GENDER AWARENESS

DEVELOPMENT
 LEARNING GOAL

This lesson will equip the participants with

the basic knowledge on gender concepts
and effects on gender issues on women
and society
 PRESENTATION
OBJECTIVES
• Differentiate sex and gender;

• Discuss the Gender Awareness and

Sensitivity

• Identify the gender issues and concerns;

• Discuss and develop a vision of a gender-fair

society
 PRESENTATION
OBJECTIVES
• Recognize the manifestation of Gender Bias

• Discuss the Sexual Orientation and Gender

Identity

• Discuss the different laws for Women and

Children

• Discuss Men Opposed to Violence against

Women Everywhere (MOVE) Orientation
 Legal Bases
 Commitment to non-discrimination was
reiterated by the international community
in a the following covenants:

 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

(ICESCR)
 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)
 Convention on the Elimination of All forms of Discrimination Against
Women (CEDAW)

 Beijing Platform for Action (BPFA) – calls for actions on 12

areas of concern affecting women and girl-children

 Article II Section 14 of the Philippine Constitution also provides

for the equal treatment of women and men
 Legal Bases
 RA 7192 “Women in Nation Building Act” (1992);

 RA 9710 “Magna Carta of Women” 2009

 RA 8551, otherwise known as PNP Reform and

Reorganization Act (1998);

 Sec 27 of RA 8760 otherwise known as the General

Appropriation Act of 2000;
 Legal Bases
Creation of Family Juvenile Gender and Development
Division (FJGADD) 2002

PNP Memorandum Circular 2004-02 re-PNP Guidelines

in the Implementation of GAD Program vis-à-vis
Utilization of the GAD Funds representing 5% of the
Agency Budget (2004)
Session 1
Basic Concept of
SEX and GENDER
 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Sex refers to the TWO categories of being Male
and Female – needed for the act of mating to result
in biological reproduction.

Sex is biologically determined (external genitalia or

sex organ; chromosomal make-up; qualities of
hormones)
 Gender Defined
Gender-refers
Gender- to the differentiated social
roles, behaviors, capacities, intellectual,
emotional and social characteristics
attributed by a given culture to women and
men. It is what makes one masculine or
feminine

Gender-is
Gender socially determined and a
learned behavior
 SEX GENDER
BORN WITH SOCIALLY CONSTRUCTED

CANNOT BE CHANGED CHANGEABLE

- only women can give birth - women can do traditionally
- only men can produce male jobs
sperm - men can take good care
of children
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 Sex and Gender Roles
• Sex role function - role which male or female
assumes because of basic physiological or anatomical
differences
Reproductive Function
MALE FEMALE
Ovum fertilization Gestation
Sperm determines sex of Child Bearing
child

Lactation
 Sex and Gender Roles
• GENDER ROLE

– roles assigned to men and women based on

their gender

– refers to activities which are considered

appropriate and acceptable for boys or girls;
men or women.

– part of gender norms; it is society’s evaluation

of behavior as masculine or feminine
Female gender roles are associated with
appropriate concepts of

Feminity

and traits such as:

• submissiveness
• modesty

• nurturance
 Male gender roles are associated with
appropriate concepts of

Masculinity

and traits such as:

•dominance
•assertiveness
•Independence
 Picture Association Game

•What comes to your mind when you see a picture .

•The participants will then classify if the picture is for

a WOMAN (girl) or MAN (boy).

•The answer should come at the snap of the fingers.

 GENDER STEREOTYPES
It is the tendency or attitude, to ascribe
particular traits, characteristics and roles
distinctly to men and particular traits,
characteristics, roles distinctly to women.

The assumption behind stereotyping is that

the ascribed attributes of men apply to all
men and that of women apply to all women
in a given society.
 The confusion between sex and
gender gives rise to such stereotypes as:
Men:
Physically stronger, then, they
are better engineers, architects, welders
or carpenters. They are the protectors of
women.
Women:
Physically weak, then, they need protection
from men. They are better nurses,
teachers, secretaries, and retail salespersons.
They need to be protected by men.
The confusion between sex and gender
gives rise to such stereotypes as:
Men:
Bravery, aggressiveness, independence, and
the ability to control emotions are traits of men.

Women:
Timidity, passivity, while emotionally dependent
demonstrative, loving, self sacrificing and being
peaceful are traits of women.
The confusion between sex and gender
gives rise to such stereotypes as:
Men:
Work is the center of their lives. Reason is the
basis for decision-making. Decisive.

Women:
Relationship both within and outside the family
is the center of their lives. Intuition is basis of
decision-making. Whimsical and fickle minded
The confusion between sex and gender
gives rise to such stereotypes as:
Men:
More fit to be leaders, head of families, business
enterprises, social and political organizations,
states, armies and communities.

Women:
More fit to take secondary roles .
 Gender Division of Labor

GENDER ROLES
MALE FEMALE

Productive
Role
Community Role
 Roles of Women and Men
WOMEN MEN

Reproductive • Childbearing and child rearing •Provider, joint

Role • Organizing of households responsibility
Productive • Rural Areas: often disguised in subsistence • Often “primary” income
Role economy or domestic work earners
• Urban Areas: many in small scale enterprises • Often organized
(“informal sector: mainly in household (often around this role i.e.,
disguised) and neighborhood level) workers’
• As ‘secondary’ income earners, make a organization/trade
critical contribution to income of poor unions
households
• Female headed may be sole income earner
Community- Community managing: Community politics:
level Role • Is an extension of reproductive role into • Organized at formal
community action political level i.e.,
• Because services they need in reproductive traditional decision-
role not/badly provided making structures;
Community politics: • Leaders (often paid)
• Tend to be leaders by virtue of relationship
with other men
• Rank and file (voluntary)
 Traditional gender roles divide men and
women from each other.

