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Classification of Matter Revised
Classification of Matter Revised
Classification of
Matter
Atoms, Elements,
Molecules and
Compounds
PURE SUBSTANCE
Something that can not be
broken down into simpler matter
using physical methods.
Diatomic Gases
But some elements Hydrogen H2
(mostly gases) Nitrogen N2
Oxygen O2
usually exist as
Fluorine F2
diatomic molecules Chlorine Cl2
(groups of 2 Bromine Br2
atoms). Iodine I
Allotropes
Different structural forms of the same element.
O
O2 O3
Monatomic
Oxygen Diatomic Ozone
(Single Oxygen Oxygen Molecule
Atom) Molecule
Allotropes of Carbon
Diamond Graphite
MATTER
yes Can it be physically
no
separated?
Homogeneous Heterogeneous
Mixture Mixture Compound Element
Solutions +
Alloys
What are each
of these?
Atom,
Element,
Molecule,
or
Compound
Four different molecules:
• Which are compounds?
Warmup 11/21/11 (R)
Types of Particles: Atoms or Molecules or Both?
Types of Matter: Elements or Compounds or Mixture?
Chemical Symbols Represent
Elements Chemical
Symbols are
either one or two
letters.
If one letter, it is
always
capitalized.
If two letters, the
first is
capitalized, the
A chemical symbol implies one second is lower
atom of that element. case.
Chemical Formulas show how many
atoms of each element are in one molecule
of an element or compound:
Chemical # of # of atoms # of Carbon
Formula elements total atoms
O2 1 2 0
H2O 2 3 0
C3H8O 3 12 3
C6H12O4Cl 4 23 6
Nuts, Bolts, Washers
Example: BoNuWa2
• All pure substances can be represented by a
H2O
If it’s really a pure substance, you should only need to
write ONE chemical formula to describe it’s composition.
How many atoms of each
element are present in one
molecule of:
(NH4)2SO3
N……………. 2
H…………… 8
S……………. 1
O…………… 3
Practice with Vocabulary:
Methods of Mixture Separation
1) Mechanical Separation (often by hand)
takes advantage of physical properties
such as color and shape.
Example:
Separating Metals in
a Scrap Yard
Methods of Mixture Separation
3) Filtration takes
advantage of
the physical
property of the
state of
matter. A
screen lets the
liquid particles
through, but
traps the solid
particles. Example: Filtering Coffee, Spaghetti
A filter can
also be used
to separate
solid
particles of
different
sizes.
(ex. a window
screen, an air
filter, a sand
sieve)
Methods of Mixture Separation
4) Decanting:
To pour off a
liquid, leaving
another liquid
or solid behind.
Takes
advantage of
differences in
density.