EXPLANATION

TEXT
• Tiara (XII.IPA/31)
• Putri (XII.IPA/25)
• Mateus (XII.IPA)
• Vincent (XII.IPA)
• Isaac (XII.IPA)
I. Definition and purposes of Explanation
Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific and cultural phenomena. Explanation text
is to say ‘why’ and ‘how’ of the forming of the phenomena. It is often found in science, geography and history text books.
Purpose : An explanation is used to tell how or why something happens.

II. Generic structure of Explanation

a. General Statement  Stating the phenomenon issues which are to be explained.
b. A Sequenced of Explanation  Stating a series of steps which explain the phenomena.
c. Closing /conclusion statement

III.Language Features:
· Focus on generic, non-human participants
· The use of general and abstract nouns
· The use of action verbs
· The use of simple present tense
· The use of passive voice
· The use of conjunctions of time and cause
· The use of noun phrases
· The use of complex sentences
· The use of technical language
 Earthquakes

An earthquake (also called a shake, tremor or temblor) is the aftereffect of a sudden arrival of vitality in the Earth’s hull that makes seismic
waves. The seismicity or seismic action of a range alludes to the recurrence, sort and size of quakes experienced over a time of time.
Earthquakes are measured utilizing perceptions from seismometers. The minute size is the most widely recognized scale on which
earthquakes bigger than more or less 5 are accounted for the whole globe. The a greater number of various seismic tremors littler than size
5 reported by national seismological observatories are measured for the most part on the nearby extent scale, additionally alluded to as the
Richter scale. These two scales are numerically comparative over their scope of legitimacy. Extent 3 or lower tremors are basically
practically impalpable or powerless and size 7 and over possibly cause genuine harm over bigger ranges, contingent upon their profundity.
The biggest tremors in notable times have been of greatness marginally more than 9, albeit there is no restriction to the conceivable extent.
The latest substantial tremor of extent 9.0 or bigger was a 9.0 greatness quake in Japan in 2011 and it was the biggest Japanese tremor
since records started. Force of shaking is measured on the changed Mercalli scale. The shallower a seismic tremor, the more harm to
structures it causes, all else being equivalent.
At the Earth’s surface, tremors show themselves by shaking and infrequently uprooting of the ground. At the point when the epicenter of
an extensive seismic tremor is found seaward, the seabed may be uprooted sufficiently to bring about a torrent. Earthquakes can likewise
trigger avalanches, and sporadically volcanic movement.
In its most general sense, the word tremor is utilized to depict any seismic occasion — whether characteristic or brought on by people —
that creates seismic waves. Seismic tremors are created generally by burst of geographical deficiencies, additionally by different occasions,
for example, volcanic action, avalanches, mine impacts, and atomic tests. A quake’s purpose of beginning break is called its center or
hypocenter. The epicenter is the point at ground level specifically over the hypocenter
The process of Earthquakes
 Map Concept of Earthquakes

• Volcanism can a. Volcanic Earthquake An earthquake

Most earthquakes are produce building caused by a volcanic eruption, called a
caused by the tectonic
materials such as volcanic earthquake. Example: M.
process of the Bromo earthquake, earthquake M.
lithosphere movement stone, sand and
Una-Una, earthquake M. Krakatau.
called the plate. so on.
Volcanic earthquakes • Volcanism can b. Tectonic earthquake An earthquake
are earthquakes caused produce fertile that occurs due to the shifting of the
by eruptions or cracks volcanic soil which EARTHQUAKES earth's crust due to the release of
energy in the subduction zone Called
occurring within is very useful for tectonic earthquakes. Tectonic
volcanic structures. various plants. earthquakes have tremendous power.
Volcanic earthquakes An earthquake is a vibration or For example, Aceh earthquake,
• Volcanism can vibration that occurs in the
occur because magma Bengkulu, Pangandaran.
or melted rocks break produce earth's surface due to the
through the earth's crust geothermal sudden release of energy from c. Earthquake collapse or terban
. sources within that creates a seismic Earthquakes caused by landslides,
(geothermal) wave. Earthquakes are collapsed caves, and the like are
commonly caused by the called earthquake collapse or terban.
• Seism can be
movement of Earth's crust This type of earthquake only has a
used to detect the small impact and the area is narrow.
(Earth's plates). ...
presence of
Earthquakes are measured
certain minerals. using the Seismometer tool.