Deny women access to the public world of:

*Work *Power

*Achievement *Independence

Deny men access to:

*The Nurturant *Emotive
Other oriented world of domestic life.
However, the good news is

Gender Roles do change.

Let’s Review
 Differentiating sex and gender
SEX GENDER
Biological Fact Socially and culturally
constructed
Natural attribute that a Created, produced,
person is born with reproduced and maintained
by social institutions
Natural. Born. Fixed. Acquired/learned. Can be
unlearned.
Sex characteristics are Gender characteristics are
universal not universal. It may differ
from society to society.
 Differentiating sex and gender
SEX
Sex characteristics are
equally valued and equally
important
Uses terms like male and
female
Fixed. Sex roles can be
performed by only the male
or the female
Constant regardless of time
place
GENDER
Gender characteristics are
marked by inequality
Uses terms like masculine
and feminine
Interchangeable. Gender
roles can be performed by
both sexes
Time and place-bound
 Session 2
Gender and
the Role of Social Institutions
• Gender roles are deep-seated in the
culture, as well as, in the belief and value
systems of the society.

• Pervasive social control further reinforce,

maintain and sanction gender roles.
• Social institutions reinforce social
values that boys and girls, men and
women; are not only different from
each other, but also, they are not
equal.

• Boys and men have more value than

women.
“Gender roles in our society are
acquired via the process of
socialization
rather than biologically
determined.”
 Socialization
The process by which an individual learns to
conform to the norms of the group where one:
- is born with
-internalizes these norms
-acquire status
-plan corresponding roles
 4 Processes of Socialization
Manipulation
refers to ways where parents deter or encourage
behavior on the basis of appropriateness in
regards to gender

Canalization
*refers to the way in which parents channel the
child's interests in activities in conjunction with
gender as deemed appropriate.

53
 4 Processes of Socialization
Verbal Appellations
use of language to label children in a way
that reinforces appropriate gender
identification.

Activity Exposures
activities conformity to norms and practices
that reinforces appropriate gender
identification.

54
 SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
• perpetuates the assignment of characteristics
associated with women and men

• influences gender roles socialization

• Mechanism of social control that maintains

gender roles

55
 Mechanisms of Social Control:
The Social Institutions
– consist of laws, customs, folkways, and
fashion that strongly influence, if not shape
individual behaviors so that those would
conform to group demands

– internalized so that society’s moral

demands and standards become
constitutive elements of the
individual’s personality
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
 Social Institutions: FAMILY
… has the most
influence because
the formative years
of every individual is
almost always spent
with and developed
by the family.
 Social Institutions:
Education/School
… the formal
school system
promotes and
encourages
the different
gender roles
between men
and women.
Sex segregation system….
Gender stereotype roles in
teaching
materials and selection of
courses
59
 Social Institutions: RELIGION
…. Reinforcing gender
stereotypes through
religious teachings,
doctrines and
symbols

*Good women/wife as martyrs,

self sacrificing and conservatives
Affecting reproductive choices
 Social Institutions: WORK

… gender discrimination
in relation to occupation
and pay
… Balance of family life
and work
… Question of power
relations as well access
and control to resources
Illustration – Time Line discussion
 Social Institutions: MASS MEDIA

… reinforcing gender
stereotypes and sex based
discrimination through
media portrayal of men
and women

Commodification of women’s bodies…

docile homemakers… macho men
 Social Institutions: THE STATE

… Creates laws
and policies that
ensure the
maintenance of
the system.

• Instrumental in
passing laws that are
discriminatory to
women and other
sexual orientations.
 Did you know that…

The Revised Penal Code gives different grounds for adultery and
concubinage – an offense referred to in the Family Code as
sexual infidelity.

For the wife, sexual infidelity means one act of sexual intercourse
with other men.

For the husband, it is sexual intercourse under scandalous circumstances,

keeping another woman in the conjugal abode or cohabitation with her
in another dwelling.

64
GENDER ROLES RESULT IN GENDER
BIASes
Su
bo

n
tio
r di
a na
iz
t io
l
Violence
na

n
gi
ar
M

Personal

Ge
nd en
er urd
ste b
reo
lt i ple
ty pin Mu
g
 Manifestations of Gender Bias
Manifestations Roots Forms

Marginalizatio Economic Lower Wages

n Last hired, first fired
Little or no access to loans
Women are not recognized for
their valuable work
Women have less access to and
control over resources and
benefits
Subordination Political Less women in elective or
appointive positions
Women in lower positions in
bureaucracy
Few women in policy-making
level
 Manifestations of Gender Bias
Manifestations Roots Forms
Gender Socio Women portrayed as
Stereotyping cultural homemakers/virgins or as
tempress/sinner

Multiple Burden Socio Child rearing

cultural Housework
Office work
Farm work

Violence Political, Wife beating cuts across classes

Against Women socio- still not considered a crime and
cultural regarded a private family
matter. Reported cases of rape,
incest and sexual harassment
increasing
A system must be needed to address disparities
between the genders and ensure effectiveness of
development programs

“Gender and Development”

Why GAD?
GAD is about being faithful to the principle that…

Fairness and equity demands that

everyone in society, whether male of
female, has the right to the same
opportunities to achieve a full and
satisfying life.
 Further…
GAD is about recognizing that gender biases
impede development because:
- they prevent people from attaining their full potentials
(which will enable them to become effective contributors
to development)
Gender issues are deterrents to development.

