrial processes
proved the thesis of Francis Bacon that
through useful utilization and application of
knowledge, the material pursuit and welfare of
society can be advanced and improved.
 Benjamin Franklin — lightning rod

Alessandro Volta — electric battery

Michael Faraday — electromagnetic conduction

Andre Ampere — first dynamo

 Samuel Morse — first practical telegraph

Alexander Graham Bell — telephone

Thomas Alva Edison — electric bulb

Guglielmo Marconi — wireless telegraph

Industrializatio
n
Industrialization is a part of the
process of economic growth
whereby the manufacturing
industries contribute a large share
with respect to the sum total of all
the economic activities.
It is a symbolic term that equate
and emphasize it with progress,
improvement and prosperity since
most of the developed counties of
the world are more industrialized.
Typical of these countries are the
United States of America, United
Kingdom of Great Britain, Japan,
France, Germany and other
countries in Europe.
Ever since the first industrial revolution, there have been newly industrializing countries (NICs).

End of nineteenth
By 1950 By 1995
century
• Britain or England • Canada • Republic of Korea
• Australia • Hongkong
• Argentina • Singapore
• Turkey • Malaysia
• Brazil • Thailand
• India
• Pakistan
• Chile
• Taiwan
 Capital is a basic requirement of a manufacturing
enterprise.

COMPONENTS Raw Materials are the main components of a

processing plant since they are being processed to
OF become the finished products.
MANUFACTUR Power is needed to run the various machines or
ING equipment in the manufacturing plant.
INDUSTRIES
Markets for a manufacturing firm to maintain its
operation and grow, there must be an adequate
market for its products in the domestic and export.
 Labor or Manpower is a primary requirement
in a manufacturing enterprise. It is generally
composed of skilled and unskilled labor,
COMPONENTS technical personnel and management staff.

OF
MANUFACTUR Transportation efficient transport facilities are
very necessary to transport raw materials
ING from source to the processing plant and to
INDUSTRIES bring the finish products to different terminals
and end points to make it available to the
end-users and the consuming public.
Government Policy the state should promulgate laws that would
encourage entrepreneurs to establish industries that would
contribute to growth of the national economy.
Example: Investment Incentive Act, R.A. No 5186
1. To encourage both local and foreign investments in projects
2. To welcome and encourage foreign capital to establish
pioneer enterprises that are capital intensive and would utilize
a substantial Filipino capita, whenever available
Urbanization

Since the start of the Industrial

Revolution, people have gradually
moved from the rural communities
to cities and other metropolitan
areas in search for jobs and better
education. The migration of people
have caused some social and
economic changes and likewise
generate human benefits and
social problems.
Major Factors that cause Migration
INDUSTRIALIZATION – generally
starts in cities and urban centers
AGRICULTURE – can only
accommodate a small labor force
in the countryside compared to
the industrial processing sector
POPULATION GROWTH – caused
by the continuing migration of
people from rural communities to
the cities
IMPROVED TRANSPORTATION
AND COMMUNICATION – opened
up the gate valve that help
facilitate the rapid movement of
the rural people to the urban
centers
As the world population expands
and past the six billion mark, it
becomes more unevenly
distributed. The main
concentrations do not occur on the
most productive land. People tend
to gravitate towards large cities.

Many cities have grown beyond the

control of planners and include
illegal slums that pack millions of
people together and concentrate
pollution and disease. An
estimated 600 million people in the
cities of the developing world lack
clean water, sanitation, and secure
homes.
Impacts of
Industrialization
and Urbanization
on the
Environment
• Industrial processing plants,
trucks, cars, and buses generate
gaseous substances that pollute
the atmosphere.
• Factories generate liquid and solid
wastes which contaminate the
soils, rivers and sea water.
• The impacts on the environment is
manifested in the pollution of the air,
land, and water in the urban areas and
vicinities.
• The disposal of liquid and solid wastes is
also a problem in urban areas.
• Noise pollution is characterized as a
problem in cities and metropolitan areas
in the Philippines and other developing
countries and developed countries of the
world.
THANK YOU!
REPORTERS:

ADATO, ALAIZA MAE

AGUILAN, KAYE ANN
DE GUZMAN, MIKY ROSE
OMAGTANG, SHERINA MAE
PATAYAN, GERALDINE