NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT AND

RESEARCH, PUNE.

SUBJECT :-
INTEGRATED BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
PRESENTATION ON: -
FIRE FIGHTING IN HIGH RISE BUILDINGS
GUIDED BY :-
Dr. TUSHAR JADHAV
PRESENTED BY: -
GROUP 14
PP20128 :- MILIND JAGTAP
PP20134 :- JAY PATEL
PP20136 :- AMJAD MALIK
PP20137 :- SHWETA DEVEKAR
 INTRODUCTION
 Numerous questions have arsien as to safety of occupants in high – rise buildings following the World
Trade Center aircraft collision, fire and collapse.
 While occupant safety in buildings due to aircraft impact and collapse has emerged is a front page issue
but safety from fire should be long term goal in high – rise buildings.
 For the purpose of Fire Safety, all buildings 15 m or above in height shall be considered as high rise
buildings ( National Building Code of India 2005 ).
 While implementing Fire Safety in high rise buildings by-laws of Local Govt. are taken into consideration.
CHALLENGES • Modern Open • Movement of • Central Air
floor office smoke within Conditioning
design building – System
Stack Effect

• Difficulty in • Upper floors • Reaction time

Reaching evacuation is generally
Fire Seat only from higher
inside

• Communication • Maintenance • Ventilation is

and of in built very
Coordination protection complicated
difficulty systems and critical

• Access only through • Staircase is availed by

internal staircase fire – fighters and
beyond aerial apparatus occupants
reach simultaneously
 GENERAL FIRE FIGHTING
EQUIPMENTS
• Fire Water Storage Tanks • Fire Hose Reels / Standpipe Systems
• Fire Pumps • Automatic Sprinkler Systems
• Fire Hydrant Systems • Fire Extinguisher

Fire Water Storage Tanks Fire Pumps

Buildings require a dedicated “on-site” Fire pumps are used to boost the water pressure
water storage tank supply of large quantity to sprinkler and standpipe systems. A fire pump
of water may be driven by an electric motor or a diesel
engine
 GENERAL FIRE FIGHTING
EQUIPMENTS
Fire Hydrants
A fire hydrant is a connection point by which firefighters can tap into a water supply. It is a vertical steel pipe
barrel with one or more 2½ inch outlet nozzles for hose connection. Two types of Hydrants are there:

Wet Barrel Fire Hydrant

Dry Barrel Fire Hydrant
Used in warm climates.
Used in freezing climates.
Always filled with water. Get filled with water only when
main pipe open.
Each hose outlet is individually valved,
and can be operated once at a time. As the drain valve open, main
valve get closed so can be used
multiple time.
 GENERAL FIRE FIGHTING
EQUIPMENTS
Standpipe System
A Standpipe systems are a series of pipes which connect a water supply to hose connections, basically an
extension of the fire hydrant system. There are three classes of standpipe systems as per NFPA 14,

Class
Class

Class
• Used by fire department only.
• Located at every level of the
building.
• Must be used in any portion of
a building interior is more
than 200 ft travel from a
nearer fire department access.
• Used in buildings more than 3
stories, shopping malls, open
parking.
• Used by occupants before the
fire departments arrives.
• Required in building 4 stories
or more stories tall.
• Every point of the building
must be within 30’ of the end
of a 100’ hose attached to an
outlet.
• Used in theatres.
• Used by both, fire departments
and occupants.
• Installed in building where the
highest floor level is 30’ above
the lowest level of the fire
department access.
 GENERAL FIRE FIGHTING
EQUIPMENTS
Sprinkler System
It is the component of a fire sprinkler system that discharges water when
the effects of a fire have been detected, such as when a predetermined
temperature has been exceeded.
How Does a Sprinkler System Works ?
The liquid in the glass bulb is designed to
expand and break the tube at a certain
temperature. The most common designed
to breaks are at 155˚F (68˚C).
The plug is forced out by the pressurized
water and deflected away. The water
spread away the deflector plate which is
designed to distribute it in even pattern
directly over the source of the fire.
 GENERAL FIRE FIGHTING
EQUIPMENTS
Fire Extinguisher
It is a device which can be used to control small fires, often used in emergency situations.
Classificati Extinguishing Principle Use
on Agent
Type A Water Wood and Paper Fires – not
Electrical
Type B Foam Flammable Liquid Fires – not
Electrical
Type C Carbon Dioxide Electrical Fires
How to use a Fire Extinguisher ?
Type ABC Dry Chemical Flammable Liquid and Electrical
PA S S
Fires
Pull, Aim, Squeeze and Sweep
Type K Wet Chemical Fat Fires – not Electrical
Type D Special Purpose Suitable for Combustible Metals
PREPAREDNESS

Safe Operating Procedures (SOP)

Staff Members Awareness

Additional Resources

Mock Drills

Evacuation Facility
Fire Prevention Procedures

Fire Protection System

 FIRE FIGHTING
Ventilation
Attacking fire
• Shut-down HVAC
• Identify fire floor
• Stairwell Pressurisation
• Attack on fire floor
• Creating opening at top as
• Life safety of persons in necessary
immediate danger
• Horizontal ventilation –
• Additional resources breaking out window
• Establish support system

Assessing Fire Scenes Lobby control

• Seat of fire • Evacuation through lobby
•
area
How will access be attained?
• Lay-out of building – stair / • Instructions on PA
elevators System
• Fire Hydrants – wet or dry? • Accountability list of fire
fighting personnel
• equipment to mitigate scene
• Building floor plans /
keys
 CASE STUDY: FIRE SAFETY
IN BURJ KHALIFA
• Sprinkler systems, fire alarms, smoke evacuation system
• Optical sprinklers system connected with automatic
system tied with multi
• The stairways made of reinforced with fireproof concrete
• Refuge areas at every 25 floors in case of fire emergency
• Refuge areas are separated from main structure with their
on power system and special room pressurization and air
conditioner system to keep place smoke free. This refuge
area can protect people from fire for 2-3 hours.
• 38 smoke and fire resistant evacuation lift
 CASE STUDY: FIRE SAFETY
IN BURJ KHALIFA
• Fire hose connections are provided in every floor landing of each level as well
in Car park, Kitchen & Loading dock areas.
• Hand held & Ceiling mounted Fire Extinguishers at every workplaces
• Each fire hose connections cover wings & center core.
• Source of water through water tanks & fire pump set
THANK YOU