Thus, it is important to address them in

development planning.
AND DELIBERATELY ADDRESSES THEM…

In the processes of developing,

budgeting, implementing, monitoring and
evaluating programs, projects and
services, particularly in government
agencies.

71
 MORE IMPORTANTLY,

a gender-responsive development is crucial in

attaining GROWTH with EQUITY

GROWTH, because GAD empowers women to be

effective as half of the national producers of goods
and services

EQUITY, because it aims to provide more to those

who have less according to needs

72
WHY US ?
Gender issues affect all of us. But
instead of solving them, we all
contribute to their perpetuation.
Everyone who believes in the vision of
attaining a full and satisfying life for all
has an obligation to help pursue GAD
 WHY US ?

We are mandated by international

treaties/commitments, laws and policies

We are custodians of peoples’ trust and

resources. We have the power,
knowledge, skills and resources to make
development work for everybody
 Gender Mainstreaming
• Means raising people's GAD awareness and
building GAD-related capabilities; putting in
place policies, structures, systems, and
mechanisms that would facilitate and
institutionalize the pursuit of gender
equality and women’s empowerment.
What is GAD Mainstreaming?
• Inclusion of a gender perspective in
the design and implementation of
plans and programs to carry out
agency mandates

• Allocating adequate logistics for the

conduct of gender-responsive
activities in the regular programs of
the organization.

 The annual GAD Plan and Budget is

the tool used to ensure that these
are carried out by agencies and
LGUs
• People
• Policies
Policies Mechanisms

• Enabling Devt.
Plans
&
Legislations
&
Procedures
Structures

mechanisms
• Programs and
Projects

Four entry points to GAD

mainstreaming
 Policy
• Official statements and
pronouncements of support for
gender mainstreaming
– Department Orders
– Executive orders
– Guidelines

• Policy Enhancement/ Improvement

• GAD Framework/GAD Strategic

Plans
 People
(sponsor, change agent, target, advocate)

 Top management express

support for Gender
Mainstreaming

 Recognition of GFPS and staff

members as GAD experts

 Clients (internal and external)

able to participate in the
planning, implementation and
M&E of PAPs
 Enabling Mechanisms
• GFPS System
• Capability building on GAD
• Database with SDD/GS
• GAD M&E
• Knowledge Management (KM)
System on GAD
• GAD Plan and Budget
• Networking efforts (developing
networks and evolving
partnerships)
• Other GAD mechanisms
Programs, Activities and
Projects
• Review and issuance of revised
policies towards GM
• PAPs establishing enabling
mechanisms for GM
• Application of GA tools
• IEC Campaigns
• Creation and regular updating of
GAD corner and website
 Planning

People

Monitoring Programs/ Programming

Policies & Budgeting
and Projects
Evaluation

Enabling
Mechanisms

Implementation
 Levels of Gender Mainstreaming
Level 5
Replication and
Level 4 Innovation
Level 3 Commitment
enhancement and
GAD
institutionalization
Application
Level 2
Installation of
strategic mechanisms
Level 1
Foundation
Formation
 PNP’s Mandates on the Implementation of
the Magna Carta of Women (MCW)
Section 12: Protection from Violence
•Set policies, rules and regulations for
the incremental increase on
recruitment and training of
policewomen
•Monitor and evaluate establishment
and functionality of the VAW desk
with the DILG, C/MSWDO, City/MHOs
and representative/s from LGU-
accredited women CSOs
 PNP’s Mandates on the Implementation
of the Magna Carta of Women (MCW)
Section 16. Equal Access and
Elimination of Discrimination in
Education, Scholarships, and
Training
•With DepED, CHED and TESDA
provide appropriate assistance to
female faculty and students who
are victims or rape, SH and other
forms of VAW
 PNP’s Mandates on the Implementation
of the Magna Carta of Women (MCW)
Section 18. Women in the Military,
Police and Other Similar Services
•Increase quota to 20% for female
admission in all officer-candidate
and non-officer schools and
institutions in the military, police
and similar services
 PNP’s Mandates on the Implementation
of the Magna Carta of Women (MCW)
Section 32. Peace and Development
•The AFP in coordination with LGUs,
PNP, DOH, and DSWD to institute
measures to protect civilians in
conflict affected communities with
consideration of the specific needs of
women and girls.
 PNP’s Mandates on the Implementation
of the Magna Carta of Women (MCW)
Section 34. Services and
Intervention for WEDC
•PNP, BJMP, BuCor, NBI, BI, LGUs
and other concerned agencies to
ensure detention areas and prisons
have segregated facilities and
health and sanitation services for
women and men
 PNP’s Mandates on the Implementation
of the Magna Carta of Women (MCW)

Section 37. GM as a Strategy for

Implementing the Magna Carta of
Women
C. Creation and/or Strengthening of
the GAD Focal Points
•Representative from the Women’s
Desk of the PNP to serve as a
member of the GFP Executive
Committee of LGUs
GAD IN THE
PNP
 Essence of GAD:

Gender Equality National

GAD and Women
Empowerment Development

Elimination of Gender Economic

Discrimination/Inequality Social
Full Development of Political
women
Participation of women
Where do we go from here?
A. PERSONAL
• Start from your own body - understand how your
own attitude and values perpetuates gender based
discrimination and stereotypes (sexism and violence)
• Educate yourself about the issue
• Confront and act on the issue- be a personal
advocate!
Where do we go from here ?
B. Organizational
•desegregate data by sex;
•attain balance in various positions
(esp. top and decision-making positions); and
•stop gender discrimination in
recruitment, hiring, training, promotion
• adopt a GAD plan of action (review content of training
programs; develop tools, conduct GRP, participate in inter-
agency activities on
GAD, etc.)
 Organizational level

ADVOCACY!
• Building basis of unity- working for the common
good
• Coalition – trust building and transparency
• Sharing power and control
• Commitment, Consistency
and Continuity
• Celebrate our Success!
Is it just women who can be
gender-sensitive?
No.

