Triangle Congruence

MAY 19, 2021
OBJECTIVES
1 discuss the idea of congruence;
uses properties of congruence in identifying

2 congruent parts and congruent figures;
3 illustrate triangle congruence; and
solve problems involving congruent parts

4 and congruent figure.
IDEA OF CONGRUE NCE
• In Geometry, identical figures are said

to be congruent if they have the same
size and shape.
• They will fit perfectly if they are

coinciding with each other.
Way s o f Tra n s f o rm a t i o n
1. Rotation (Turn)
Rotation happens
when a figure turns
around a given point.
A figure can be
rotated in varying
degrees either in
clockwise or
counterclockwise
motion.
1. Rotation (Turn)
2. Translation (Slide)
A figure translates if
each of its point
slides in the same
distance and
direction. Remember
that in translation, a
figure slides without
rotating or turning.
2. Translation (Slide)
3. Reflection (Flip)
Each point of the
original figure has
the same distance
from an imaginary
line
to the corresponding
point of another
figure.
3. Reflection (Flip)
C O R R E S P O N D I N G PA RT S
∆𝑨𝑩𝑪 ↔ ∆𝑫𝑭𝑬
Corresponding angles:∠𝑨𝑩𝑪 ↔ ∠𝑫𝑭𝑬, ∠𝑪𝑨𝑩 ↔ ∠𝑬𝑫𝑭 and ∠𝑨𝑪𝑩 ↔ ∠𝑫𝑬𝑭

Corresponding sides: 𝑨𝑪 ↔ 𝑫𝑬 ,𝑪𝑩 ↔ 𝑬𝑭 and 𝑨𝑩 ↔ 𝑫𝑭
Corresponding Par ts of Congruent
Triangles are Congruent (CPCTC)
∆𝐀𝐁𝐂 ≅ ∆𝐃𝐅𝐄 ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐹𝐸

Corresponding congruent parts of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 and ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹
Congruent Angles Congruent Sides
∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐹𝐸 𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐷𝐸
∠𝐶𝐴𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐸𝐷𝐹 𝐶𝐵 ≅ 𝐸𝐹
∠𝐴𝐶𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐸𝐹 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐷𝐹
CONGRUENT POLYGONS
Example 1. Given 𝑸𝒖𝒂𝒅𝒓𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑪𝑳𝑨𝒀 ≅ 𝑸𝒖𝒂𝒅𝒓𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑻𝑹𝑼𝑬, name and
illustrate the congruent parts.
𝑸𝒖𝒂𝒅𝒓𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑪𝑳𝑨𝒀 ≅ 𝑸𝒖𝒂𝒅𝒓𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑻𝑹𝑼𝑬

Congruent Angles Congruent Sides
∠CYA ≅ ∠TEU 𝐴𝐿 ≅ 𝑈𝑅
∠YAL ≅ ∠EUR 𝐿𝐶 ≅ 𝑅𝑇
∠ALC ≅ ∠URT 𝑌𝐶 ≅ 𝐸𝑇
∠YCL ≅ ∠𝐸𝑇𝑅 𝑌𝐴 ≅ 𝐸𝑈
CONGRUENT POLYGONS
Another way of identifying the

congruent parts of two figures
without drawing and labelling the
congruent parts is through the
order of the vertices.
CONGRUENT POLYGONS
Example 2. What are the congruent parts if ∆𝐽𝑂𝑌 ≅ ∆𝑀𝐴𝑁?
CONGRUENT ANGLES
∆𝐽𝑂𝑌 ≅ ∆𝑀𝐴𝑁
∠JOY (First-Second-Third) ≅ ∠𝑀𝐴𝑁 (First-Second-Third)
∠YJO (Third-First-Second) ≅ ∠𝑁𝑀𝐴 (Third-First-Second)
∠JYO (First-Third-Second) ≅ ∠𝑀𝑁𝐴 (First-Third-Second)

