NAME : MAYUR RAJU MOHANKAR

COLLEGE : RIGIONAL LABOUR INSTIUTUTE ,

NAGPUR

ROLL NO : 13

SUB : ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

ASSIGNMENT NO.1
Productivity :
1.“A measure of the efficiency of a person, machine, factory, system, etc., in converting
inputs into useful outputs.Productivity is computed by dividing average output per period by
the total costs incurred or resources (capital, energy, material, personnel) consumed in that
period. Productivity is a critical determinant of cost efficiency.”

2. Labour Productivity : “Labor productivity measures the hourly output of a country's economy.

Specifically, it charts the amount of real gross domestic product (GDP) produced by an hour of labor.

Growth in labor productivity depends on three main factors: saving and investment in physical

capital. new technology, and human capital.

Formula :
 Productivity measures the efficiency of a company's production process. It is calculated
by dividing the outputs produced by a company by the inputs used in its production
process. Common inputs are labor hours, capital and natural resources, while outputs are
generally measured in sales or the number of goods and services produced. Productivity
can be calculated by measuring the number of units produced relative to employee labor
hours or by measuring a company's net sales relative to employee labor hours.

Productivity = output / input

In other way ,

Productivity = total value of work / total hours worked

For Example ,Let’s say company generated RS.80,000 worth of goods or services
(output) utilizing 1,500 labor hours (input). To calculate your company’s labor productivity,
you would divide 80,000 by 1,500, which equals 53. This means that your company
generates RS. 53 per hour of work
Productivity = 80000 ÷ 1500 = 53
What are the components taken into considaration while
calculating productivity ?

 Automation
 Best practices
 Efficiency
 Flow
 Goal setting
 Innovation
Sales services manufacturing
 Knowledge acquisition
 Motivation & energy
 Prioritization
 Quality assurance
 Recycling
 Reflection
 Sharing
 Skill acquisition
 Specialization
 Tactics
 Tools
which industries predominantly focus on calculation of productivity ?

All types of industries are predominantly focus on calculation

Such Like as :

 1. Primary industries : The primary sector is concerned with the extraction of

raw materials. It includes fishing, farming and mining. In less developed
economies, the primary sector will comprise the biggest part of the economy.
Typically as an economy develops, increased labour productivity will enable
workers to leave the agricultural sector and move to other sectors, such as
manufacturing and the service sector.
 Farming
 Fishing
 Coal mining
 Forestry and logging,
 Oil extraction,
 Diamond mining.
2. Manufacturing Industries :
When calculating productivity at a whole economy scale, economists often measure the ratio of
gross domestic product (GDP) to labour hours.
Similarly, productivity in manufacturing measures the number of units produced or net sales,
relative to employee labour hours.
It’s important to note that measuring labour hours as the sole input is only a partial measure of
productivity. In practical terms, this is a useful benchmark, as labour is an input to almost all
production. However it does not capture the full productivity picture, and other measures
including Capital Productivity, Multifactor Productivity and Total Productivity are also used (see
below).
There are four main kinds of input that can be used to determine productivity:
• Physical capital
• Human capital
• Natural resoureces
• Technical knowledge

3. Service sector Industries :

Service-sector productivity largely determines a nation’s ability to compete in today’s global
economy. An analysis of the comparative productivity levels of several leading countries
provides insights into the factors that make a difference. Manufacturing is, and of course, will
remain, genuinely important to the economic health of industrial nations. Today, however, in terms of
employment, income, international trade, and even production costs, services have become yet more
important. This is the inescapable conclusion of a recent study by the McKinsey Global Institute of
service-sector productivity in the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, France, and the former
West Germany.1 For background information on this report, see sidebar “Studying productivity.”
Give live example of productivity enhancement ?

 There’s nothing more important to a small business than its employees. If your
employees are happy, their productivity will increase, and that’s exactly what you need
to help your business grow.
 Making small changes to habits will drastically improve the levels of productivity
and office efficiency in your business. This will allow you to get more quality work
done in a shorter period of time as well as reduce the amount of time spent on
unnecessary tasks.
 Here are eight top tips on how to get the most out of your employees and ensure that
their productivity is kept to a maximum:

1. Be Efficient : Consider how your business is currently operating, and be open to the
potential of changing the way you work. Remember that it’s equally as important to
make short-term and long-term lists as it is to prioritise tasks, especially in a small
business.

2. Delegate : Delegation comes with an element of risk, but increased responsibility is

important for improving the morale and job satisfaction of your staff. Give responsibilities
to qualified employees that have a proven track record with success in a certain field, and
trust that they will perform the tasks well.
 3. Reduce Distractions : Social media can be a huge
productivity killer, but it isn’t practical to have a no-phone policy. Instead, try to keep
employees focused and engaged while allowing them breathing room

4. Have the Right Tools and Equipment :

Providing employees with the right tools and equipment is important so they can perform
their duties efficiently and on time. There’s nothing more counterproductive than spending
time waiting for paperwork to print because you haven’t got a fast printing device.

5. Improve workplace conditions :

A comfortable working temperature is between 68 and 70 degrees F (20-21 C). An
environment that’s too hot or too cold distracts from concentration, as employees will spend
more time walking around to get their coats or an electric fan. Ensure both heating and air-
conditioning systems are in working order for when the relevant season comes around.

6. Offer Support and Set Realistic Goals :

A common problem for managers is having no clear, strong sense of whether their
employees are high-performing or not.Do your employees need an incentive to stay on
track? Help them by offering goals that are achievable. Provide clear direction to
supervisors and employees to help clarify expectations. This will help to increase their
productivity, as they will have a clear focus and clear goals.
7. Practice Positive Reinforcement :
Encourage, motivate and reward. Tell employees they are doing a good job and give
constructive criticism. Most importantly, offer personal incentives for doing the job
well.

8. Ensure Employees Are Happy :

A stressful workplace will not yield results. Workers that constantly operate under
highly stressful conditions are found to be less productive and have higher levels of
disengagement and absenteeism … They need to be happy! Showing employees
how much the company appreciates, respects and values them on a personal level is
gratifying – and often overlooked. If you want your staff to work to the best of their
ability, try out a few of these tips and enjoy the benefits.

THANK YOU