Anyone can be
gender-sensitive

96
 Being Gender Sensitive is
understanding that this:
means taking women and men seriously

• SEEING – women and men, what they actually do, rather than
relying on assumptions

• HEARING – women and men, their needs, priorities and

perspectives

• COUNTING – valuation of women’s work

• RESPECTING – women and men’s views and human rights

• CARING – about women and men and what happen to them

through development programs
97
 How then can you say that one is gender
sensitive?

 You respect every person/individual, regardless

of age, ability (physical or mental), belief/religion,
educational attainment, race, ethinic group, status
in society, marital status, region of origin, color,
sexual orientation and gender identity

98
 SOGI, So What?

MABILISANG CHIKAHAN SA SEXUAL

ORIENTATION AT GENDER IDENTITIES
 Review Lang:
Sex and Gender

Sex is a physiological condition, determined by

biological make up. (Male, Female or Intersex)

Gender- are social constructs, sets of roles and

expectations of society of how individuals should act
(upon birth, the society assigns this to us based on our
genitalia)
• SOGI - Sexual Orientations and
Gender Identities
• At the UN, use of SOGI can be
traced to Yogyakarta Principles
(Nov 2006)
• In response to various forms of
SOGI based violations.
• The first UN document to expressly
link HR to SOGI
• Not enforceable but interpretive,
towards development of
standards.
Sexual Orientation:

Refers to each person’s capacity for

profound emotional, affectional and sexual
attraction to, and intimate and sexual
relations with, individuals of a different
gender or the same gender or more than
one gender
The expression of desire/attraction
is your sexual orientation.
Heterosexual—towards
members of the opposite
sex.
Bisexual—towards
members of both sexes.
Homosexual—towards
members of the same sex.
Sino ang bet mo?

Same Both Opposite

Homo Bi Hetero
 Gender identity is defined by the
individual
Refers to each person’s deeply felt
internal and individual experience of
gender, which may or may not
correspond with the sex assigned at
birth, including the personal sense of
the body (which may involve, if freely
chosen, modification of bodily
appearance or function by medical,
surgical or other means) and other
expressions of gender, including
dress, speech and mannerisms.
Beyond the masculine man
and feminine woman
Transgenders are those who
were born of one sex but
identifies with the gender of the
opposite sex. Some go through a
process of transitioning.
LGBT
What’s the fuss?
In the end, these are just labels for conditions
—physiological, psychological and
sociological.
In an ideal world,
sex, sexual
orientation and
gender identity
are incidental.
But in a heavily prejudiced society, these
conditions result in negative judgments and
biases against those that are perceived to be
different by the mainstream.
The many ugly implications
Stereotyping.
Invisibility.
Marginalization.
Stigma.
Inequality.
Persecution.
The “moral” of the story is
We live in a world of diversity.
SOGI should not be used for unequal treatment
and discrimination.
SOGI should be discussed
Everyone should re-assess notions on and
attitudes toward sex, gender and SOGI.
 SOGI, So What?
• There are people outside of the masculine
men and feminine women constructs and
binary;
• Equality requires that we consider all human
beings in our programs and strategies;
• Our programs and strategies should focus on
vulnerable groups.
Dapat kina-career.
Equality and empowerment are the
objectives.
Philippine Laws for
Women and Children
 1935 Philippine Constitution

ARTICLE V – SUFFRAGE
Section 1. The National Assembly shall extend the right of
suffrage to WOMEN, if in a plebiscite which shall be
held for that purpose within two years after the adoption
of this Constitution, not less than three hundred
thousand women possessing the necessary
qualifications shall vote affirmatively on the question.
 1987 Philippine Constitution
ARTICLE II - Declaration of Principles and State Policies

Section 14. The State recognizes the role of women in nation-

building, and shall ensure the fundamental equality before the law
of women and men.

ARTICLE XIII - WOMEN

Section 14. The State shall protect working women by providing

safe and healthful working conditions, taking into account their
maternal functions, and such facilities and opportunities that will
enhance their welfare and enable them to realize their full
potential in the service of the nation.
The law grant privileges for women:
• Leave
• Shorter hours of work
RA 6955 – MaiI Order Bride Act of 1989
An act to declare unlawful the practice of matching
Filipino women for marriage to foreign nationals on a
mail order basis and other similar practices, including
the advertisement, publication, printing or distribution of
brochures, fliers and other propaganda materials.
 RA 7192 – Women in Development
and Nation Building of 1991

An act promoting the integration of women as full and

equal partners in development and nation building
and for other purposes
Section 7. Admission to Military Schools – Any
provision of the law to the contrary notwithstanding,
consistent for appointment, admission, training,
graduation and commissioning.
 RA 7610 – Special Protection of Children against
Child Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act

An act providing for stronger deterrence and

special protection against child abuse, exploitation and
discrimination, providing penalties for its violation
and, for other purposes.