CONGRUENT POLYGONS
Example 2. What are the congruent parts if ∆𝐽𝑂𝑌 ≅ ∆𝑀𝐴𝑁?
CONGRUENT SIDES
∆𝐽𝑂𝑌 ≅ ∆𝑀𝐴𝑁
𝐽𝑌 (First-Third) ≅ 𝑀𝑁 (First-Third)
𝐽𝑂 (First-Second) ≅ 𝑀𝐴 (First-Second)
𝑂𝑌 (Second-Third) ≅ 𝐴𝑁 (Second-Third)
NAMING CONGRUENT TRIANGLES
Example 1. Write a congruency statement
between the two triangles as illustrated below.
∆𝐏𝐄𝐇 ≅ _____
∆𝑮𝑩𝑼 ≅ _____
∠𝑶𝑮𝑭 ≅ _____
𝐹𝐺 ≅ _____
PROPERTIES OF CONGRUENCE
Example 1. A parallelogram MORE with diagonal
𝑬𝑶 is shown in the figure. What congruent
statement can be made based on the figure?
Example 2. If ∆𝑀𝐴𝑁 ≅ ∆𝑊𝐸𝐵, is the

congruence statement ∆ 𝑊𝐸𝐵 ≅ ∆𝑀𝐴𝑁 true?
Example 3. Given ∆𝑅𝑂𝑀 ≅ ∆𝐹𝐴𝐷 and ∆𝐹𝐴𝐷 ≅

∆𝑇𝑌𝑈, what side in ∆𝑇𝑌𝑈 is congruent to 𝑶𝑴?
R F T
O M A D Y U
S O LV I N G P RO B L E M S I N VO LV I N G C O N G RU E N C Y
Example 1. Given 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝐿𝐴𝑌 ≅ 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑂𝑃𝐸 with the

following measure of angles and sides: 𝑚∠𝐶𝐿𝐴 = 60, 𝑚∠𝑌𝐴𝐿 = 140 , 𝑚∠𝑃𝐸𝑅
= 120 , 𝐶𝑌 = 11 𝑐𝑚 and 𝑃𝐸 = 6 𝑐𝑚. Find the 𝑚∠𝑅𝑂𝑃, 𝑚∠𝐸𝑃𝑂, 𝑚∠𝐴𝑌𝐶,
𝑚∠𝑂𝑅𝐸, 𝑅𝐸 and 𝐴𝑌.
∠𝑅𝑂𝑃≅∠CLA
𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝐿𝐴𝑌 ≅ 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑂𝑃𝐸 m∠𝑅𝑂𝑃= m∠CLA
R O m∠𝑅𝑂𝑃= 60
60° 60°
∠EPO≅∠YAL
140° 120° 140° m∠EPO= m∠YAL
E 6 cm P m∠EPO=140

𝑚∠𝑂𝑅𝐸, 𝑅𝐸 and 𝐴𝑌. 𝑚∠𝑂𝑅𝐸 = ?
𝑚∠𝑂𝑅𝐸 + 𝑚∠PER+ 𝑚∠OPE+ 𝑚∠ROP=360
R O 𝑚∠𝑂𝑅𝐸 + 120+140+60=360
60° 𝑚∠𝑂𝑅𝐸 + 320=360
60° 𝑚∠𝑂𝑅𝐸 =360 - 320
140° 𝑚∠𝑂𝑅𝐸 =40
140° 120°
E 6 cm P

𝑚∠𝑂𝑅𝐸, 𝑅𝐸 and 𝐴𝑌.
𝑅𝐸 ≅ 𝐶𝑌
𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝐿𝐴𝑌 ≅ 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑂𝑃𝐸 RE = CY
R O RE = 11 cm
60° 60°
𝐴𝑌 ≅ 𝑃𝐸
140° 120° 140° AY = PE
E 6 cm P AY = 6 cm
Example 2. Solve for the value of x, y and z if

∆𝐹𝑅𝐸 ≅ ∆𝑌𝐴𝑍. Also, Find 𝑚∠𝐹𝑅𝐸.
For x:
∠RFE≅ ∠AYZ
m∠RFE=m∠AYZ
x+𝟑𝟎 = 45
x = 45 - 30
x = 15

