Hemiptera

Hemma Yulfi
Parasitology Dept.
FK USU
Introduction

• Belongs to the class Insecta

• Common name: bugs
• Simple metamorphosis:
eggs→nymph→adult
• Two medically important bugs:
– Bed bugs (family Cimicidae)
– Kissing bugs (family Reduviidae)
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Bed Bugs
The agent

• Cimex lectularis
• Adult 4-5mm in length, 3mm in breadth
• Reddish brown
• Nocturnal feeders
• Thermal sensitive, thermal death point is
44-45ºC

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Bed Bugs
The agent

• After blood meal (10-15mins) retreats to its

hiding place
• Able to endure long fasts
• Can live without any food for over a year
• Migrate from empty house for inhabited area
• Active in warm climate and hibernate in cold
weather

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Bed Bugs
Method of distribution

• Public conveyances and public gathering

places are common avenues for the
dissemination of bed bugs
• Carried easily in clothing, traveling bags,
suitcases, and laundry

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Bed Bugs
Bed bug bites

• The bite effect is vary from light to

marked swelling and irritation
• No convincing evidence that it is a vector
of any human or animal pathogen

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Kissing Bugs

• Also called assassin bugs

• Triatoma spp., Rhodnius prolixus
• Inflammation due to the bugs bite
• Transmit Chaga’s disease
• Domestic and semidomestic species
eggs found in cracks and crevices in the
walls and floos of human habitations
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Kissing Bugs
Chaga’s disease

• Caused by Trypanosoma cruzi

• Symptoms involved Romańa’s sign,
facial edema, long-continued fever, and
anemia
• Only 3 species are vectors for Chaga’s
disease to man: Rhodnius prolixus,
Panstrongylus magintus, and Triatoma
infestans
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Kissing Bugs
Transmission

• If T. cruzi presents in the feces, it gain

access to the tissue through mucous
membranes or abrasion in the skin
• Urticaria and scratching of the bitten
areas increase the risk of infection

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Kissing Bugs
Control

• Good house keeping

• Plaster the cervices and cracks on the
wall
• Residual spraying or fog the room,
furniture, loose wall papers, picture
frames

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Thank you

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