Child- refers to person below eighteen (18) years of

age or those over but are unable to fully take care of
themselves or protect themselves from abuse,
neglect, cruelty, exploitation or discrimination because
of a physical or mental disability or
condition;
 Child abuse
• refers to the maltreatment, whether habitual
or not, of the child which includes any of the
following:
(1) Psychological and physical abuse,
neglect, cruelty, sexual abuse and emotional
maltreatment;

(2) Any act by deeds or words which

degrades or demeans the intrinsic worth and
dignity of a child as a human being;
 Child abuse
(3) Unreasonable deprivation of his basic
needs for survival, such as food and shelter;
or

(4) Failure to immediately give medical

treatment to an injured child resulting in
serious impairment of his growth and
development or in his permanent incapacity or
death.
 Comprehensive program against child
abuse, exploitation and discrimination
• refers to the coordinated program of services
and facilities to protect children against:
(1) Child Prostitution and other sexual abuse;
(2) Child trafficking;
(3) Obscene publications and indecent shows;
(4) Other acts of abuses; and
(5) Circumstances which threaten or endanger
the survival and normal development of
children.
 QUESTION?
• MAAARI NA BANG MAGTRABAHO
ANG ISANG 15 YEAR OLD NA BATA?
– YES,  if the child works directly under the sole
responsibility of his parents or legal guardian
and where only members of the employer's
family are employed and
– employment neither endangers his life, safety
and health and morals, nor impairs his normal
development
 RA 7877 – Sexual Harassment Act

An act declaring sexual harassment

unlawful in the employment, education or
training environment, and for other
purposes
 Anti-Sexual Harassment Act
WHERE
1.Workplace - Office
2.Educational Institution - School
3.Training Institution – Training Center

WHO
1.has authority
2.Influence
3.moral ascendancy over another in a work
Boss, manager, employer, agent, teacher,
instructor, professor, coach and trainer
HOW
1.Demands
2.Requests
3.Requires any sexual favor from the other,
 RA 8353 – Anti Rape Act
AN ACT EXPANDING THE DEFINITION OF THE CRIME
OF RAPE, RECLASSIFYING THE SAME AS A CRIME
AGAINST PERSONS, AMENDING FOR THE PURPOSE
ACT NO. 3815, AS AMENDED, OTHERWISE KNOWN
AS THE REVISED PENAL CODE, AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES
HOW COMMITTED

 By a man who shall have carnal knowledge of a woman

under any of the following circumstances:

a)Through force, threat, or intimidation;

b) When the offended party is deprived of reason or
otherwise unconscious;
c) By means of fraudulent machination or grave abuse of
authority; and
d) When the offended party is under twelve (12) years of
age or is demented, even though none of the
circumstances mentioned above be present.
HOW COMMITTED
By any person who, under any of the circumstances
mentioned in paragraph 1 hereof, shall commit an
act of sexual assault by inserting his penis into
another person's mouth or anal orifice, or any
instrument or object, into the genital or anal orifice
of another person.

RPC- Crime against chastity

- only women are victims

RA 8353- Crime against persons

- both men and women may be victims
 RA 8972 – Solo Parents Act of 2000
An Act providing for benefits and privileges to solo
parents and their children, appropriating funds
therefore and for other purposes.  
 SOLO PARENT
•A woman who gives birth as a result of rape
and other crimes against chastity;

•Unmarried mother/father who has preferred to

keep and rear he/his child/children;

•Any other person who solely provides

parental care and support to a child or
children;

•Any family member who assumes the

responsibility of head of family as a result of
the death, abandonment, disappearance or
prolonged absence of the parents or solo
parent.
• Parent left solo or alone with the responsibility
of parenthood due:
• death of spouse;
• Spouse is detained
• physical and/or mental incapacity of spouse as certified
by a public medical practitioner;
• legal separation;
•abandonment of spouse for at least one (1) year
•declaration or annulment of marriage as decreed by a
court or by a church as long as he/she is entrusted with
the custody of the children;
Benefits
• Parental leave for seven (7) days in a year
• Scholarship for solo parents (technical skills)
• Low cost housing projects
• Health care program (DOH)
 RA 9208 – Anti Trafficking In Persons
Act of 2003

An Act to institute policies to eliminate

trafficking in persons especially women and
children, establishing the necessary
institutional mechanisms for protection and
support of trafficked persons, providing
penalties for its violations and for other.
Human smuggling v trafficking in persons
 Act Means Purpose
T
-Recruitment -Threat or -Exploitation
R
use of force A
-Transport -Prostitution F
-Coercion F
-Transfer -Slavey
-Abduction
I
-Harbouring -Forced Labor C
-Fraud K
-Receiving of -Removal of Organs I
persons -Deception
N
G
 Section 6. Qualified Trafficking in Persons. - The following are
considered as qualified trafficking……among others;
. . . . .(f) When the offender is a member of the military or law
enforcement agencies;
 Section 10. Penalties and Sanctions.
. . . . (c) Any person found guilty of qualified trafficking under
Section 6 shall suffer the penalty of life imprisonment and a fine of not
less than Two million pesos (P2,000,000.00) but not more than Five
million pesos (P5,000,000.00);
RA 9262 – Anti Violence Against Women
and their Children Act of
2009
An Act Defining Violence Against Women and Their
Children, providing for protective measures for victims,
prescribing penalties therefore, and for other purposes.
WHO ARE THE VICTIMS
-Wife

-former wife

-has or had a sexual or dating relationship

-with whom he has a common child,

-child whether legitimate or illegitimate

 RA 9262
VIOLENCE:
• Physical
• Sexual
• Psychological
• Economic or Financial

PROTECTION ORDERS - aims to prevent further acts of

violence against a woman or her child.

