Integration of Media and

Methods for Content

Development

Dr. Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty

Amity University Uttar Pradesh

 underline and justify the importance of methods
and media in the instructional process;

describe the main features and types of various

methods;

describe the relative strengths and limitations of

Objectives teacher-centered and leamer-centered methods;

present an overview of various media used in

ODL systems;

describe the strengths of different types of media;

and

analyse the procedure of selection of methods and

media

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 As a teacher, we are aware about
the importance of methods and
media in the teaching-learning
process. These two components
are integral part of the
instructional design/process. We
must use the most appropriate
method(s) and media to

Methods and media in the effectively

objectives.
achieve learning

instructional process
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 What are the aims and
Who are the learners? objectives to be
achieved?

For Integration What will be the

content?
How will the content/
experiences/activities
be analyzed and
of Media and sequenced?

Methods ,it is
important to *What teaching
method(s) and media How will the learners
will be selected and be assessed?
know used?

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Methods of Instructions

• Based on your objectives, and organization and sequencing of content, we must

select a particular method or methods to meet our requirements.

• We should remember that there is no single best method to learn or teach all
types of content to all types of learners.

• Some preparation on the part of teachers and students both. We may ask a
question to ourself:

• What method(s) are most appropriate for your learners for the topic you want to
teach or want your students to learn? Once you can answer this question
satisfactorily, you will be able to achieve the pre-fixed learning objectives.
There are various ways to select and integrate methods of teaching.

• Selection of teaching method is appropriate for a particular topic depends on

many factors. For example, the background, age and developmental level, pre-
requisites (knowledge, skills and value system) of the students, nature of the
topic to be taught/learnt, time available, resources and physical environment
/setting in which teaching, and learning takes place should be considered while
selecting transactional strategies or methods.
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Types of methods

TEACHER-CENTERED LEARNER-CENTERED
METHODS METHODS (LCMS)

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Teacher-centered methods

• A teacher-centered method is based on the expertise,

knowledge and experience of the teacher and usually does
not draw on knowledge and experience of the student.
• It positions the teacher as an expert, whose task is to
design curriculum, to define the learners 'needs, to plan
teaching content and to impart knowledge.
• It makes use of informative teaching methods, such as
lectures. It aim is to produce a standard outcome as every
student gets the same body of knowledge. The teacher
imparts the same information content to all the students
expecting that all of them would achieve similar learning
outcomes.

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Learner-centered methods (LCMs)

Negotiated
Teacher as a curriculum Two-way
Experience-based
facilitator: between teacher interaction:
and student

Emphasis on
Differential
Variety of methods collective
outcomes
education

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 Teacher Vs Student

Instructional Methods

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Different types of Emerging methods

Cooperative
Cybernetics Constructivism Role plays
Learning

ICT based Collaborative

Gamification
Education Learning

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 Integration of Media
• 'Media' refers to the process by which the instructional problems
are analyzed and solutions are thought of through the application of
principles of communication and learning, instructional design and
media resources.

• There are various types of media available

• Graphics media: Charts, graphs, models, maps, drawing, etc.

• Photographic media: Print, slides, motion pictures, etc.

• Video media: Television, video tapes, cable TV, teletext 1 videotect,

etc.

• Computer: CAI, CMI, CD-ROMs, internet, etc

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• Audio Media:Telephones, radios , CD
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 Media selection

• A systematic plan for effective instruction demands that methods,

media and materials be selected systematically. An effective
instructional design according to Heinich, et a1 (1996) has three steps.
• These steps are:
• deciding the appropriate method for the given learning
tasks/activities;
• choosing a media format suitable for carrying the method; and
• selecting, modifying, or designing specific materials within that media
format.

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The ACTIONS A = Access

model of Tony C = Costs

Bates (1 997)
comprising T = Teaching and learning functions

the following words

can be used for I= Interactivity

selection of media: O=Organisational Issues

N=Novelty

S= Speed

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Strauss and Frost Institutional constraint

(1999) identified Course Content

the following Learners

nine factors that Teachers

affect selection Teacher-student relationship

of media Location

Time

Media richness

Learning objectives

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To Conclude,

Teachers should be trained to

Selection of appropriate
integrate Media and Methods
methods,media and materials
for creating meaningful
is paramount to effective
learning engagements of the
teaching learning process.
learners with the content.

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Thankyou !!!

• Contact

• Dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty

• rituchakravarty@gmail.com

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