HOMESTASIS-

THERMOREGULATION IN
ENDOTHERMS
State and explain thermoregulation in Endotherms
Describe a negative feedback loop
WHAT DOES OUR BODY DO WHEN
IT GETS TOO HOT?
 ENDOTHERM= WARM BLOODED

Can control it’s temperature.

These are warm blooded (includes mammals)
Important to keep warm so that enzymes (For respiration) are able to work at
their optimum temperature
SWEATING
Sweat glands produce sweat

Why?

Sweat evaporates
from the surface of
the skin carrying
heat away from the
body by radiation
Sphincter muscles open

Vasodilation – Blood moves to surface

so heat can be lost.

Sphincter muscles are relaxed and

open
Sphincter muscles
open
This allows blood to flow to the
surface and heat is lost
HAIR MUSCLES LIE
FLAT

 Relaxation of muscle of hair

 Hairs on skin lie flat, no air is

trapped so hairs do not warm up
body.
 Week 1

(a) Vasodilaton; (b) vasoconstriction

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WHAT DOES OUR BODY DO WHEN
IT GETS TOO COLD (I.E. CORE
TEMPERATURE DROPS)?

List three things

 Shivering:
Muscles contract which
makes heat to warm us up.

Respiration in the muscles

makes energy for muscle
1. SHIVERING contraction.
2. CONTRACTION OF HAIR MUSCLE

The Muscle contracts causing

hair to stand up.

This allows convection currents

between hair follicles, warming
air close to skin.
 VASOCONSTRICTION
Sphincter muscles closed

Sphincter muscles contract,

closing the access of blood to
the surface of the body.

Sphincter muscles closed

Blood is maintained near body
core, retaining heat.
 Week 1

(a) Vasodilaton; (b) vasoconstriction

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HOW AN INCUBATOR WORKS
 DEFINITIONS

 Receptor:

 Processing centre:

 Effector:
DEFINITIONS

 Receptor: Detects a change in the environment called a stimulus. Eg. A hot

flame is a stimulus. Other stimuli include, light, pressure, pain, temp,
sound, taste, touch
 Photoreceptors in eye detect light
 Thermoreceptors in skin detect temp.

 Processing centre:

 Effector:
DEFINITIONS

 Receptor: Detects a change in the environment called a stimulus.

 Processing centre:
 Receives information and coordinates the response in the brain.
The HYPOTHALAMUS in the brain gets the message

 Effector:
DEFINITIONS

 Receptor: Detects a change in the environment called a stimulus.

 Processing centre: Receives information and coordinates the response in the

brain.

 Effector:
DEFINITIONS

 Receptor: Detects a change in the environment called a stimulus.

 Processing centre:

 Effector: An effector is any part of the body that produces the response.
Here are some examples of effectors:
 a muscle
 a gland
Cool Day Hot Day
 Week 1

Controlling body temperature by negative feedback

© Pearson Education Ltd 2009

This document may have been altered from the original