Topic for the class : Repeaters, Hubs, Bridges, Switches,

Video Box Position

Module II: Ethernet
Date & Time : 16/02/2021

N.V.S.V.VIJAY KUMAR
Assistant Professor
Department of EECE.
GITAM Institute of Technology (GIT)
Visakhapatnam – 530045
Email: vnandam@gitam.edu
Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 1
 Session objectives

• To understand the Key components in a Computer Video Box Position

network.
• To understand the use of repeaters, hubs, bridges,
switches, in a Computer network

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 2
 Session Outcomes
• students will be able to understand the repeaters,
hubs, bridges, switches,after hearing a class/ Video Box Position
watching the video lecture.
• At the end of this lecture/ session, Students will be able
to understand application of repeaters, hubs,
bridges, switches in a Computer Network.

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 3
 CONTENTS

Repeaters Video Box Position

Hubs
Bridges
Switches,

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 TCP/IP Protocol Suite in Relation to the OSI
Reference Model

Video Box Position

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 Protocol processing at a bridge.

Video Box Position

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 Spanning Tree Bridges

Video Box Position

Bridges with two parallel links.

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 Repeaters, Hubs, Bridges, Switches, Routers, and
Gateways
(a) Which device is in which layer. (b) Frames, packets, and headers.

Video Box Position

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 Network

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 Router

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 Routing Protocol

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A building with centralized wiring using hubs and
a switch.

Video Box Position

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A building with centralized wiring using hubs and
a switch.
Hub : each port is isolated to be its own collision domain. if the
port has a full-duplex point-to-point line, the CSMA/CD
algorithm is not needed.
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When a frame arrives, the bridge extracts the destination
address from the frame header and looks it up in a table to see
where to send the frame.

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 13
 Virtual LAN
VLAN (Virtual LAN). It has been standardized by the IEEE 802
committee and is now widely deployed in many organizations.
VLANs are based on VLAN-aware switches. To set up a VLAN- Video Box Position

based network, the network administrator decides how many

VLANs there will be, which computers will be on which VLAN, and
what the VLANs will be called. Often the VLANs are (informally)
named by colours, since it is then possible to print colour
diagrams showing the physical layout of the machines, with the
members of the red LAN in red, members of the green LAN in
green, and so on. In this way, both the physical and logical layouts
are visible in a single view.
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Two VLANs, gray and white, on a bridged LAN.

Video Box Position

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 Collision
The main differences as follows First, Standby early helps to
avoid collisions. This avoidance is worthwhile because
collisions are expensive, as the entire frame is transmitted Video Box Position

even if one occurs. Second, acknowledgements are used to

infer collisions because collisions cannot be detected.
DCF (Distributed Coordination Function) because each station
acts independently, without any kind of central control. The
standard also includes an optional mode of operation called
PCF (Point Coordination Function) in which the access point
controls all activity in its cell Example :- cellular base station.
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Virtual channel sensing using CSMA/CA.

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Request To Send and Clear To Send

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 Conclusions

Discussed about Repeaters, Hubs, Bridges, Video Box Position

Switches that are used in a Computer Networks.

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 REFERENCE

1. Andrew S. Tanenbaum and David J Wetherall,

Computer Networks,
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2. TCP/IP and Advanced Topics, Through Coursera.
3. The Bits and Bytes of Computer Networking,
Through Coursera.

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 19
 THANK YOU
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