HAZARD COMMUNICATION

AND GHS

WITH THE GLOBALLY HARMONIZED SYSTEM (GHS) OF CLASSIFICATION AND HAZARD

COMMUNICATION OF CHEMICALS FOR BABTAIN EMPLOYEES

AL BABTAIN HSE DEPARTMENT

 CONTENTS
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
 What is a HAZCOM plan?
 How do hazardous chemicals affect the body?
 What are the different types of hazardous chemicals?
GHS
 What is GHS?
 GHS Classification
 What is on GHS compliant product labels?
 What are Safety Data Sheets (SDS)?
 How to protect yourself from hazardous chemicals
 HAZARD
COMMUNICATION
 HAZARD COMMUNICATION
What is hazard communication?
Employees who work with Hazardous Chemical have a
“Right to Know” :
• What those chemicals are,
• What hazards are associated with those chemicals,
• What they can do to protect themselves,
• How to handle and store products they work with,
• What to do if they have an emergency working with those
chemicals.

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 WHO NEEDS A HAZCOM PROGRAM?

• Any activity that handling, distributes, Examples:

transports (additional rules), stores, or
disposes of chemicals.
• Civil (block, plastering, water proofing,
painting, etc.,
• Any Site employees work with • Cleaning work
hazardous chemicals.
• Maintenance/Repairing work
• Floor/ false ceiling installing
• Fire fighting
• Earthing
• Transformer (Oil)
• Cable pulling (grease)
• Welding/ Fabricating
• Etc.,

2
 HAZCOM COMPLIANCE
What must our site do to be in compliance?
Site must have a written HAZCOM Register.
It includes list of chemicals you have in your workplace.
Collect an SDS (MSDS if SDS is not available) for each of the
chemicals and have available for employees.
Train employees on how to handling chemical according to the
SDS and Hazard Label.
Provide proper PPE according to SDS for employees use.
 HAZARD COMMUNICATION
What is considered a “Hazardous Chemical?”

• A hazardous chemical is any

chemical that can do harm to your body

• Most industrial chemicals can

harm you at some level

• Employees who use chemicals (other than retail packaged products used
for their intended purpose) must have access to the SDS and warning
labels for products they use at work.
 HAZARD COMMUNICATION
How do hazardous chemicals affect the body?
The effect a certain chemical has on the body
depends on several factors:

• The physical form of the chemical

• How the chemical enters the body

• The amount of chemical that actually

enters the body - the dose

• How toxic (poisonous) the chemical is

 TYPES OF CHEMICALS
The Three Forms of Chemicals
All chemicals exists in one of three forms:

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas
 CHEMICAL SOLIDS

Solids – Dusts and Particulates

• Dust or powder can be released into

the air by cutting, drilling, grinding or
sanding and inhaled

• Dust can also be stirred up by dry

sweeping and inhaled

• Spraying Paint causes particulates to

be suspended in the air
 CHEMICAL SOLIDS

Solids – Fumes and Fibers

•Fumes are extremely small droplets of metal formed

when the metal has been vaporized by high temperatures
(usually welding)

• Some compounds are fibers which can be similar to

dusts but they have an elongated shape (like asbestos or
fiberglass)
 CHEMICAL LIQUIDS

Liquids

• Liquids can come into direct contact

with the skin and be absorbed into the
body

• Liquids can be sprayed and form mists or

evaporate and form vapors which can be
inhaled
 CHEMICAL LIQUIDS
Liquids (Mists)

• Mists can also

be inhaled

• Mists can settle on the

skin and be absorbed

• Airborne mists can

also settle out and
contaminate food
or drink
 CHEMICAL GASES

Gases

• Some can occur naturally

• Vapors can form from liquids

• Carbon Monoxide, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Ammonia

gas are some chemicals that have killed workers in
the gas form
 HOW CHEMICALS ENTER THE BODY

There Are Five Routes of Entry:

•Ingestion – swallowing the chemical

•Inhalation – breathing in the chemical
•Absorption – the chemical
soaks through the skin

•Skin or eye contact - chemical does external damage to skin

or eyes on contact

•Injection - sharp object pierces the skin

 HOW CHEMICALS ENTER THE BODY

Ingestion (Swallowing)

• Chemicals that are swallowed are

absorbed in the digestive tract

• Chemicals can rub off dirty hands

and contaminate food, drinks or
tobacco products

• Chemicals in the air can settle on

food or drink and be swallowed
 HOW CHEMICALS ENTER THE BODY

Inhalation (Breathing)

