Goal 7: Affordable and

Clean Energy
By: Justin Foo, Jey Xing, Kyan Low & Aditya Senthil
 Introduction

• Access to energy is very important for the wellbeing of the people and economic
development and poverty reduction.
• For a long time, people have been using coal and oil (fossil fuels) for energy and to
generate electricity.
• Seeing the harm they have been doing to the environment countries all over the world are
looking into other alternatives for energy production, which is discussed in the slides to
come.
• United Nations are aiming to “ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and
modern energy for all“.
Research Findings
In 2019, the world energy production for renewables was as follows:

• 2% geothermal
• 9% solar
• 22% hydroelectric
• 24% wind
• 4% biomass waste
• 20% biofuels
• 20% wood

However, these figures only made up 11% of the entire energy chart (non-renewables = 89%). A ot
more need to be done to address these issue, reasons stated in slides to come.
 Types of renewable energies
Solar Energy
• Energy derived from solar
radiation
• Clean form of energy and can be
used extensively due to its
abundance.
• Technologies like photovoltaics
are fast catching on to supply
energy to places with no access
to fossil fuels.
Wind Energy
• Formed by the kinetic energy
possessed by moving winds
• Wind farms, consisting of a
number of individual wind
turbines, are installed at
frequently windy sites.
 Types of renewable energies
Geothermal Energy
• Heat that comes from the sub-
surface of the Earth, originally
from the core of the Earth.
• Geothermal power stations and
heat pumps are used to capture it.
• Does not release any harmful
emissions
• Due to Earth's high heat capacity,
it can be easily replenished.
Hydroelectric Energy
• Energy derived by tapping the
kinetic energy of flowing
water.
• Turbines in rivers can produce
energy in a clean and without
harmful emissions.
• Produces the most energy
annually.
 Types of renewable energies

Tidal Energy Biomass

• Kinetic energy from tidal forces.
• By the natural rise and fall of
tides caused by the gravitational
interaction between Earth, the
Sun, and the Moon.
• Clean and readily available
source of energy.
• Biomass can be burned and be
used for energy production
• Cow manure is used normally
• Through direct firing, co-firing,
pyrolysis, gamification and
anaerobic decomposition.
 Sustainable Development
Goal 7 is divided into 3 categories (to be reached by 2030):

 SDG 7.1 - Access to energy

 Ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern
energy services

 SDG 7.2 - Renewable energy

 Increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the
global energy mix

 SDG 7.3 - Energy efficiency

 Double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency