“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.

”
Objectives:
• Develop understanding on the basic
concepts on Gender and Development
(GAD)
• Use GAD basic concepts in conceptualizing
GAD activities to be included in the plan
• Show appreciation of the basic concepts
as inputs in planning.

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Let’s work together...

LEAD, EMPOWER, AND ACHIEVE THROUGH DATA-DRIVEN DECISIONS

…where LEADers create great schools
 nagluluto Naghahanap-buhay

leader nagsisibak naglalaba

Nagpapa-aral sa nagbubuntis
mga anak

doctor magsasaka

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
masinop at masipag sperm

vagina nagpapahalaga
sa pamilya

breast feeding mahinhin

mapusok penis

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
office head karpentero driver

Egg cell mainitin ang ulo maarte

martilyo supportive
naglilinis

engineer testes

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
male female
sperm
nagbubuntis vagina

penis breast feeding

testes Egg cell

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 Male Female
Penis, testes Uterus, ovary
(androgen and (estrogen
testosterone), and progesterone)
scrotum, sperm, vas ovum, vagina,
deferens, etc. clitoris, etc.

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Look!

...variable,
social and cultural
characterization of what
men and women are …

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 nagluluto Naghahanap-buhay

leader nagsisibak naglalaba

Nagpapa-aral sa
mga anak

doctor magsasaka

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 SEX GENDER
• Given at birth • Culturally and
Male or Female socially dictated
– Masculine or
•Congenital and Feminine
biological

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 SEX GENDER

• Permanent • Variable
 Constant even – Differ in societies
in different – Differ at times
countries
 Constant even
in different
times

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 SEX GENDER
“What you “What happens
were born afterwards”
with” due to social
and cultural
conditioning

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Sex
….refers to the biological and
physical characteristics of a
person
….man has a penis and the
woman has a vagina and a uterus

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Gender refers to …
set of qualities, differentiated
roles or responsibilities, attitudes,
and values assigned by culture
and society to women and men

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Gender refers to …
expectations, held about the
characteristics, aptitudes, and
likely behaviors of both
women and men

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
…gender-linked
characterization or “definition”
dictates or influences what the
woman or man should do and
what the woman or man can
be….

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
….it influences the FULFILLMENT
OF HUMAN RIGHTS (women’s
rights)

RULE IV

Rights and
Empowerment
Sections 11 to 22 of
IRR

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
… it therefore dictates or
influences men’s and
women’s development and
that of society’s ……

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 …these gender-linked
perceptions of:

Individuals

Families
Institutions
Can develop…evolve…mature into
gender-biases and issues…

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Development
full and satisfying life for ALL…
…a life where rights are fulfilled and
respected
... a life where one is able to do
and to be…

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 ... because there
are gender biases
and issues that
block women….

…. a life where
one is able
to do and
to be…

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Gender Issues
- gender linked beliefs (ideas,
attitudes and behavior), systems,
processes, conditions and situations that
BLOCK an individual’s (man or woman)
attainment of full potentials or a satisfying
life.

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 Gender Issues
Economic
Violence Marginalization
Against
Women
Women
Political
Subordination
Multiple of Women
Burden
Gender
Stereotyping

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Gender Stereotyping
• refers to over-generalizations about
the characteristics of an entire group
based on gender
• it is the tendency or attitude to
ascribe particular traits,
characteristics and roles distinctly
to men and particular traits,
characteristics, roles distinctly to
women

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Gender Stereotyping
Examples:
• A man might say women aren't
meant for combat, while a woman
might say men do nothing but
watch sports.
• Women are better caregivers than
men.
• Men are better providers than
women

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Multiple Burden
- a term used to describe the
situation of women who perform
paid work outside the domestic
sphere as well as home-making and
child-care work inside the home

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Subordination
• the act of placing a person in a lower
rank or position
• the act of making a person
dependent, secondary or subservient
Ex. The refusal to allow women
to be educated was part of
society's subordination of
women to men.

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Marginalization
• the process whereby something or
someone is pushed to the edge of a
group and accorded lesser
importance
• this is predominantly a social
phenomenon by which a minority or
sub-group is excluded, and their
needs or desires ignored.

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Violence Against Women (VAW)
Women become victims of all forms
of violence, like battering, rape,
sexual harassment, female genital
mutilation and other traditional
practices harmful to women

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
These gender issues and biases
that violate RIGHTS and blocks
the DEVELOPMENT of women
are addressed by Gender and
Development (GAD)

What is GAD?

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
GAD is a development
perspective which recognizes
that there are BLOCKS (Gender
Biases) that prevent people from
attaining their full potentials (as
human beings with worth and
dignity).

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
GAD works to remove gender
biases in individuals, families
and institutions…
… and in the Programs,
Projects and Activities (PAPs)…

GAD enables women and

men to do and to be…

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Able to do ….
productive work
and have control of and
benefit from the income
Able to be ….
knowledgeable, skilled,
confident with abilities and
comfortable with
achievements, independence
and power.

