Health Behavior and Stress

(Module 2)
By: Cathlyn Mae B. Flores, LPT
 Stages of Health Behavior

1. Precontemplation Stage – This stage signifies

resistance to change or “I will not” Stage.

2.Contemplation Stage – This is the “I might” stage.

3. Preparation Stage – This is the stage where the

individual is willing to take action or the “I will” stage.
 Stages of Health Behavior
4. Action Stage– In this stage the actual change is taking
place or the “I am” stage.

5. Maintenance Stage – Consistency is happening at this

stage or “I have” stage.

6. Termination Stage – Individuals in this stage have

complete confidence that they can cope with behavioral
risks and without fear of relapse
 Behavior Modification Principles
1. Self Analysis – This is the first step in modifying
behavior. If a person has no interest in changing behavior,
he will not do it. As part of self-analysis. It is better for a
person to prepare a list of reasons why changing behavior
is necessary.

2. Behavior Analysis – In this principle, the frequency,

circumstances and consequences of the behavior should be
determined as the basis for alteration or implementation.
 Behavior Modification Principles

3. Goal Setting – A goal motivates change in behavior. The

stronger the goal or desire, the more motivated the person
is to change unwanted behavior into healthy behavior.
4. Social Support – Peer support is a strong incentive for
behavior change.
5. Monitoring – Continuous monitoring of behavior
increases the awareness of the desired outcome.
 Behavior Modification Principles

6. Positive Outlook – This refers to an optimistic approach

on the outcome of a change from the start it was
implemented all the way to the end.

7. Reinforcement – When a positive behavior becomes

habitual and becomes part of a person’s system, he
deserves a reward.
 Stress Management

• Stress – is a psychological response to any stimuli

that an individual perceives as threatening.

• Stressors – are the stress-causing event,

threatening event or even stress-stimuli.
 Types of Stressors

1. Cataclysmic Stressors – Stress brought by sudden

disastrous events.
• Personal – Stress that comes from death of immediate family
member, the break-up of a marriage, or even loss of a job.
• Background – Events which are persistent and repetitive in
nature, almost routinely that becomes part of our daily
lifestyle.
 Types of stressors
2. Situational Stressors – Events that arise from a variety of situations
that happen within the person’s everyday life.
• Physical Stressors – Stressors that make a personal physically uncomfortable
and force their body to adopt to it.
• Emotional Stressors – Disturbing and upsetting feelings or emotions.
• Intellectual Stressors – Stressors that challenge or affect the intellect or the
ability of the person to think or reason out critically.
• Social Stressors – Stress coming from demands posted by family members,
friends, other people and the society
• Spiritual Stressors – These are types of stress that come from conflicts between
moral beliefs, ethical and personal beliefs.
 Adaptation to Stress

• Alarm Reaction – It is the body’s immediate response to

a stressor, whether positive or negative.
• Resistance Stage – The body attempts to adapt to the
stressor.
• Exhaustion Stage – The stage of exhaustion occurs
when the body’s resources become worn-out and
exhausted.
 Coping with Stress

• Time Management
• Relaxation Techniques
1. Deep Breathing
2.Physical Activities
3. Yoga
4.Meditation