Clarifications in Central Limit Theorem

Z score equation of Sample Z score equation of sample

• Use this z score formula if the • Use this z score formula if the
given is Variance given is Standard deviation σ

• Where: - variance • Where: σ – standard deviation

Clarifications in Confidence Interval

Confidence Interval
Example
• A group of 10 foot surgery patients had a mean weight of
240 pounds. The sample standard deviation was 25
pounds. Find a confidence interval for a sample for the
true mean weight of all foot surgery patients. Find a 95%
CI.
 Solution:
Step 1: Subtract 1 from your sample size. 10 – 1 = 9. This gives you degrees of freedom, which you’ll
need in step 3.
Step 2: Subtract the confidence level from 1, then divide by two.
(1 – .95) / 2 = .025
Step 3: Look up your answers to step 1 and 2 in the t-distribution table. For 9 degrees of freedom (df) and
α = 0.025, my result is 2.262.
Step 4: Divide your sample standard deviation by the square root of your sample size. )
25 / √(10) = 7.90569415
Step 5: Multiply step 3 by step 4. ()
2.262 × 7.90569415 = 17.8826802
Step 6: For the lower end of the range , subtract step 5 from the sample mean.
240 – 17.8826802 = 222.117
Step 7: For the upper end of the range, add step 5 to the sample mean.
240 + 17.8826802 = 257.883

That’s how to find the confidence interval for a sample!

Retrieved from: https://www.statisticshowto.com/probability-and-statistics/confidence-interval/#WhatisCI

FORMULA:
• SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING
• Use Slovin’s Formula:

where:

• n = number of samples needed

• N = population size
• e = margin of error (use 5% or 0.05)
FORMULAS for Population
• POPULATION MEAN • POPULATION VARIANCE

µ= • σ2 =

• where: x = given data where: N = Population size

N = population size x = given data
µ = Population mean
• POPULATION STANDARD
DEVIATION
σ=
 • SAMPLE VARIANCE
FORMULAS for • s2 =
Sample where:
• SAMPLE MEAN • x = sample data
• x̄ =
• n = sample size
where:
• x̄ = sample mean
• x = sample data
• s2 = sample variance
• n = sample size
• SAMPLE STANDARD DEVIATION
• s=
FORMULA FOR SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION

• To find the mean µx̄ of the sampling • Alternative formula for µx̄ :

distribution of means, use the • µx̄ = Σ (Px̄)

following formula: • where:

• µx̄ = • = sample means

• n = probability of a sample mean
•where:
• = sample mean
• n = total number of observations
FORMULA FOR SAMPLING
DISTRIBUTION
• The variance of the sampling
distribution of means is:
• σ2x̄ =
• The standard deviation of the
sampling distribution of means is
computed as follows:

• where: • σx̄ =
• n = sample size
• x̄ = sample mean
• µx̄ = means sampling distribution
• The variance of the sampling distribution of
means is equal to the population variance
divided by the size n of the samples. That is,
• σ2x̄ =
• The square root of the variance of the
sampling distribution is called the standard
error of the mean or simply, the standard error.
• σx̄ = =

• Where:

• σ2 = population mean

• n = sample size
FORMULA for Central Limit Theorem

Z score equation of Sample Z score equation of sample

• Use this z score formula if the given • Use this z score formula if the given
is Variance is Standard deviation σ

• Where: - variance • Where: σ – standard deviation

n – sample size
 Coverage of the MIDTERM EXAM in
STATISTICS AND PROBABILTY
• Chapter 3 – Sampling and Sampling Distribution
• Chapter 4 – Confidence Interval