Team no.

- 3

Team Manager – Riya Jain Roll no. - 11

Team member ’s name Roll no.

1.Gunjan 1
2.Komal 3
3.Jayant 7
4.Vinayak 10
Graphical representations of
Linear Equations into
variable
 Name – Vinayak Class – X – B Roll no.- 10

 A linear equation in two variables is represented geometrically by a line

whose points make up the collection of solutions of the equation. This is
called the graph of the linear equation. So, to obtain the graph of a linear
equation in two variables, it is enough to plot two points corresponding to
two solutions and join them by a line. However, it is advisable to plot more
than two such points so that anyone can immediately check the correctness
of the graph.
The reason that a, degree one, polynomial equation ax + by + c = 0 is
called a linear equation is that its geometrical representation is a straight
line.
•The graph of every linear equation in two
variables is a straight line.
•x = 0 is the equation of the y-axis and y = 0 is
the equation of the x-axis.
•The graph of x = a is a straight line parallel to
the y-axis.
•The graph of y = a is a straight line parallel to
the x-axis.
•An equation of the type y = mx represents a
line passing through the origin.
•Every point on the graph of a linear equation
in two variables is a solution of the linear
equation. Moreover, every solution of the
linear equation is a point on the graph of the
linear equation
 Name – Riya Jain Class – X-B Roll no.-11

Graphical Method of Solution

In this method, we graph both the equations and then try
to find the intersections. Now in graphing and finding
the possible intersections, there can be three cases that
can occur
1.Unique solution
2.No Solution
3.Infinitely Many Solutions
Unique Solution 
A pair of linear equations in two variables, which has a solution, is called a
consistent pair of linear equations. In such cases, both the lines intersect each
other. 
For example: 
x + 3y = 6 
2x – 3y = 12
Here a1 = 1 , b1 = 3 , c1 = -6
a2 = 2 , b2 = -3 , c2=-12
a1 / a2 = ½ that is not equal to b1/b2 = -1/1
Parallel line or no solution

A pair of linear equations in two

variables, which has no solution, is called
parallel line.
For example 2x + 3y - 4 = 0
4 x+ 6y + 8= 0
Here a1/a2 = b1/b2 but b1/b2
is not equal to c1/c2.
Infinite Solutions or Coincident line

A pair of linear equations in two

variables, which has many solution, is
called coincident line.
For Example 3x+7y+11=0
21x+49y+77=0
Here a1/a2=b1/b2=c1/c2
 Name – Komal Class – X-B Roll no. - 3

HOW ARE LINEAR EQUATIONS USED IN EVERYDAY LIFE?

LINEAR EQUATIONS USE ONE OR MORE VARIABLES

WHERE ONE VARIABLE IS DEPENDENT ON THE
OTHER. ALMOST ANY SITUATION WHERE THERE IS
AN UNKNOWN QUANTITY CAN BE REPRESENTED
BY A LINEAR EQUATION, LIKE FIGURING OUT
INCOME OVER TIME, CALCULATING MILEAGE
RATES, OR PREDICTING PROFIT. MANY PEOPLE
USE LINEAR EQUATIONS EVERY DAY, EVEN IF THEY
DO THE CALCULATIONS IN THEIR HEAD.
COMPANIES CAN ALSO KEEP THEIR RECORD
EASILY BY MAKING GRAPHS .
 VARIABLE COSTS
• IMAGINE THAT YOU ARE TAKING A TAXI WHILE ON VACATION. YOU KNOW THAT
THE TAXI SERVICE CHARGES RS 90 TO PICK YOUR FAMILY UP FROM YOUR HOTEL
AND ANOTHER RS 30 PER MILE FOR THE TRIP. WITHOUT KNOWING HOW MANY
MILES IT WILL BE TO EACH DESTINATION, YOU CAN SET UP A LINEAR EQUATION
THAT CAN BE USED TO FIND THE COST OF ANY TAXI TRIP YOU TAKE ON YOUR
TRIP. BY USING "X" TO REPRESENT THE NUMBER OF MILES TO YOUR
DESTINATION AND "Y" TO REPRESENT THE COST OF THAT TAXI RIDE, THE LINEAR
EQUATION WOULD BE: Y = 30X + 90.
 BUDGETING

• A PARTY PLANNER HAS A LIMITED BUDGET FOR AN UPCOMING EVENT.

