Nursing as a Theory

By : Group 5
Nursing Faculty of Universitas Andalas
 Name of Member
 Dheana Mutia (1711313025)
 Ilda Yunanda (1711312011)
 Indah Mardiani (1711313045)
 Kristina Wangguay (1711319001)
 Nia Sandra (1711312027)
 Putri Rahmadani (1711311011)
 Sri Dinda Andrifa (1711312009)
 Vianny Permata Audina (1711313009)
 Weriska Oktrivani 1711311023)
 Wulandari Astagina (1711312001)
 Nursing as Caring Theory : Living Caring in Practice
Susan Blufin

 Assumptions : Fundamental beliefs about

humanness and what it means to be
caring form the major assumptions of
nursing as caring theory.
Boykin and Schoenhofer (2001b) outlined these assumptions:

 Persons are caring by virtue of their humanness.

 Persons are caring, moment to moment.
 Persons are whole or complete in the moment.
 Personhood is a process of living grounded in caring.
 Personhood is enhanced through participating in nur-

turing relationships with caring others.

 Nursing is both a discipline and a profession.
 Persons as Caring
 The first and most basic premise of the theory is that
all persons are caring and that caring is an essential
feature of being human.

Persons as caring is a value which

underlies each of the major concepts of the
nursing as caring theory and is an essential
idea for understanding this theory and its
implications” (Boykin & Schoenhofer,
2001b, p.1).
According to Mayeroff (1971)

The Ingredients of Caring

CONCERN RESPECT
 The Nursing Situation
 The nursing situation, a key concept of nursing as
caring theory is portrayed as the locus of all that is
known and done in nursing. It is the shared
experience in which the caring between nurse and
nursed enhances personhood.

 Caring is uniquely expressed in nursing as the nurse is

intentionally and authentically present with another
who is recognized as person living caring and
growing in caring.
 Call for Nursing and Nursing Response

 A call for nursing is a call for acknowledgement and

affirmation of the person living caring in specific ways
in the immediate situation. Hearing these calls
requires that nurses be authenti-cally present, actively
listening, and sensitive to a broad range of human
situations.
Practical Application of Nursing as Caring Theory

This part is focused on the develop-ment and

implementation of a nursing model grounded in
nursing as caring theory. More important, through an
intentional focus on living the value of caring,
colleagues and those cared for could reframe ways of
being with each other, truly respecting and honoring
the dignity of each person.
The Project Had Four Phases That Are :

Paving the Way

Building the Model

Knowing That Which Matters

Hearing the Stories

Examples of Practice Strategies Linked With Themes

Theme Practice Strategies

Encouraging expression
of feelings
Offering comfort
Intimate knowing in Offering privacy
order to respond to that Treating patients as
which matters family or self
Allowing to vent
Respecting and honoring
patient
Explaining
 Competence and
capability
Dedication
Education (reading
Being the best materials, such as
you can be textbooks and journal
articles about caring, have
been made available to all
Teamwork
 Relating
Being there,
authentic presence
Offering self
Listening
Advocating
 Extending the ability to
care (nutritional services has
been involved in improving
Going above and
patients’ access to
beyond nourishment during off
 
hours)
Advocating
 
 Closing Reflections
 
The author’s personal experience in implementing this model has been
a profound and enlightening journey. Observ-ing nurses as they come to
know self and other as caring has been extremely gratifying. Patients and
family members con-tinually expressed sincere gratitude and appreciation
for the nurses’ caring and dedication. Of particular significance, though,
was witnessing the transformation in the relation-ships between nurses and
their coworkers and leaders, as they have grown to appreciate caring
expressions in each other and to nurture one another in caring.
 Infusing systems of care with the values inherent
in nurs-ing as caring theory was the primary goal of
this project. The illustrations and descriptions in this
column give ample evi-dence that this goal has been
achieved.
Nursing leadership has committed to continue to
support the nursing staff as they live caring and grow
in caring. The transforming influence of nursing as
caring) has proven to be a powerful guide to real-
world nursing practice.