Airborne chemicals are breathed in

through the mouth or nose

• The size of particles or droplets can

affect where the chemical settles in
the respiratory tract

• Where the chemical settles in the

respiratory tract determines what
symptoms or diseases will develop
 HOW CHEMICALS ENTER THE BODY

Skin Absorption

•Some chemicals can pass through the skin and be

taken into the body’s systems

•Solvents and pesticides

are examples of compounds
that can be absorbed
through the skin

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 HOW CHEMICALS ENTER THE BODY

Skin Contact

• Corrosives can cause visible skin burns or damage

• The extent of skin damage depends on how long the

corrosive is on the skin and how concentrated the corrosive is
Acute chemical burn 1 day later 7 days later

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 HOW CHEMICALS ENTER THE BODY

Eye Contact

• Inhalation of corrosive
mists or vapors can
cause severe
bronchial irritation

• Corrosive chemicals are

capable of damaging
skin, eyes and the
respiratory system

Acute chemical burn to the eye

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 HOW CHEMICALS ENTER THE BODY

Injection

•Some chemicals can pass through

the skin and be
taken into the body’s systems
thorough a break in the skin

•Needles and sharp objects cause

injection hazards

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 CHEMICAL TOXICITY

Toxicity: How dangerous are chemicals?

•Dose - The effects of any toxic chemical

depends on the amount of a chemical
that actually enters the body

•Acute Toxicity - The measure of how

toxic a chemical is in a single dose
over a short period of time

•Chronic Toxicity – The measure of

the toxicity of exposure to a chemical
over a long period of time

Lethal Dose - expressed as LD50 or dose at which 50% of a

population will die.
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 CHEMICAL TOXICITY

Chronic Toxicity and Acute Toxicity

•Some chemicals will only make you sick if you get an
‘acute” or high dose all at once
Example - ammonia

•Some chemicals are mainly known for

their chronic or long-term effects
Example - asbestos

•Most chemicals have both

acute and chronic effects
Example – carbon monoxide

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 HEALTH HAZARDS
What are some of the things chemicals can do to you?

•Carcinogens - these chemicals may give you CANCER.

• Check to see if the chemicals you are using are on DOSH’s
carcinogen list for special rules when working with these
chemicals.

•Teratogens - these chemicals hurt unborn babies, or CAUSE BIRTH

DEFECTS.

•Mutagens- these chemicals cause BIRTH DEFECTS and sometimes

CANCER in the exposed worker

•Sensitizers - these chemicals can cause an ALLERGIC REACTION in

smaller and smaller doses, that can be deadly.
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 CHEMICAL TOXICITY

Chemical Exposure Limits

•Many chemicals have exposure limits, or allowable amounts of a chemical

in the air without having to wear additional protection.

•These limits are often called “PELs” or “TLVs”.

•They are based on 8-hour average exposure or
ceiling or peak levels.

•Levels must be kept below these limits for safety.

•Employers have an obligation to monitor for many of these chemicals or
use historical data to estimate PEL

Example: 100 parts per million

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 NFPA Signage

What does the

white section
mean?
 Material Safety Data Sheets

MSDS
Sections
Chemical Id (Name & synonyms)
Toxicity (How the Chemical can harm you)
Physical Characteristics (Physical state: Gas, Liquid, Solid)
Reactivity (Other chemicals that it may react with)
Fire, Spill, First Aid (How to handle chemicals in these situations)
Availability
Supplier
EH&S Data Bases
 GLOBALLY
HARMONIZED
SYSTEM
(GHS)
 GHS
What is GHS?
• Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of
Chemicals - needed because of global economy

• Internationally Developed System to protect workers by using the same

criteria (testing procedures, exposure limits, etc) to determine the hazards
of chemicals

• Safety Data Sheets must be created based on the same 16 part format

• The use of visually based warning

symbols (pictograms) on product
labels so workers can immediately
identify the hazards associated with
the products they use.