• Barangay Protection Order (15 days) –issued by the PB or BK

• Temporary Protection Order (30 days)- issued by court

• Permanent Protection Order (PPO) - Issued by the court and

shall remain permanent upon valid grounds
 WHO MAY APPLY FOR PROTECTION ORDERS

(a)the offended party;

(b) parents or guardians of the offended party;

(c) ascendants, descendants or collateral

relatives within the fourth civil degree of
consanguinity or affinity;

(d) officers or social workers of the DSWD or

social workers of local government units
(LGUs);
 WHO MAY APPLY FOR PROTECTION ORDERS

(e) police officers, preferably those in charge of women

and children's desks;

(f) Punong Barangay or Barangay Kagawad;

(g) lawyer, counselor, therapist or healthcare provider

of the petitioner;

(h) At least two (2) concerned responsible citizens of

the city or municipality where the violence against
women and their children occurred and who has
personal knowledge of the offense committed
Battered Woman Syndrome (BWS) as a Defense. –
Victim-survivors who are found by the courts to be

suffering from battered woman syndrome do not incur any

criminal and civil liability.

 Problem No. 1
Last Jan P1 Juan Dela Cruz EB Chatmate. JDC 143
Chatmate. After 9M chatmate equals JR. JDC split
Chatmate. On Dec Chatmate files VAWC.

QUESTION: Is PO1 JDC liable for RA 9262? and Why?

Problem No. 2

Last February, Mario (OFW) heard that his wife had a

BF. The following month, he sent all his remittances to
his parents. Because Mario’s wife did not receive any
money, she filed a case of RA 9262.

QUESTION: Is Mario liable for RA 9262? and Why?

 RA 9710 – Magna Carta of Women
The Magna Carta of Women is a comprehensive
women's human rights law that seeks to eliminate
discrimination against women by recognizing,
protecting, fulfilling and promoting the rights of
Filipino women, especially those in the marginalized
sectors.
Sec. 9 – Protection from Violence
a.) within the next 5 years, there shall be an
incremental increase in the recruitment and training
of women in the police force, forensics and medico-
legal, legal services to be 50 % of the personnel
thereof shall be women

Sec. 15- Women in Military

Women in military shall be account the same
promotion privileges and opportunities as men
 RIGHTS OF WOMEN
• Protection from all forms of violence (RA 9262)

• Protection and security in times of disaster, calamities and other crisis situations;
(First to be recued)

• Participation and representation (Politics)

• Equal treatment before the law

• Equal access and elimination of discrimination against women in education,

scholarships and training (UN Mission, Schooling Abroad)
• Equal participation in sports (badminton/ table tennis)
• Non-discrimination in employment in the field of military,
police and other similar services (female generals)
• Non-discriminatory and non-derogatory portrayal of women
in media and film (Commercial and poster)
• Comprehensive health services and health information and
education (vaccines)
• Special leave benefits (maternity)
• Equal rights in all matters relating to marriage and family
relations (Right to own properties)
 RA 9775 – Anti-Child Pornography
Act of 2009

An act defining and penalizing the crime of child

pornography, prescribing penalties therefor and for
other purposes
Child – a person regardless of age who is presented,
depicted or portrayed as a child

- computer-generated, digitally or manually

crafted images or graphics of a person who is
presented or who is made to appear to be a child

Child Pornography – refers to any representation,

whether visual, audio or written combination by
electronic, mechanical, digital, optical, magnetic
or any other means, of a child engaged or involved in
real or stimulated explicit sexual activities
 Unlawful or Prohibited Acts

– to hire, employ, use, persuade, induce or

coerce a child to perform in the creation or production
of any form of child pornography

- to produce, direct, manufacture or created by

form of child pornography

- to publish, transmit, sell, distribute, broadcast,

advertise, promote, export or import any form of child
pornography

- to posses any form of child pornography with

the intent to sell, distribute, publish or broadcast
 RA 9995 – Anti Photo and Video
Voyeurism Act
An act defining and penalizing the crime of photo and
video voyeurism, prescribing penalties therefore and
for other purposes. The State values the dignity and
privacy of every human person and guarantees full
respect for human rights. Toward this end, the State
shall penalize acts that would destroy the honor,
dignity and integrity of a person.
 Prohibited acts
• take photo or video coverage of a person or group of
persons performing sexual act or any similar activity or

• an image of the private area of a person/s such as the

naked or the undergarment clad genitals, pubic area,
buttocks, or female breasts without the consent of person/s
involved and
under circumstances in which the person/s has/have
reasonable expectation of privacy

• copy or reproduce, or cause to be copied or reproduced

• sell or distribute

• publish or broadcast
 Lets Review
1.1987 Phil Const. – Protection for working women
2.RA 6955 – MOB
3.RA 7192 - WIN
4.RA 7610 – CA
5.RA 7877 – SH
6.RA 8353 – R
7.RA 8972 – SP
8.RA 9208 – TIP
9.RA 9262 – VAWC
10.RA 9710 – MCW
11.RA 9775 - CP
12.RA 9995 – PVV
Men Opposed to Violence against
Women Everywhere (MOVE)
“Women do two-thirds of the
world’s work. They produce 60 to
80 percent of Africa’s and Asia’s
food, 40 percent of Latin America’s.
Yet they earn only one-tenth of the
world’s income and own less than
one percent of the world’s property.
They are among the poorest of the
world’s poor.”—May You Be the Mother
of a Hundred Sons, by Elisabeth Bumiller.
Despite the significant
role played by women in
the society , oftentimes,
they are taken for
granted and worst, even
subjected to all type of
prejudice, abuses and
violence
 Facts on VAW…
From the womb to the grave, women fall victim to
violence, according to the United Nations’ Human
Development Report. Studies from around the world reveal
the following:
Before birth. In some countries tests are
made to determine whether a fetus is male or
female. Females are often aborted.

