Leou Jaemiel P.

Leonero 6D

PRES. DIOSDADO P. MACAPAGAL

Diosdado P. Macapagal (1910-1997) was the fifth

POST THE PICTURE OF THE president of the Republic of the Philippines. He was
PRESIDENT HERE instrumental in initiating and executing the Land
Reform Code, which was designed to solve the
centuries-old land tenancy problem, the principal
cause of the Communist guerrilla movement in central
Luzon.
Diosdado Macapagal was born on Sept. 28, 1910, the
son of poor tenant farmers. In 1929 he entered the
University of the Philippines, where he received an
associate in arts degree in 1932. Meanwhile he worked
part time with the Bureau of Lands.
Macapagal was constantly forced to interrupt his
schooling for lack of funds. His brother-in-law Rogelio
de la Rosa, with whom he acted in and produced
Tagalog operettas, helped him continue his education.
Macapagal entered the University of Santo Tomas in
Manila, receiving his bachelor of laws degree in 1936,
his master of laws degree in 1941, and doctor of laws
degree in 1947. He also received a doctorate in
economics in 1957.

• Low living standards of the masses In his inaugural address, Macapagal

• Lack of economic stability
• Unemployment promised a socio-economic
• Devaluation of the Philippine Peso program anchored on "a return to
• Foreigners could now buy and control more free and private enterprise", placing
local businesses easily because of the economic development in the hands
exchange rate. They were richer than the 
Philippines. of private entrepreneurs with
• Revocation of 350 midnight appointments minimal government interference.
• Macapagal wasn't able to effectively
maximize the programs for the people to
alleviate poverty
• Graft and Corruption (Stonehill Scandal)
• Rise in Consumer Goods Prices
• Peace and Order Issues
• Macapagal's privileged subjects in congress
and business paraded their lavish wealth in
conspicuous parties and anomalous deals.
 TYPE YOUR NAME HERE
PRES. FERDINAND E. MARCOS
POST THE PICTURE OF THE
PRESIDENT HERE
They call Ramon Durano manung
around here. It is the local word for
"don," as in Corleone. Still spry at
79, Durano is indisputably the boss
of Danao, a town he founded just
north of the Philippines' second
largest city, Cebu, in the heart of
what has come to be known as
"Durano country." But to his
opponents, he is a Philippine
godfather in the pejorative sense of
the word, a man who usually gets
his way.
6
Ferdinand E. Marcos was born on September 11, 1917 in Sarrat, Ilocos Norte.   His
parents, Mariano Marcos and Josefa Edralin, were both teachers.From 1923 to 1929,
he attended the Sarrat Central School, Shamrock Elementary School in Laoag and
the Ermita Elementary School in Manila.  He finished high school and liberal arts
course at the University of the Philippines.  While still a student, he was
commissioned as third lieutenant (apprentice officer) in the Philippine Constabulary
Reserve after having been an ROTC battalion commander.
In 1935, Assemblyman Julio Nalundasan, a political rival of his father, was shot
dead.  Suspicion for the crime fell on the Marcoses.  Ferdinand Marcos who was
arrested on a charge of conspiracy to murder, was tried, and found guilty in 1939.   He
argued his case on appeal to the Supreme Court, luckily winning an acquittal a year
later.
In the summer of 1939 he received his bachelors degree, cum laude from the U.P.
College of Law.  He would have been a class valedictorian and magna cum laude had
he not been imprisoned for the Nalundasan murder.  The case prevented him from
attending several weeks of classes.  He reviewed for the bar examinations while in
prison.  He bailed himself out in order to take the examination, where he emerged
topnotcher in November of the same year.  He became trial lawyer in Manila.
During World War II, he served as an officer in the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
As a lawyer and a master politician, Marcos led a most a interesting and
controversial political career both before and after his term as Senate President.   He
became Senator after he served as member of the House of Representatives for three
terms, then later as Minority Floor Leader before gaining the Senate Presidency.   He
is one of the legislators who had established a record for having introduced a number
of significant bills, many of which found their way into the Republic statute books.
He was elected President of the Philippines in 1965 and was reelected in 1969.  On
September 21, 1972, Marcos imposed martial law and he stayed in power until 1986,
after the historic four-day “ People Power ” revolution at EDSA.
Marcos went on exile in Hawaii, where he died on September 28, 1989.  He left
behind his wife, Imelda and their three children: Maria Imelda Josefa Trinidad
(Imee), Ferdinand Jr. (Bongbong), and Irene Victoria.
Thus far, he is the last Senate President to become President of the Philippines.
Marcos gained political success by claiming to have been the
"most decorated war hero in the Philippines,"[32] but many of
his claims have been found to be false,[33][34][35] with
United States Army documents describing his wartime claims
as "fraudulent" and "absurd."[36][37] After World War II, he
became a lawyer then served in the Philippine House of
Representatives from 1949 to 1959 and the Philippine Senate
from 1959 to 1965. He was elected the President of the
Philippines in 1965 and presided over an economy that grew
during the beginning of his 20-year rule[38] but would end in
the loss of livelihood, extreme poverty,[39][40] and a
crushing debt crisis.[41][40] He pursued an aggressive
program of infrastructure development funded by foreign
debt,[42][43] making him popular during his first term,
although it would also trigger an inflationary crisis which
would lead to social unrest in his second term.[44][45]
Marcos placed the Philippines under martial law on
September 23, 1972,[46][47] shortly before the end of his
second term. Martial law was ratified in 1973 through a
fraudulent referendum.[48] The Constitution was revised,
media outlets were silenced,[49] and violence and oppression
were used[31] against the political opposition,[50][51]
Muslims,[52] suspected communists,[53][54] and ordinary
citizens.[51]