Fleet Management Training Institute

THE MANAGEMENT OF WASTE GENERATED

ON BOARD

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PREVENTING, CONTROLLING AND MINIMISING WASTE

STREAMS

 Successful environmental management means Preventing, Controlling and

Minimizing waste generation at their sources

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PREVENTING, CONTROLLING AND MINIMISING WASTE

STREAMS

 The EMS section of the Company’s SMS identifies various waste streams which need to be considered
and controlled

 Activity (Trainees to identify streams, minimization, control & disposal strategy)

Annex 3
Click to open

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ENGINE ROOM AND MACHINERY SPACE BILGE WATER

Disposal methods
 Bilge water accumulated in Engine room bilges must be treated strictly in accordance with applicable MARPOL
Regulations, and should only be pumped out through an operational Oily Water Separator, evaporated in an
approved Evaporation Tank or landed to shore reception facilities
 Use Checklist EMS -06 for shore disposal of bilge water or sludge.
 EMS -06 click to view

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MACHINERY SPACE BILGE WATER

 Bilge water accumulating in other spaces such as the forepeak store needs to be visually inspected to ensure no oil
content prior discharge overboard
 Discuss chemicals, Soot, Rust, Biological contaminants and detergents in Bilge Water and how they interfere with
the operation of the OWS
 As far as practicable, bilge water retention should be minimized and maintained below 50% of the retention tank
capacity at all times during a voyage

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HANDLING OF MACHINERY SPACE (ENGINE ROOM)

BILGE WATER

 The OWS shall be operated only during day light hours, under the direct responsibility of the Chief
Engineer and in agreement with the Master
 The bridge watch keeping officer shall also be notified and he shall keep a sharp eye overboard for any
oil sheen
 In case of doubt the operation should be stopped immediately
 While discharge through the Oily Water Separator could be from the accumulation in Bilge Wells and /
or from the Bilge Holding Tank, it is our Company’s requirement that such discharges should only be
made from the Bilge Holding Tank
 The bilge lines and sludge lines are to be independent from each other except for the common
discharge to shore reception facilities (if an interconnection is fitted)
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HANDLING OF MACHINERY SPACE (ENGINE ROOM)

BILGE WATER

 The interconnection is normally to be used for discharge of bilge water through the MARPOL
Connection on deck, and not for routine transfer of bilge water to any tank in the sludge system
 The interconnection valve should be closed and sealed with an environmental seal
 Oil Content Meters which are compliant with MEPC 107(49) will record the Start, Stop and Alarm
Status during each operation
 It is important that prior making an entry in the ORB, the Chief Engineer cross checks the OWS Start
and Stop timing with the data recorded in the OCM memory
 Discuss - reference to sounding log

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EVAPORATION TANK
 The purpose of installing the Evaporation tank onboard vessels is to improve the bilge water handling
capability and address some of the problems that a typical Oily Water Separator faces in dealing with
Muddy Water and chemicals
 To ensure Evaporation tank works efficiently it is very important that the Evaporation tank is regularly
hosed down with fresh water as there is a possibility of salt deposition at the bottom of the tank and on
the steam coils which if not removed will reduce the heat transfer rate.
 If during cleaning, Salt and other residues are removed physically these should be stored and disposed
off to shore reception
 Never allow the bilge water level to fall down below steam coils, transfer water from the Bilge
holding tank to continue the process

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CLEAN DRAIN TANK

Clean drains mean internal drains such as those resulting from the leakage of condensate from equipment
used for seawater, fresh water, steam, air conditioning, etc., which are not normally contaminated by oil.
However, there is no guarantee that there would not be any presence of oil in the water
For this reason:
 The contents of the Clean Drain Tank (CDT) must be checked / monitored before / during discharge
overboard to prevent oil pollution.
 Preferably, a separate OCM should be fitted on the CDT discharge arrangement.
 If no separate OCM is fitted, the CDT should be pumped out through the OWS.

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SLUDGE MANAGEMENT
 Sludge should be incinerated unless the ship is within Port limits or in an area where incineration in general or incineration of the type
of Sludge on board is prohibited.
 In case the Incinerator is not able to cope up with the Sludge generation or if the Incinerator is malfunctioning, the vessel should avail
of the reception facilities provided in ports for sludge disposal
 Sludge retention should not exceed 50% of the total sludge retention capacity

Operation of Incinerator
 Simple and clear instructions detailing the start-up, checks, operation and shutdown of the equipment should be clearly posted at the
location
 Incinerators combustion chamber gas outlet temperature shall be monitored at all times when the unit is in operation
 If incinerator is of the continuous-feed type, waste shall not be fed into the unit when the combustion chamber gas outlet temperature
is below 850°C

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OPERATION OF INCINERATOR

 However, the introduction of sludge oil, generated during normal operation of a ship, into a
continuous-feed type incinerator during the warm-up process at combustion chamber temperatures
above 500°C in order to achieve the normal operation combustion chamber temperature of 850°C is
allowed
 Company allows the incineration of Plastic provided it has the IMO type-approval certificate for same
 North American ECA -200 Nm Incineration is allowed regardless of the fuel used.
 Incinerator use in the Baltic Sea is prohibited.