For y:
∠REF≅ ∠AZY
m∠REF=m∠AZY
2y - 8 = 68
2y = 68 + 8
2y = 76
𝟏 𝟏
x = 15 (𝟐𝒚) = (𝟕𝟔)
𝟐 𝟐
𝒚 = 𝟑𝟖

For z:
𝐴𝑌 ≅ 𝑅𝐹
AY = RF
3z - 8 = 25
3z = 25 + 8
3z = 33
𝟏 𝟏
x = 15 (𝟑𝒛) = (𝟑𝟔)
𝒚 = 𝟑𝟖 𝟑 𝟑
𝒛 = 𝟏𝟏

∆𝐹𝑅𝐸 ≅ ∆𝑌𝐴𝑍. Also, Find 𝑚∠𝐹𝑅𝐸. For 𝑚∠𝐹𝑅𝐸
𝑚∠𝐹𝑅𝐸+ 𝑚∠RFE+ 𝑚∠REF=180
? 𝑚∠𝐹𝑅𝐸+ 45+ 68=180
𝑚∠𝐹𝑅𝐸+ 113=180
45° 68° 𝑚∠𝐹𝑅𝐸 = 180 - 113
𝑚∠𝐹𝑅𝐸 = 67
x = 15
𝒚 = 𝟑𝟖

∆𝐹𝑅𝐸 ≅ ∆𝑌𝐴𝑍. Also, Find 𝑚∠𝐹𝑅𝐸. For 𝑚∠𝐹𝑅𝐸
𝑚∠𝐹𝑅𝐸+ 𝑚∠RFE+ 𝑚∠REF=180
? 𝑚∠𝐹𝑅𝐸+ 45+ 68=180
𝑚∠𝐹𝑅𝐸+ 113=180
45° 68° 𝑚∠𝐹𝑅𝐸 = 180 - 113
𝑚∠𝐹𝑅𝐸 = 67
x = 15
𝒚 = 𝟑𝟖

Triangle Congruence

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Triangle Congruence

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MAY 19, 2021

uses properties of congruence in identifying

3 illustrate triangle congruence; and

solve problems involving congruent parts

• In Geometry, identical figures are said

• They will fit perfectly if they are

Corresponding angles:∠𝑨𝑩𝑪 ↔ ∠𝑫𝑭𝑬, ∠𝑪𝑨𝑩 ↔ ∠𝑬𝑫𝑭 and ∠𝑨𝑪𝑩 ↔ ∠𝑫𝑬𝑭

∆𝐀𝐁𝐂 ≅ ∆𝐃𝐅𝐄 ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐹𝐸

𝑸𝒖𝒂𝒅𝒓𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑪𝑳𝑨𝒀 ≅ 𝑸𝒖𝒂𝒅𝒓𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑻𝑹𝑼𝑬

Another way of identifying the

∠YJO (Third-First-Second) ≅ ∠𝑁𝑀𝐴 (Third-First-Second)

∠JYO (First-Third-Second) ≅ ∠𝑀𝑁𝐴 (First-Third-Second)

Example 2. If ∆𝑀𝐴𝑁 ≅ ∆𝑊𝐸𝐵, is the

Example 3. Given ∆𝑅𝑂𝑀 ≅ ∆𝐹𝐴𝐷 and ∆𝐹𝐴𝐷 ≅

Example 1. Given 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝐿𝐴𝑌 ≅ 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑂𝑃𝐸 with the

Example 1. Given 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝐿𝐴𝑌 ≅ 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑂𝑃𝐸 with the

Example 1. Given 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝐿𝐴𝑌 ≅ 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑂𝑃𝐸 with the

Example 2. Solve for the value of x, y and z if

Example 2. Solve for the value of x, y and z if

Example 2. Solve for the value of x, y and z if

Example 2. Solve for the value of x, y and z if

Example 2. Solve for the value of x, y and z if

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