SHE’LL NEED TO FIGURE OUT HOW MUCH OT WILL COST HER CLIENT TO
RENT A SPACE AND PAY PER PERSON FOR MILES IF THE COST OF THE
RENTAL SPACE IS RS 780 AND PRICE PER PERSON FOR FOOD IS RS 75, A
LINEAR EQUATION CAN BE CONSTRUCTED TO SHOW THE TOTAL COST,
EXPRESSED AS Y, FOR ANY NUMBER OF PEOPLE IN ATTENDANCE, OR X. THE
LINEAR EQUATION WOULD BE WRITTEN AS Y=75X+780.WITH THIS
EQUATION,THE PARTY PLANNER CAN SUBSTITUTE ANY NUMBER OF PARTY
GUESTS AND GIVE HER CLIENT THE ACTUAL COST OF THE EVENT WITH
THE FOOD AND RENTAL COSTS INCLUDED.
            Name – Gunjan Class – X-B Roll no.-1
Click to edit Master title style

Examples
Q ) R i s h i i s t w i c e a s o l d a s Va n i . 1 0 y e a r s a g o h i s a g e w a s t h r i c e o f
Va n i . F i n d t h e i r p r e s e n t a g e s .
A n s ) I n t h i s w o r d p r o b l e m , t h e a g e s o f R i s h i a n d Va n i a r e u n k n o w n q u a n t i t i e s .
Therefore as discussed above, let us first choose variables for the unknowns.
L e t u s a s s u m e t h a t Va n i ’s p r e s e n t a g e i s ‘ x ’ y e a r s . S i n c e R i s h i ’s p r e s e n t a g e i s
2 t i m e s t h a t o f Va n i , t h e r e f o r e h i s p r e s e n t a g e c a n b e a s s u m e d t o b e ‘ 2 x ’ .
1 0 y e a r s a g o , Va n i ’s a g e w o u l d h a v e b e e n ‘ x – 1 0 ’ , a n d R i s h i ’s a g e w o u l d
have been ‘2x – 10’. According to the problem statement, 10 years ago,
R i s h i ’s a g e w a s t h r i c e o f Va n i , i . e . 2 x – 1 0 = 3 ( x – 1 0 ) .
We h a v e o u r l i n e a r e q u a t i o n i n t h e v a r i a b l e ‘ x ’ w h i c h c l e a r l y d e f i n e s t h e
problem statement. Now we can solve this linear equation easily and get the
result.
2x-10 = 3(x-10)
2x-10 = 3x-30
x = 20 12
           
T h i s to
Click i medit
p l i e sMaster
t h a t t htitle
e c u rstyle
r e n t a g e o f Va n i i s 2 0 y e a r s , a n d
R i s h i ’s a g e i s ‘ 2 x , ’ i . e . 4 0 y e a r s . L e t u s r e t r a c e o u r
s o l u t i o n . I f t h e p r e s e n t a g e o f Va n i i s 2 0 y e a r s t h e n 1 0
y e a r s a g o h e r a g e w o u l d h a v e b e e n 1 0 y e a r s , a n d R i s h i ’s
age would have been 30 years which satisfies our problem
statement. Thus, applications of linear equations enable us
to tackle such real-world problems.

13
 Name – Jayant Class – X – B Roll no. - 7

 Since the solution of linear equation in two variable is a pair of

numbers (x,y), we can represent the solutions in a coordinate
plane.
 Consider the equation,
 2x+y = 6    —(1)
 Some solutions of the above equation are, (0,6), (3,0), (1,4), (2,2)
• All the points say, (p,q) on the line PQ gives a solution
of 2x+y = 6.
• All the solution of 2x+y = 6, lie on the line PQ.
• Points which are not the solution of 2x+y = 6 will not lie on the
line PQ