GATHERING INFORMATIONS

FROM
SURVEYS
EXPIREMENTS
and
LET’S HAVE

FUN
 S U R V E Y
Surveys are useful in describing the
characteristics of a large population. No
other research method can provide this
broad capability, which ensures a more
accurate sample to gather targeted
results in which to draw conclusions and
make important decisions.
 E X P I R E M E N T S
An experiment is a procedure carried out to
support, refute, or validate a hypothesis. Experiments
provide insight into cause-and-effect by
demonstrating what outcome.
Performs a scientific procedure, especially in a
laboratory, to determine something. It vary greatly in
goal and scale, but always rely on repeatable
procedure and logical analysis of the results.
 O B S E R V A T I O N
Observation is the active acquisition
of information from a primary sources. In living
beings, observation employs the senses.
It is the action or process of observing something
or someone carefully or in order to gain information.
A remark, statement, or comment based on
something one has seen, heard or noticed.
 How to gather
information
through survey?
SURVEY
1.Decide on your research goals.
2.Create a list of questions.
3.Invite the participants.
4.Gather your responses.
5.Analyse the results.
6.Write a report.
QUESTIONNAIRE BASED-
SURVEY
1. Setup your survey
2. Print your survey form
3. Distribute the survey form to a respondent or interview
the respondent in-person
4. Collect the completed survey form or engage the
respondent in an in-person interview
5. Add a new respondent record
6. Enter respondent information (if provided)
7. Enter responses
8. Conclude survey
 ?
A survey is a data gathering method
that is utilized to collect, analyze and
interpret the views of a group of
people from a target
population. Surveys have been used in
various fields of research, such as
sociology, marketing research, politics
and psychology.
TIPS IN CONDUCTING A SURVEY
Make Sure That Every Question Is
Necessary
Keep it Short and Simple
Ask Direct Questions
Ask One Question at a Time
Avoid Leading and Biased Questions
Speak Your Respondent’s Language
TIPS IN CONDUCTING A SURVEY
Use Response Scales Whenever
Possible
Use Response Scales Whenever
Possible
Avoid Using Grids or Matrices for
Responses
Rephrase Yes/No Questions if
How to gather
information
through
Observation?
 Observation is a systematic data
collection approach. Researchers
use all of their senses to examine
people in natural settings or
naturally occurring situations.
 2 TYPES
OF
SCIENTIFIC
OBSERVATION
 Quantitative Observations
Observations are quantitative if they
return numerical data. When numeric
values are recorded, the observations
are more objective and quantifiable. If
any type of statistical analysis is done,
it is important to make quantitative
observations while using the scientific
EXAMPLE:

In drooping plant, quantitative

measurements could include the
number of days the plant spent
in the sun after it was moved
there. Because the number of
days would be a concrete value,
it would be possible to record
 Qualitative Observations
Qualitative research is when
observations are recorded without
capturing numeric data values. This
type of observation is more subjective
and relies on the researcher's
interpretations of why a particular
event or behavior happens.
EXAMPLE:

A researcher might look at a plant and

state that it looks very brown. This
observation would be in contrast to a
quantitative measurement where the
researcher reported that the plant
leaned 1.27 centimeters (0.5 inches) to
the left.
How to gather
information
through
Experiment?
 Experiment
Experimental data in science
are data produced by a measurement, test
method, experimental design or quasi-
experimental design. In clinical research
any data produced are the result of a
clinical trial. Experimental data may be
qualitative or quantitative, each being
appropriate for different investigations
 When conducting an experiment, it is
important to follow the five basic steps of
the scientific method…
1. Ask a question that can be tested.
2. Design a study and collect data.
3. Analyze results and reach
conclusions.
4. Share the results with the scientific
community.
5. Replicate the results
 Psychologists, like other scientists, utilize the
scientific method when conducting an experiment.
The scientific method is a set of procedures and
principles that guide how scientists develop
research questions, collect data and come
to conclusions. The four basic steps of
the process are: Forming a Hypothesis
 Data collection is the process of
gathering and measuring
information on targeted
variables in an established
systematic fashion, which then
enables one to answer relevant
questions and evaluate outcomes