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
..in designing project…

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
G
E Gender Accountable
N
D
E Gender Fair/Equity
R

M Gender Responsive
I
L
E
S Gender Sensitive
T
O
N Gender Aware
E
S
Gender Blind

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 Gender Milestones
Gender Blind
lack of recognition of gender as an
essential determinant of life choices
that are available in society

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 Gender Milestones
Gender Aware
recognition of gender inequality;
that there are differences between
men and women in terms of
access to and control over
resources, including opportunities
for development.

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 Gender Milestones
Gender Sensitive
recognition of the underlying
and hidden cause of gender
inequality. Differences are felt
undesirable and unjustifiable.
Problems resulting from inequality
and discrimination are identified

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 Gender Milestones

Gender Responsive
presence of programs, projects
and processes that systematically
incorporate or address gender
concerns and issues

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 Gender Milestones

Gender Fair/Equity
society where women and men
equitably share in the responsibilities,
power authority and decision-making
and enjoy the benefits.

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 Gender Milestones
Gender Accountable
gender equity is viewed as the key
commitment of the organization; it
assumes responsibility to make
gender an integral part of what the
organization is and what it does

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
On September 25th 2015, countries adopted a set of goals to end poverty, protect the
planet, and ensure prosperity for all as part of a new sustainable agenda. Each goal
has specific targets to be achieved over the next 15 years. For the goals to be reached,
everyone needs to do their part: governments, the private sector, civil society and people
like you.
Source: www.un.org/sustainable-development-goals/

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Legal Mandates for GAD
1987 Philippine Constitution
Article II, Sec. 14 provides that
the State recognizes the role of
women in nation-building, and shall
ensure the fundamental equality
before the law of women and men

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Legal Mandates for GAD
Republic Act 7192
Women in Development and Nation-
Building Act

• laid the groundwork for institutionalizing

gender concerns in national development
efforts adopting the GAD approach in policies
and programs

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Legal Mandates for GAD
Other National Laws on Women
• Anti-Discrimination Law (RA 6725)
• Migrant Workers and Overseas
Filipino Act (RA 8042)
• Solo Parents’ Welfare Act of 2000 (RA 8972)
• Anti-Mail Order Bride Law (RA 6955)
• Anti-Sexual Harassment Law (RA 7877)
• Anti-Rape Law (RA 8353)

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Legal Mandates for GAD
Other National Laws on Women
• Anti-Violence Against Women
and their Children Act (RA 9262)
• Special Protection of Children
Against Child Abuse, Exploitation
and Discrimination Act (RA 7610)
• Magna Carta of Women (RA 9710)

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 Agent of Gender Socialization

• Gendered lessons
• Unequal treatment of teachers to
female and male students
• Textbooks, computer softwares
and teaching styles perpetuate
gender bias

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
Some of the findings support the
view that girls and boys have
different experiences, even within
the same classroom
Source: American Association of University Women (AAUW, 1991),
American Mathematical Association, GESA by Dolores A. Grayson
and Mary D. Martin, and the research of David and Myra Sadker

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
1. Girls receive less teacher’s praise,
fewer remedial comments about their work,
and fewer specific comments about their
performance
2. Boys generally raise their hands before girls
do; they seem to do so even when they do
not know the answer
3. Girls seem to need to weigh the question,
to be sure to understand it, and to consider
possible responses prior to seeking
recognition

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
3. a

4. Boys initiate more interactions with

teachers than do girls, so teachers
respond more to boys than girls
5. From preschool through post
secondary education, females receive
less attention from teachers than
males. Even when boys don’t
volunteer, teachers are more likely to call
on them than girls.

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
6. When boys call out answers,
teachers usually listen, when girl speak
out loudly, they are often corrected on
their behavior.
7. Girls perform better on tests that are
open-ended in nature like essay,
short answers or performance
assessment, boys perform better on
multiple choice tests.

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
6. When boys call out answers, teachers usually listen, when girl speak out loudly, they are often corrected on their behavior.
7. Girls perform better on tests that are open-ended in nature like essay, short answers or performance assessment, boys perform better on multiple choice tests.

8. Boys are more apt to participate in extra-

curricular, mathematics, science and
computer activities
9. Both verbal and sexual harassment of
girls by boys in secondary schools is
increasing, indeed, some forms have
almost become accepted as norms.

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 Promoting Gender Sensitivity
and Equality in SCHOOLS
Strengthening gender-fair teaching and
learning process:
- equal opportunities for learning
- eliminating gender stereotyping,
bias, discrimination and inequality

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 “Gender roles, attitude,
expectations and
characteristics are learned,
thus they can also be
unlearned.”

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”
 GAD Plan
and Budget

“Minding our school children and their communities is our core business.”