Introduction

• Social Problems
Transportation Issues, Solid Waste Management, Crime, Water
Resource Management, Pollution & Population Growth.
• Solid Waste Management is one of the major problem faced by our
country.
• More than 91% of MSW collected is still land filled or dumped on
open land (Department of Economic Affairs, India).
• More than 44% of the population is staying in the urban areas in the
state of Maharashtra, India.
• Pune ranks 2nd in the disposal of garbage.
 Condition of Solid Waste Management

• About 1500-1800 tonnes of solid waste is produced by Pune-950

tonnes segregated.
• 7 transfer centres across Pune are at Katraj, Hadapsar, Aundh, Dhole
Patil road, Paud, Sangamwadi-Nagar road, Warje
• Uruli Devachi Depot- 500 tonnes of garbage dumped.
• Area of depot-163 acres.
• Odofresh and EM solution are sprayed on dumped waste for reducing
odour and for faster decomposition.
• Problems Faced by Surrounding villages
1. Stinking water.
2. Fly nuisance.
3. Children getting prone to Asthama and other respiratory diseases.
4. Mosquito-borne diseases and joint pains due to toxins in water.

• Solid waste supplied to companies.

1. Hadapsar Ajinkya Prakalpa- 200 tonnes.
2. Disha Company- 100 tonnes of mix waste.
3. Rokem green energy at Ramtekdi- 300 tonnes.
• It is mandatory for all the societies formed after 2000 to compost
organic waste as per a PMC ruling and can avail people a 5% rebate
on property tax.
 Treatment of Waste

• Compost • Densified
Green product

Wet Waste Dry Waste

Recyclable Remnant
Waste Waste

• Plastic
• Metal • To Landfill
• Recycled Products
 Leachate
• The major problem after the disposal of solid waste is the formation of
leachate (liquid) due to decomposion of waste and is accelerated due
to rainwater percolation through it thereby extracting suspended or
soluble solids from the decomposed waste.
• The quality of leachate depends upon
1. Rainwater percolation
2. Biochemical processes in the waste
3. Compaction of the landfill
4. Age of waste
5. Seasonal weather variations
6. Waste type and composition
• This fluid possesses a lot of potential to contaminate the groundwater
by infiltrating through the ground if it is not stored properly in
leachate storage tanks.
• Health issues
1. Skin diseases
2. Vomiting and nausea
3. Chronic exposure can lead to anaemia
4. Kidney damage,
5. Prostate and lung cancer
• Many different literatues indicate leachate and ground water
contaminated with heavy metals like Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, Cd, Mn, Fe and
also biological content.
 Treatment of Leachate
• Conventional Treatment
1. Primary sedimentation
2. Aeration
3. Secondary treatment
4. Filtration
5. RO modular
• Non conventional Treatment
1. Recirculation of leachate through the dumped mass (bioreactor).
2. Method of evaporation of leachate can also be used in hot regions.
3. Oxidation ponds
4. Aerated Lagoons
5. Phytoremediation
 Phytoremediation
• It is a technique in which plants are used for decontamination of land
or water through different processes like photosynsthesis, extraction,
mineralization, fixation etc.
• The PMC hires tenders for setting up a plant for a tenure of 6 months
as the production of leachate is only during the monsoon and the plant
runs from August to March.
• The above methods reduce the BOD, TSS, TDS etc. to an acceptable
amount but does not ensure the removal of heavy metals.
• This technique is being used for the treatment of contaminated soils as
well as sewage.
• The purpose of this study is to find out Hyperaccumulators and
Metallophytes.
 Phytoextraction Phytostabilization

Phytovolatization Phytosequestration
Phytoremediation

Phytostimulation Rhizofiltration

Biological Hydraulic
Phytotransformation
Containment
 Scope
• If the plants do not inhibit contaminants in them or even if they extract contaminants
which are not harmful, then these plants can be harvested and made available for
commercial purposes like flowers which are used in banquets can be planted and a
small scale business can be done.
• At the depot where already workers have been appointed for the gardening over the
dumped garbage, they can grow and maintain such plants.
• The soil in which these plants are to be planted should be tested for fertility,
permeability, type of aquifer etc. Also the stratification of ground should be checked
and also the level of ground water. All such subsurface studies needs to be done to
ensure that the leachate which has not been extracted by the plants does not reach
the ground water. And if it does, the level of contamination of leachate should be
within permissible limits. It can be also ensured that the leachate does not infiltrate
into some other adjoining area.