Basic Telecommunication

Concept
 01
Definition of
Telecommunications
Tele: far
Communication: the delivery of information or the relationship
between one point with another point

Telecommunication :
1. Submission of information or the relationship between one point
to another point that is far away
2. Technology used to communicate over long distances
 Telecommunication Network
Basics
Three technologies are
required to communicate
over a telecommunications
network:
1) Transmission

2) Switch

3) Signaling
 It's a
telecommunica
tions division,
You can see
any part of
these
telecommunica
tions sections
This is the year the telecommunications history was discovered
Telecommunications History
1844 Morse sent the first telepgraph message
1876 Telephone patent issud by Alexander Graham Bell
1877 The first telephone in the customer’s house
1881 Fisrt long-distance line; from Boston,MA, to Providence,RI
1889 A.B Strowger invented the telephone exchange and the telephone to
dial
1891 Submarine telephone cables, from England to France
1915 The First intercontinental telephone call in the USA
1929 Coaxial cable invented
1947 Transistor invented
1951 Long distance direct relationship
1956 The First transatlantic telephone cable
1960 The First electronic central test
1963 Push button service introduced
1965 First collect call try
1970 Laser light discovery
1976 First digital central installation
1977 Installation of the first optical system
1988 The first transatlantic fiber optic cable
1989 First FFTH test in Cerritos, CA
1990 Demonstration of 2000 km fiber optic link using an optical amplifier
without a repeater
 Definition of Telecommunication Network
 A system formed from the interconnection of facilities
designed to carry traffic from various telecommunications
sources
 Traffic: information contained in the network, flowing
through nodes and links
 Traffic: The use of telecommunications facilities (channels,
connection devices, control devices, etc.) as measured by
time/amount of data
 The basic purpose of a telecommunications network is to
transmit information from one user to another user on the
network
 Users of a public network are called subscribers
 Information that comes from the user can vary (can be
voice, data or images)
 Subscribers can access the network using various access
networks (cellular, fixed etc.)
TELECOMUNICATION NETWORK COMPONENTS

 Node : represents the center/CPE

 CPE : Customer Premise
Equipment (equipment available to
the customer)
 Telephone, Fax machine,
Computer etc
 Link: implemented with various
physical media (twisted pair,
coaxial cable, optical fiber, etc.)
 Network Definition
 The network is a system that is connected with a certain pattern and
purpose of an object or person
A set of systems that are interconnected by something that is shared.

There are several types of networks

 communications
 transportation
 social
 biological
 utilities
these are parts of the network. you can see it in this picture

03. Results
Here you could describe the
topic of the section

02. 04. Conclusions

Here you could describe the Here you could describe the
topic of the section topic of the section
 Standardization
 The telecommunications network is designed to serve a
variety of users who use a variety of devices from
different vendors
 To plan and build a network effectively, we need a
standard that guarantees interoperability, compatibility,
and economically required performance.
 An open standard is needed to allow interconnection of
systems, devices and networks from different vendors
and operators
 Standard Organizations
 National standards authority
Setting the official standards of a particular country
o Indonesia : Minister of Communication and Information
o English : British Standards Institute (BSI)
o Germany : Deutsche Industrie-Normen (DIN)
o America: American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
 Global standards organization
Setting international standards
 Global Standard Organizations (1)
ITU: International Telecommunication Union
United Nations specialized agency in charge of telecommunications
Divided into two standard bodies:
 ITU-T (the letter T comes from the word telecommunications)
 Comes from CCITT (Comité Consultatif International de Télégraphique
et Téléphonique, or International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative
Committee)
 Publish recommendations for public telecommunications networks
 ITU-R (the letter R comes from the word radio)
 Comes from CCIR (Comité Consultatif International des
Radiocommunications or International Radio Consultative Committee)
 Publish recommendations related to radio aspects such as frequency
usage around the world
 Global Standard Organizations (2)

ISO/IEC : The International Standards Organization/International

Electrotechnical Commission
 Information technology standard organization
 ISO plays a role in data communication standards and protocols
 IEC plays a role in standards covering aspects of electromechanical (such
as connectors), environment and safety
IETF: Internet Engineering Task Force
 Responsible for Internet architecture
 Set the standardization of the TCP/IP protocol for the Internet
 Standards Body (1)
 Indonesian Standards Body
BRT : Telecommunications Regulatory Agency
 European Standards Body
 ETSI: European Telecommunications Standards Institute An independent
body that sets standards for the European community Example: GSM
standard
 CEN/CENELEC: European Committee for Electrotechnical
1. Standardization/European Committee for Standardization
2. Information technology standardization body
 CEPT: Conférence Européenne des Administrations des Postes et des
Telecommunications
1. Before there was ETSI, doing the work that ETSI did
 Standards Body (2)
American Standards Agency
 IEEE : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
1. International association of electrical engineers
Example standard: LAN
 EIA: Electronic Industries Association
1. American electronics manufacturer organization Standard
example: RS232
 FCC: Federal Communications Commission
1. American government regulatory agency
 TIA: Telecommunications Industry Association
1. Tasked with adapting world standards into the American environment
Thank you