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  • Longitudinal Study Design: and How Scientific Studies Are Evaluated

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    Abdulla Ahmed
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    Longitudinal studies observe how variables change over an extended period, from initial data collection throughout repeated follow-ups. They can take decades and discover relationships not explained by background variables. Longitudinal research includes panel studies of individuals, cohort studies of groups sharing events, and retrospective studies using historical records. Meta-analyses statistically combine multiple studies on the same question by calculating effect sizes through a literature search and objective inclusion criteria. Scientific studies are evaluated by finding the original source, scrutinizing potential biases, examining sample sizes, and distinguishing the type of study conducted.

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    Longitudinal studies observe how variables change over an extended period, from initial data collection throughout repeated follow-ups. They can take decades and discover relationships not explained by background variables. Longitudinal research includes panel studies of individuals, cohort studies of groups sharing events, and retrospective studies using historical records. Meta-analyses statistically combine multiple studies on the same question by calculating effect sizes through a literature search and objective inclusion criteria. Scientific studies are evaluated by finding the original source, scrutinizing potential biases, examining sample sizes, and distinguishing the type of study conducted.

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    26 views5 pages

    Longitudinal Study Design: and How Scientific Studies Are Evaluated

    Uploaded by

    Abdulla Ahmed
    Longitudinal studies observe how variables change over an extended period, from initial data collection throughout repeated follow-ups. They can take decades and discover relationships not explained by background variables. Longitudinal research includes panel studies of individuals, cohort studies of groups sharing events, and retrospective studies using historical records. Meta-analyses statistically combine multiple studies on the same question by calculating effect sizes through a literature search and objective inclusion criteria. Scientific studies are evaluated by finding the original source, scrutinizing potential biases, examining sample sizes, and distinguishing the type of study conducted.

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    of 5

    longitudinal study design

    And how scientific studies are evaluated


    Longitudinal studies

    • Is a type of correlational research study that involves looking at variables over an


    extended period of time

    • This type of study can take several decades


    • Can be used to discover relationships between variables that are not related to various
    background variables

    • Data is first collected at the outset of the study, and may then repeatedly gathered
    throughout the length of the study

    • This helps researchers observe how variables change over time


    Types of longitudinal research

    • Panel study: involves sampling a cross section of individuals


    • Cohort study: involved selecting a group based on a specific event such as birth,
    geographic location, or historical experience.

    • Retrospective study: involves looking to the past by looking at historical information


    such as medical records
    Metadata analysis

    • Metadata analysis is a statistical analysis that combines the results of multiple


    scientific studies

    • Can be performed when there are multiple scientific studies addressing the same
    question
    When doing a meta-analysis you basically follow these steps:
    1.Step 1: Do a Literature Search. ...
    2.Step 2: Decide on some 'Objective' Criteria for Including Studies. ...
    3.Step 3: Calculate the Effect Sizes. ...
    4.Step 4: Do the Meta-Analysis. ...
    5.Step 5: Write it up, lie back and Wait to see your first Psychological Bulletin Paper.
    How scientific studies evaluated

    • Find the original study source


    • Scrutinise who conducted the study and if it is biased
    • Look at the sample size of the study
    • Distinguish what type of study was conducted

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