2
 Classification
 Classification is the starting point for hazard
communication
 Involves the identification of the hazard(s) of a
chemical or mixture by assigning a category of
hazard/danger using defined criteria

HAZARD CLASSES
 16 classes of physical hazards
 10 classes of health hazards
 3 classes of environmental hazards
 GHS Physical Hazards
1. Explosives contact with water emit
flammable gases
2. Flammable Gases
13.Oxidizing Liquids
3. Flammable Aerosols
14.Oxidizing Solids
4. Oxidizing Gases
15.Organic Peroxides
5. Gases Under Pressure
16.Corrosive to Metals
6. Flammable Liquids
7. Flammable Solids
8. Self-Reactive Substances
9. Pyrophoric Liquids
10.Pyrophoric Solids
11.Self-Heating Substances
12.Substances which, in
 GHS Health Hazards

1. Acute Toxicity
2. Skin Corrosion/Irritation
3. Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation
4. Respiratory or Skin Sensitization
5. Germ Cell Mutagenicity
6. Carcinogenicity
7. Reproductive Toxicology
8. Target Organ Systemic Toxicity - Single Exposure
9. Target Organ Systemic Toxicity - Repeated Exposure
10. Aspiration Toxicity
 GHS Environmental Hazards

1. Hazardous to the Aquatic

Environment
2. Acute aquatic toxicity
3. Chronic aquatic toxicity
• Bioaccumulation potential
• Rapid degradability
 HAZARD CLASS – PICTOGRAM(S)

Environmental
Hazards

Physical Hazards Health Hazards

 TARGET ORGAN & PPE

Target Organs Personal Protective Equipment

 GHS Label Elements
• Product Identifier
• Signal Word (Danger, Warning)
• Hazard Statement (for each hazard class and category)
• Pictogram(s)
• Precautionary Statement (for each hazard class and
category)
• Name, Address and Tele. # of chemical manufacturer
Label Example
Label Example
Label Example
 MSDS’s
Information that is currently required on a MSDS:
1. Identity used on the label
2. Physical & chemical characteristics
3. Physical hazards
4. Health hazards
5. Primary routes of entry
6. Exposure limits
7. Carcinogenic information
8. Safe handling
9. Control measures (PPE)
10.Emergency & First Aid procedures
11.Date of preparation
12.Chemical mfg. contact info
 Safety Data Sheets (SDS)

1. Identification of the substance or mixture and of the

supplier
2. Hazards identification
3. Composition/information on ingredients
4. First aid measures
5. Firefighting measures
6. Accidental release measures
7. Handling and storage
8. Exposure controls/personal protection
 Safety Data Sheets (SDS)

9. Physical and chemical properties

10. Stability and reactivity
11. Toxicological information
12. Ecological information
13. Disposal considerations
14. Transport information
15. Regulatory information
16. Other information including information on
preparation and revision of the SDS
 CHEMICALS AT WORK

MEET Mr. Sathiy

• Works for Babtain Contracting

Company of substation
construction

• Does floor epoxy work

• Sathiy works with many

different kinds of chemicals
 CHEMICALS AT WORK

How can Sathiy’s Site protect him from

Chemicals?
•The Hazardous Substance Coordinator Mr.
Anton trains Sathiy on Chemicals, SDS, and
Labels with this Presentation BEFORE
Sathiy works with hazardous chemicals.
•Give Sathiy access to a list of SDS and
copies of SDSs for the chemicals he works
with, so he that he can double check all
procedures.
•Make sure Sathiy has the correct PPE for the
chemicals he works with.

Our Site Hazardous Substance Coordinator is : Mr. Anton

 HAZCOM TRAINING- GHS LABELS
What does Sathiy need to know about chemical
labels?
Sathiy learns the products he works with need to
come with a warning label.
He needs to leave the product in the original
container whenever possible.
If he puts the chemical in a new container, he
needs to put a GHS Label on the container.

That will be our site plan too.

 GHS LABELS MUST HAVE 6 THINGS
1. Product Identifier recommended measures of
prevention, response, storage
2. Signal Words help define and disposal.
how dangerous a chemical is:
Danger - More Dangerous
Warning - Less Dangerous
3. Hazard Statements
Statements that describe the
nature of the hazard(s) of a 6. Name, address, and
chemical including, where telephone number of the chemical
appropriate, the degree of hazard. manufacturer, importer, or other
responsible party.
4. Pictograms
5. Precautionary Statements-
 MAKING LABELS
Did you say
Making GHS Labels: “MAKE” a
label?
How do we do
The information you need to that?

make a label for a product is on

the SDS (MSDS) for the product.
Contact HS Coordinator for
labeling

Our site will make labels by Mr.Anton

 GHS HAZARD COMMUNICATION

What do the Pictograms mean?

• Health Hazards

• Physical Hazards

• Environmental Hazards
 GHS PICTOGRAMS

Most of the cleaning products

Sathiy uses have some minor
health effects and may cause skin
to become irritated.

