Bending of Straight Beams

Mechanics of Solids II ME-314

Fall 2020
Dr. Massab Junaid
• Plane of loads: Plane in which the forces that act on a beam
lie.
• If the plane of loads passes through a point (the shear center)
in the beam cross section, so that there is no twisting (torsion)
of the beam.

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Effect of shear center

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• x,y axis are chosen for easy calculation of “I”.
• Moment vector is perpendicular to plane of loads
• The intersection of the bending axis with any cross section of
the beam locates a point C called the shear center

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• The shear center C is located on the axis of symmetry or an
axis of antisymmetry

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Moment of areas

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Parallel axis theorem

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• Neutral axis depends on the direction
of bending

• Direction of bending depends on the

applied load

• Symmetrical bending: neutral axis

coincides with the principal axis

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TRANSFORMATION EQUATIONS FOR MOMENTS
AND PRODUCTS OF INERTIA

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 Non-Symmetrical bending

• Axis of bending does not coincide with a principal axis

direction
• x or y are not neutral axis for angles not equal to 0 or 90.
• Superposition only possible on principal axis
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 Important Points
• Shear center and centroid are not the same for every cross section

• Plane of load must pass through the shear center for no twisting

• Bending stress is always calculated w.r.t principle axis (Ixy=0)

• In symmetrical bending, bending stress is calculated w.r.t one axis only

• In non symmetrical bending, the superposition can only be applied w.r.t

the principle axis

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 Requisites
• Student must know how to determine

– The moment of inertia of a specific cross section

– The principle axis of a beam cross section

– For a given plane of loads passing through the shear

center, whether or not the bending is symmetric

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BENDING STRESSES IN BEAMS SUBJECTED TO
NONSYMMETRICAL BENDING

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Neutral axis

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More Convenient Form for the Flexure Stress

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