Natural

Disasters
Natural disasters are naturally occuring destructive
indidents,without the mediation of man, causing harm to
human lives,property,environment and economy.

SOME NATURAL DISASTERS

Drought , Landslide , Flood , Lightning , Forest Fire ,

Cyclone , Earthquake , Tsunami , Tornado and Glacier
Erosion.
 **Long term decreases of rain fall ,
due to the change of the pattern of
rain fall is known as drought.
DROUGHT
 REASONS FOR DROUGHT
• Lack of timely monsoon winds
• Dry air currents
• The phenomenon of EL-NINO

Method of rain fall Time period Region / Zone

South - West monsoon May - September Wet zone

North - East monsoon November - February Dry zone

Convectional / Intermonsoonal March - April All regions

rain September - October
 Natural Causes
Dry winds
EL-NINO phenomenon

CHANGE OF
RAINFALL DROUGH
Scarcit
PATTERN. y of T
Human DECREASE OF
water

Activities RAIN FALL.

Ireggularwater usage
Irregular soil usage
Deforestation
 DROUGHT DISASTER
MANAGEMENT

*Rediness to face the disaster.

*Mitigation of the damages caused by the
disaster.
*Adaptation to live with the disaster.
 SOME OF THE MEASURESTHAT CAN BE
TAKEN IN DROUGHT DISASTER
MANAGEMENT ARE GIVEN BELOW
63%
*Avoiding the wastage and pollution of water.
*Planning agricultural activities
30
% with the view of
conservation of water.
*Improving mathods of collecting
96
%
rain water.
*Reforestation.
*Usage of alternatives to45 hydropower for the
%

generation of power.
 **Innudation of a usually
uninundating area , do heavy
rain fall in a short period of
time is known as a flood.
FLOODS

*Floods due to over - flowing.

*Instantaneous floods.
 Reasons for floods

*HIGH RAIN FALL .

*REMOVAL OF FOREST
COVER .
*IRREGULAR LAND USE .
*IRREGULAR LAND
FILLING .
Food Images
 INFLUENCES DUE TO FLOODS

*LOSS OF LIVES.
,

*DAMAGE TO HOUSES , PROPERTY

AND ROADS.
*FAILURE OF POWER SUPPLY ,
TRANSPOTATION AND PUBLIC
SERVICES.
 MANAGEMENT OF FLOOD DISASTER

*Leaving partially inundated houses as it is dangerous

to stay in them .
*Having identified a place and a method to keep goods
securely during a flood .
*Having identified an elevated place to reach for
security.
*Having prepared with a battery-powered radio.
 **Slipping down of soil layers in slopy regions in
highlabds can be considerrd as a landslide.

LANDSLIDE / Landslides are a common disaster in cental hills of Sri

EARTH SLIP Lanka. Those areas are Badulla,Nuwara
Eliya,Mthale,Kandy,Kegalla,Monaragala,Kurunegala,Rathn
apura,Kaluthara,Galle,Mathara and Hambantota
districts.

What is happeningduring a landslide is the slipping down of a lump of soil

or a layer of soil upon another layer under gravity.
Landslide Images

03

02
 Pre-signs of a landslide

*Receiving more than 100mm of rainfall within 24 hours.

*Appearing new cracks on the surface of the slope.
*Appearing cracks on buildings.
*Depressions on earth.
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*Dying or slanting of trees on slopes.
*Appearing new 02water springs.

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 Management of landslides

S
*Removing the slide initiation area.
*Evacuating people from the areas subjected to landslides earlier and
let the areas be stabilized.
*Bringing down water using pipe lines when it is collected in higher
levels of a hill.
*Diging conteur ditches to drain rain water down the slope without
letting it soak into soil.
 **Positive charges collect in the top layers of the cloud
and negative charges collect in the bottom layer of the
cloud.Positive charges are generated on the earth ,
right below the cloud.When the amount of charges
LIGHTNING reach certain level, an electrical discharge occurs.It is
AND known as lightning and thundering.
THUNDERING

 Earth - Lightning is a electrical discharge

that transfer from cloud to the earth.
 Cloud - Lightning is an electrical discharge
that transfer through the cloud or
between two clouds.
 Air - Lightning is an electrical discharge
that transfrom a cloud in to a air.
LIGHTNING AND
THUNDERING IMAGES
 MANAGEMENT OF LIGHTNING HAZARDS

*Avoid keeping the house connected to close-by trees with metallic wires.
*Conducting wires in the environment.
*Refraining from using and touching metal equipments.
*Refraining from using telephones.
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THINGS TO AVOID DURING LIGHTNING The user can demonstrate on a
projector or computer, or print the
presentation and make it film

20
*Refraining of being near tall trees and elevated places.
*Refraining from riding or driving open vehicles like cycles
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and tractors. The user can demonstrate on a
*rrefraingfrom swimming, canoeing and walking onprojector
wet
or computer, or print the
presentation and make it film
places.
NATURAL DISASTER IMAGES
Thank MINUSHI
you MEHANSA
8A
NO 09