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OPERATION OF INCINERATOR
 A Notice regarding items prohibited from incineration and that incinerator is not be used in port or at anchor is
to be displayed at the Incinerator

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SEWAGE MANAGEMENT
MARPOL Annex IV Regulation 11 prohibits the discharge of sewage to sea except if the conditions specified in the regulation are
met. The following is a summary of the conditions:
1. Raw sewage may only be discharged to sea if the vessel is more than 12 nm from nearest land.
2. Sewage that has been comminuted and disinfected may be discharged to sea if the vessel is more than 3 nm from nearest land.
3. Sewage that has been treated in a Sewage Treatment Plant plant that has been approved by the Administration may discharge the treated
effluent in all waters.
4. Sewage that has been stored in a holding tank may not be discharged instantaneously but at a moderate rate while the ship is en route,
more than 12 nm from land and proceeding at a speed not less than 4 kts; the rate of discharge shall be approved by the Administration.
5. Some Port States prohibit the discharge to sea of even treated sewage effluent when vessels are in certain geographical areas under their
jurisdiction. The following are examples:
 Turkish ports
 Ukrainian ports
 ‘NDZ’s (No Discharge Zones) in the U.S.A. as specified by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) from time to time.

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OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENT OF THE SEWAGE

TREATMENT PLANT

Following factors should be taken into account in addition to flag state & local port state requirements:
 The Sewage plant (if fitted) should ALWAYS be in operation whether the vessel is at sea or in port.
 The sewage plant MUST NOT be by-passed or switched off at any time without first obtaining authorization from the office,
except during maintenance activities.
 Disinfection of sewage must be properly maintained at all times.
 The chlorine tablet adding container / Disinfectant solution is to be checked daily and if necessary chlorine tablets / solution
should be added. This is to be recorded in the Sewage Log (Log 5 of EMS 02).
 Simple and clear instructions detailing the start-up, checks, operation and shutdown of the equipment should be clearly posted at
the location.
 The direct overboard valve must be properly identified, shut and locked when the plant is being operated.
 In ports where even the treated water is not allowed to be discharged, the plant overboard valve is also to be kept shut and locked

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GARBAGE MANAGEMENT

Garbage Management Plan Discuss cooking oil disposal and recording – only
Click to open land ashore and record it in GRB.
Disposal of EGE wash water – overboard discharge
is not permitted
Water component should be either evaporated and
Dry soot component shall be landed ashore as
garbage
Discuss - Special Polar Water discharge requirement

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GARBAGE MIXED WITH FOOD WASTE

 Food wastes have the potential to transfer unwanted / harmful organisms from one area / country to
another.
 Some countries require garbage mixed with food waste to be segregated. The U.S.A. is an example.
 If food wastes or garbage mixed with food wastes are to be landed ashore in such countries, they must
be properly bagged and sealed to prevent spillage.
 All garbage must be contained in leak-proof containers that are properly covered and are within the
ship’s railings. Heavy fines (USD 1000 in USA) can be levied if this is not so.
 It is good practice to store garbage containers on a deck above the main or poop decks and as far away
from the ship’s side as practicable.

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DRY CARGO RESIDUES

 Dry cargo residues, dry cargo residues in Hold wash water and Hold cleaning additives / chemicals may be
discharged to sea outside special areas, provided they are not Hazardous to the Marine Environment (HME).
 The discharge to sea of cargo hold bilges from a loaded Hold is allowed and not treated as garbage, provided
the cargo is not HME.
 The shipper’s declaration should state whether the cargo is HME.
 Within special areas, discharge to sea of dry cargo residues / wash water containing dry cargo residues and
additives is prohibited unless certain conditions are met. These conditions are specified in MARPOL Annex
V and summarized in the Garbage Record Book.
 Retention on board of dry cargo residues must be minimized through better collection of residues at the
Discharge port.

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CHAIN LOCKER EFFLUENT

State how to minimize following waste stream:

 Chain Locker effluent

Use anchor wash, hose down anchor chain while picking up anchors
Stress upon- You must always ensure that anchors and chains are effectively cleaned of mud, as part of the
vessel’s biofouling management plan

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Thank You

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