LECTURE 12 -HDLC

Delivered by
Joel Anandraj.E
AP/IT
Introduction

 High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) is a bit-oriented

protocol for communication over point-to-point and
multipoint links.

 HDLC implements Stop and Wait.

 Form the basis for PPP or the Ethernet Protocol.

Configurations and Transfer Modes

Transfer Modes

Asynchronous
Normal Response
Balanced Mode
Mode (NRM)
(ABM)

• Station Configurations are

• The configuration is
unbalanced.
balanced.
• One Primary and Multiple
Secondary stations.
• The link is point-to-point
• A primary station can send
commands;
• Each station can function as
• A secondary station can only
a primary and a secondary.
respond.
Frames :
HDLC defines three types of frames:

Frames

Information Supervisory Unnumbered

Frames (I- Frames (S- Frames (U-
frames) frames) frames).

• Used only to • U-frames are

• Carry User data
transport reserved for
from network
control system
layer.
information management
Each frame in HDLC may contain up to six fields.
Flag field : This field contains synchronization pattern
01111110, which identifies both the beginning and the
end of a frame.

Address field: This field contains the address of the

secondary station.
Control field :The control field is one or two bytes
used for flow and error control.

Information field: The information field contains the

user’s data from the network layer or management
information.

FCS field: The frame check sequence (FCS) is the

HDLC error detection field.
The control field determines the type of frame and
defines its functionality.
Control Field for I-Frames :
I-frames are designed to carry user data from the
network layer.
Additionally they can include flow and error-control
information.

Corresponds to ACK no.

0 indicated the
Can mean poll or final.
Frame type as I-Frame

Define the sequence

number of the frame
Control Field for S-Frames
Supervisory frames are used for flow and error control
whenever piggybacking is either impossible or
inappropriate.
Correspond to
the
acknowledgment
number (ACK)
(+ve or –ve)

Can mean poll or

final.
10 indicates the
Frame an S-
frame. Define the type
of S-frame.
There are four types of S-Frames and it is found by the
value in the code subfield.

Code Subfield - 00 - Receive ready (RR)

Code Subfield - 10 - Receive not ready (RNR).
Code Subfield - 01 - Reject (REJ).
Code Subfield - 11 - Selective reject (SREJ).
`
Control Field for U-Frames
Unnumbered frames are used to exchange session
management and control information between
connected devices.
Can mean poll or
final.

11 indicates the Can Create 32

Frame an U- different U
frame. Frames.
Example :
The below diagram shows how U-frames can be used for
connection establishment and connection release.
Thank you.