In childhood. In Barbados, Canada, the

Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, and the United
States, 1 woman in 3 reports having been sexually
abused during childhood or adolescence. In Asia
and elsewhere, about one million children—mostly
girls—are forced into prostitution each year. Millions
of girls worldwide suffer genital mutilation.
 Facts on VAW…
In adulthood. In Chile, Mexico, Papua
New Guinea, and the Republic of Korea, 2 out
of every 3 married women are victims of
domestic violence. In Canada, New Zealand,
the United Kingdom, and the United States,
1 woman in 6 has been raped.

In later life. More than half the women

murdered in Bangladesh, Brazil, Kenya, Papua
New Guinea, and Thailand were slain by past or
present partners. In Africa, South America,
several Pacific islands, and the United States,
marital violence is a leading cause of female
suicide and death.
 Facts on VAW…

“MEN ARE THE PERPETRATORS

OF VAW”

INDIRECT:

 Remaining silent
Condoning VAW because it
is a private matter.

 Indifference - lack of
concern
and interest
 Facts on VAW…
Why men batters women?

Possessiveness and jealousy, as

well as sexual inadequacy and low
self-esteem, are usual
characteristics of men who batter
women,

Battering is one way the

inadequate man tries to prove his
masculinity.

Male abuser uses violence as a

tool to maintain control and
demonstrate his power over his
marriage mate.
 Facts on VAW…

Women depend on each other...

Men are too shy to display deep concern and
interest on the issue …
 STATISTICS
VAW cases Reported in the
PNP for the period Jan-Dec
2013
GBV Cases 23,865
Related Cases 400
ex: Murder,
Homicide,
Parricide
Total 25,430

Statistics of PNP Personnel with Administrative Complaints in

Relation to RA 9262 and other GBVC for CY 2013
PCO 77
PNCO 755
NUP 1
Total 833
 ORIGIN:
White Ribbon Campaign
The White Ribbon Campaign (WRC) is the largest
effort in the world of men working to end violence
against women (VAW). In over fifty-five countries,
campaigns are led by both men and women, even
though the focus is on educating men and boys. In
some countries it is a general public education effort
focused on ending violence against women.
 ORIGIN:
White Ribbon Campaign
The First White Ribbon Campaign was launched by a
group of men in Canada after the brutal mass shooting of 14
female students at the University of Montreal. These men
decided they had a responsibility to urge men to speak out
about violence against women. Wearing a white ribbon would
be a symbol of men's opposition to violence against women.
With only six weeks of preparation, 100,000 men across
Canada wore a white ribbon, while many others were drawn
into discussion and debate.
 What does it mean to wear a white
ribbon?
Wearing a white ribbon is a personal
pledge to never commit, condone or remain
silent about violence against women and
girls. Wearing a white ribbon is a way of
saying, “Our future has no violence against
women.”
 What is MOVE?

MOVE (Men Opposed to Violence Against

Women Everywhere) is an organization of
men whose members have dedicated
themselves to be actively involved in
eliminating all forms of discrimination
against women particularly violence
against women (VAW)
 WHY IS MOVE ORGANIZED?
 MOVE admits and fully understands that violence against
women is a violation of human rights.

 VAW perpetrators are mostly men.

 Anti-VAW Groups have focused on women as victims

or potential victims.
VAW EQUATION:
Women
(As victims/ potential victims)
+
M E N
=
Elimination Of VAW
 HISTORY: MOVE
• National Commission on the Role of Filipino Women
(NCRFW) now Philippine Commission on Women (PCW)
focused their campaign on Awareness-raising on VAW in
2002-2003
• After the passage of two landmark legislations: RA 9208
and RA 9262, the succeeding years focused on the
popularization of the newly passed laws, strengthening
their implementation and building a network of male
advocates of VAW.
 HISTORY: MOVE
 MOVE was convened by men from various
organizations, including the government,
private sector, academe and non-government
organizations through the initiative of the
National Commission on the Role of
Filipino Women (NCRFW) on November 27,
2006 during the commemoration of the 18-
Day Campaign to End VAW.
 2006: 18-Day Campaign to End VAW
Two (2) Historic Events:
 Proclamation 1172
Declaring November 25 to December 12 of every
year as the 18-day Campaign to end violence
against women
 Launching of MOVE and it’s theme song:
“Kumilos Mga Kalalakihan”

Composed and sung by

Mr. Noel Cabangon
  MOVE Poster was also launched

VP Noli De Castro unveils the MOVE Poster during

the 18-Day Campaign to end VAW
 2008:First MOVE National Congress

 Teleconference with four sites: Quezon City, Lucena City, Boracay

and Davao.
 Registration with the Securities and Exchange Commission
 Institutionalize MOVE as an NGO with different MOVE Chapters
 MOVE Chapters
MOVE Quezon Chapter MOVE Aklan Chapter
MOVE PNP MOVE Sultan Kudarat Chapter
MOVE Lanao Del Sur MOVE DSWD
MOVE BJMP MOVE NTRC Chapter
MOVE BSL MOVE Southern Leyte Chapter
MOVE Northern Samar Chapter MOVE Western Samar Chapter
MOVE UP College of Law Chapter MOVE Mountain Province Chapter
MOVE Olongapo City Chapter MOVE DILG Chapter
MOVE NHA Chapter MOVE DDB Chapter
PNP MOVE
Directorate for Police Community Relations (Attn: FJGADD)
Tel. (02) 723-0401 to 20 local 3433 / E-mail : pnp_move@yahoo.com.ph
MOVE PHILIPPINES, INC
c/o Philippine Commission on Women
1145 J. P. Laurel St., San Miguel, Manila
Tel. (02) 735-1654 local 122 / E-mail : move_sec@yahoo.com
PNP and MOVE Phils Inc. Partnership

