DIFFERENCE BETWEEN

LEADERSHIP & MANAGEMENT;

TYPES OF LEADERS
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT
• Leadership and management are related phenomena but they are not the same.

• It is important to realize that not all individuals in management positions are necessarily leaders, and leadership is not
necessarily tied to a position of authority.

• While only those in management positions are expected to be managers, leadership can and needs to be exercised by
each of us wherever we may be.

• In other words, even though an individual does not hold a management position, she can still be a leader on a clinical
unit, in an institution, in her community, or in the profession as a whole.

• In reality, management and leadership are two sides of the same coin.

• There is no doubt that management is an important function of any leadership position; both are required for the
organization to function effectively.
 LEADERSHIP VERSUS MANAGEM

The act of influencing and The process of leading and

motivating a group of directing an
people to act in the same organization to meet its
direction towards achieving goals through the use of
a common goal. appropriate resources.
• Management is efficiency in climbing the ladder of success; leadership determines whether the ladder is
leaning against the right wall. - Stephen R. Covey

STEPHEN RICHARDS COVEY (OCTOBER 24, 1932 – JULY 16, 2012) WAS AN AMERICAN
EDUCATOR, AUTHOR, BUSINESSMAN, AND KEYNOTE SPEAKER.

PRINCIPLE-CENTERED LEADERSHIP
• In his book on becoming a leader, warren bennis contrasts the concepts of management and leadership
in this way:
■The manager administers; the leader innovates.
■The manager maintains; the leader develops.
■The manager focuses on systems and structure; the leader focuses on people.
■The manager relies on control; the leader inspires trust.
■The manager has a short-range view; the leader has a long-range perspective.
■The manager asks how and when; the leader asks what and why.
■The manager has his eye on the bottom line; the leader has his eye on the horizon.
■The manager imitates; the leader originates.
■The manager accepts the status quo; the leader challenges it.
■The manager is the classic good soldier; the leader is his own person.
■The manager does things right; the leader does the right thing (bennis, 1994, p. 45).
 LEADERSHIP VERSUS MANAGEMENT

LEADERSHIP
✔ Do not have delegated authority but obtain their power through other means, such as influence.

✔ Focus on group process, information gathering feedback and empowering others.

✔ Have goals that may or may not reflect those of the organization

MANAGEMENT
✔ Legitimate source of power due to the delegated authority.

✔ Emphasize control, decision making, decision analysis, and results.

✔ Greater formal responsibility and accountability for rationality and control than leaders.
TYPES OF LEADERS
LEADERS
❑To examine the word leader, is that leaders lead.
❑Leaders are those individuals who are out front, taking risks, attempting to achieve shared goals, and inspiring
others to action.
❑Individuals who choose to follow a leader do so by choice, not because they have to.
❑A leader is a person who influences and guides direction, opinion, and course of action.

OTHER CHARACTERISTICS OF LEADERS INCLUDE:

• Leaders often do not have delegated authority but obtain their power through other means, such as influence.
• Leaders have a wider variety of roles than do managers.
• Leaders may or may not be part of the formal organization.
• Leaders focus on group processes, information gathering, feedback, and empowering others.
• Leaders emphasize interpersonal relationships.
• Leaders direct willing followers.
• Leaders have goals that may or may not reflect those of the organization.
The authoritarian leader is characterized by the following behaviors:
• Strong control is maintained over the work group.
• Others are motivated by coercion.
• Others are directed by commands.
• Communication flows downward.

❑Authoritarian leadership results in well-defined group actions that are usually predictable, reducing
frustration in the work group and giving members a feeling of security.
❑Productivity is high; creativity, self-motivation, and autonomy are reduced.
❑Frequently found in very large bureaucracies, such as armed forces.
The democratic leader exhibits the following behaviors:
• Less control is maintained.
• Economic and ego awards are used to motivate.
• Others are directed through suggestions and guidance.
• Communications flow up and down.
• Decision making involves others.
• Emphasis is on “we” rather than i and you.
• Criticism is constructive.

❑Democratic leadership promotes autonomy and growth in individual workers.

❑Particularly effective when cooperation and coordination between groups are necessary.
❑Less efficient quantitatively than authoritative leadership.
The laissez-faire leader is characterized by the following behaviors:
• Is permissive, with little or no control.
• Motivates by support when requested by the group or individuals.
• Provides little or no direction.
• Upward and downward communication between members of the group.
• Disperses decision making throughout the group.
• Does not criticize.

❑Because it is nondirected leadership, the laissez-faire style can be frustrating; group apathy and
disinterest can occur.
❑However, when all group members are highly motivated and self-directed, this leadership style can
result in much creativity and productivity.
❑Laissez-faire leadership is appropriate when problems are poorly defined and brainstorming is
needed to generate alternative solutions.
THANK YOU