Exclamation Point:
Chemicals that are acutely toxic and
that can be harmful or toxic by
ingestion, inhalation, or contact with
the skin or eyes, often with a small
dose.
 GHS PICTOGRAMS

Cleaning Supplies:

Some of Sathiy’s floor epoxy

chemical can cause long term
health effects like cancer, other
can make him violently ill and do
damage to specific organs.
 GHS PICTOGRAMS

Health Hazard:
Chemicals that pose Health
Hazards and can cause acute or
chronic health effects such as
respiratory function damage,
cancer, specific organ function
damage, sexual dysfunction,
fertility problems, birth defects
and genetic mutations are
represented by this symbol.
 GHS PICTOGRAMS

One of Sathiy’s jobs is to

spray some chemicals. If he
accidentally ingested some of
the chemical or some
absorbed through his skin, it
would be bad!
In fact....
 GHS PICTOGRAMS

Skull and Crossbones:

Chemicals that are acutely
toxic and that can be harmful
or toxic by ingestion,
inhalation, or contact with
the skin or eyes, often with a
small dose.
 GHS PICTOGRAMS

Etching metal: Another one

of Sathiy’s jobs is to etch
metal at one of the buildings
to make it look stressed and
old. To accomplish that
Sathiy spray’s a corrosive
chemical on it. It’s not only
corrosive to metal....
 GHS PICTOGRAMS

Corrosives: Chemicals
that can be corrosive to
metal, skin, or cause
damage to eyes can be
labeled with this symbol.
 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

PPE:

Personal Protective equipment

such as
• gloves,
• safety goggles,
• respirators,
• and specialty chemical
protective clothing
could have protected Sathiy
from many of these hazards.

Our site provides the PPE in the precautionary statements and on the SDS for chemicals
our employees work with.
 GHS PICTOGRAMS

Welding:
Sathiy does a little
welding in some of the
buildings he works on.
One is at a Substation
Malaz (8182). There is
lots of pipe to weld in the
workshop room, which is
where they also store the
chemicals.
 GHS PICTOGRAMS
FLAME:
Flammable solids, gases,
aerosols, liquids, or; self-
reactive substances and
mixtures; pyrophorics,
self-heating chemicals;
chemicals that ignite
when exposed to water
and organic peroxides can
be depicted with this
symbol.
GAS CYLINDER: Gases
under pressure may
explode if heated. This
pictogram would be used
for compressed gases,
liquefied gases,
refrigerated liquefied
gases, and dissolved
gases. Gases may cause
cryogenic burns or
injuries.
 PICTOGRAMS

To make matters
worse, where Sathiy
FLAME OVER CIRCLE: is welding storage
chemicals are
This symbol represents an oxidizers... and
oxidizer. Oxidizers are Sathiy starts a small
chemicals that cause or fire.
help other chemicals to
burn by adding oxygen toWhich becomes a
the chemical process. big fire..
Oxidizers can be gases,
liquids, or solids.
 GHS PICTOGRAMS
WHICH
EXPLODES!
EXPLODING BOMB:
Explosive; fire, blast or
projection hazards by
self-reactive substances,
substances that can burn
without oxygen; or that
may explode when
disturbed will be labeled
with this symbol.
 GHS PICTOGRAMS

Sathiy next job for this site would

been work that cleans damaged
floor....

ENVIRONMENT: This
non-mandatory pictogram
represents a chemical’s
effect on water, aquatic
life or other impacts on
the environment. It warns
of immediate and long
term hazards to the
aquatic environment.
 OUR SITE CHEMICALS

Activity:

Think of the types of chemicals our

site uses that need pictograms and
match them with the correct symbol.

Example:
Methanol -
 TASKS THAT INVOLVE CHEMICALS
The following activities are where our company uses or hazardous chemicals
are present:

• Spraying Paints, Primers, or Stains

• Spreading or spraying certain glues

• Cleaning _____________________________________

• _____________________________________________

• _____________________________________________

• _____________________________________________

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 PROTECTING YOURSELF

If you have been exposed to a chemical and feel sick:

• Let your supervisor know

• Find out what the chemical was

• Follow the first aid directions

in the SDS

• Get medical attention as needed

• Check your PPE before going

back to the area

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 GETTING INFORMATION
How do you get information about hazardous chemicals?

You can get information two ways:

• From the product label

• From the product Safety Data Sheet

38