Finding a common interest, the PNP thru

FJGADD and MOVE Phils Incorporated
agreed to work together to eliminate GBV
cases through intensive advocacy programs
within the organization and clients, hence,
the PNP MOVE Chapter. .
 MOVE PNP Summit Campaign to End VAW
Male-dominated agencies such as the Philippine National Police
conducted their MOVE Orientations in different regions

02/17/22 180
 HISTORY: PNP MOVE
• The MOVE Philippines, Inc.
accredited/recognized the PNP as its
chapter (January 29, 2009).

• MOVE-related activities were

incorporated in the PNP GAD Plan for
2009 and the succeeding years.

• The PNP participated in the Annual

General Assembly and Election of the
Board of Trustees of MOVE (March 31,
2009 and December 2, 2011).
 HISTORY: PNP MOVE
• The PNP conducted the 1st PNP MOVE
SUMMIT on January 14-15, 2010 at
Boso-Boso Highland Resort and
Convention Center, Antipolo City.
More than 400 PCOs and PNCOs
attended the summit and applied for
MOVE membership.

• PNP MOVE Regional Chapters were

created.
 HISTORY: PNP MOVE
2nd PNP MOVE Summit
Cebu Business Hotel

The 2nd PNP MOVE Summit was held on

September 1-2, 2011 at the Cebu Business
Hotel with 400 participants from the
different PNP units.
 HISTORY: PNP MOVE

The 3rd PNP MOVE Summit was held on

November 13-15, 2013 at the Royal Mandaya
Hotel, Davao City with 160 participants from
the different PNP units..
 HISTORY: PNP MOVE

The 4th PNP MOVE Summit was held on

August 12-13, 2015 at the Green Leaf
Hotel, General Santos City with 170
participants from the different PNP units.
 HISTORY: PNP MOVE

The 5th PNP MOVE Summit was held on

November 20-22, 2017 at the Hotel Supreme
Convention Plaza, Baguio City with 184
participants from the different PNP units.
 PNP MOVE Officers (2017-2018)
PNP MOVE President, Nat’l Chapter - PSUPT ERIC DAMPAL (PRO11)
Executive Vice President - PSUPT FERDINAND ALEJO (NCRPO)
Vice Pres. for Northern Luzon - PSUPT RICARDO SANTIAGO JR (PRO3)
Vice Pres. for Southern Luzon - PSUPT CONRADO BUNYI (NCRPO)
Vice Pres. for Eastern Visayas - SPO4 Egmedio Felisan (PRO7)
Vice Pres. for Western Visayas - PSINSP EDWIN LUCES (PRO6)
Vice Pres. for Eastern Mindanao – PSUPT RUDY CUYOP (PRO13)
Vice Pres. for Western Mindanao – PSUPT BERNRAD TAYONG (PRO12)
Secretary -PSUPT FRANDE ECHALUCE (PRO5)
Asst Secretary - SPO2 Michael D Pontoy (PRO6)
Treasurer: PSUPT JOSE HERRERIA JR. (LSS)
Auditor: PSUPT JEROME DELA CRUZ (PRO13)
PRO for Luzon – SPO4 Fernando Galang (PDEG)
PRO for Visayas – PCINSP JESUS RICO ESOY (PRO8)
PRO for Mindanao – PCINSP FERNANDO GREGORIO (PRO9)
 PNP MOVE Plan

 MOVE Forum
 Public Consultation re VAW
 Lectures/Orientation/Seminars
 Barangay Pulong-pulong
 MOVE School Caravan/Visitation
 Ugnayan with NGOs/
Stakeholders
 TV and Radio Interview
 Lectures and Advocacy Programs to new
PCOs and PNCOs (Recruits)
MOVE at LSS
MOVE at CSG
MOVE at AKG
MOVE at RPSB (NCRPO)
MOVE at SAF (Fort Sto.
Domingo)
MOVE at PNPA
MOVE at NCRTC
MOVE at RTS 3
MOVE at CARTC
MOVE at Camp Crame
MOVE at PRO1
MOVE at PRO2
MOVE at PRO3
MOVE at PRO4A
MOVE at PRO4B
MOVE at PRO5
MOVE at PRO6
MOVE at PRO7
MOVE at PRO8
MOVE at PRO9
MOVE at PRO10
MOVE at PRO12
MOVE at PRO13
MOVE at PROCOR
MOVE at PROARMM
MOVE at NCRPO
MOVE at NPD
MOVE at QCPD
MOVE at EPD
MOVE at MPD
MOVE at SPD
MOVE at Finance Course
MOVE at SAF Bicutan
MOVE at ITG (BIC)
 MOVE Pledge
As a firm advocate and partner to eliminate VAW
I vow:
Never to commit Violence Against Women and
Children.
Never to condone Violence Against Women and
Children.
Never to remain silent about Violence Against Women
and Children.
I commit to join and support the MOVE organization’s
advocacy to contribute the Government efforts in the
elimination of Violence Against Women and Children.
So help me God.