LAW

An Introduction
Lecture-1
Day-2
 Law
◦ Law is a rule of external human action enforced by
the sovereign political authority.

Characteristics of Law
✔Law has its source in sovereign authority,
✔Law is accompanied by sanctions &
✔The command to be a law should compel a course of
conduct.
✔Laws are to be obeyed. The violator of law gets
punishment.
◦ The system of rules which a particular country
or community recognizes as regulating the
actions of its members and which it may
enforce by its imposition of penalties.

◦ Salmond-
Law is the body of principles recognized and
applied by the state in the administration of
justice.
Sources of law
There are many sources of law. The political scientists
have pointed out the six sources of law. These main
sources of laws are-
(1) customs
(2) Religion
(3) Adjudication
(4) Scientific deliberation/discussion
(5) Equity
(6) Legislature.
 Objectives of Law
◦ To secure order in the society that ensure
development and progress for members

◦ To establish balance between conflicting

interests in the society

◦ To maintain stability in the society

 The rule of Law
Dicey`s Rule of Law
No man is punishable or can be lawfully made to suffer
in body or goods except for a distinct breach of law
established in the ordinary legal manner before the
ordinary courts.

No man is above law

The rule of law is the result of judicial

decisions determining the rights of the
persons.
Criticisms of Rule of Law
 Commercial Law
◦ It is the body of law that applies to the rights,
relations, and conduct of persons and business
engaged in commerce, merchandising, trade,
sales.

◦ The laws of a country relate to many subjects like

inheritance and transfer of property, relationship
between persons, crimes and their punishment as
well as matter relating to industry, trade and
commerce.
 Sources of Commercial Law

◦Statutes of the Bangladeshi

legislature
◦English Mercantile law
◦Judicial decisions
◦Custom and usage
Contents of Commercial Law

◦ Commercial law includes within its

compass such titles as- The Contract
Act, The Sale of Goods Act, The
Partnership Act, The Negotiable
instrument Act, The Company Act, The
Insurance Act, The Law of Insolvency
etc…..
 Industrial Law
◦ Industrial Law is the branch of law that deals
with legal aspects of 3 different but inter-related
set of entities- industries, labor and governmental
agencies.

◦ Employers & Employees

◦ Employers & Trade union
◦ Trade union & employees
Contents of Industrial Law
◦ Industrial law includes within its compass
such titles as- The Factories Act, The
Payment of Wages Act, Industrial
Relations Ordinance etc……
Thank You

MC 13