SRAM / DRAM

PARNEET KAUR (21092003)

HARSH NIKETAN DIXIT (21092002)
RISHABH MISHRA (21092001)
RAM (RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY)

SRAM (Static RAM) DRAM (Dynamic RAM)

STATIC RAM
Data is stored in a feedback loop having 2 inverters connected back to back.

• Cell:
STATIC RAM
Reading:
• BL and BL(bar) lines are precharged to Vdd/2.
• Make WL=1 , by x decoder. Select column by
Y decoder.
• According to the value stored in cell, BL and
BL(bar) goes to logic 1 and logic 0 and vice-
versa by the use of sense amplifiers.
• Values from BL and BL(bar) are then
transferred to I/O lines.
STATIC RAM
Writing:
• To write 1; BL=1, BL(bar)=0
To write 0; BL=0, BL(bar)=1
• A particular cell is selected by x decoder and Y decoder. State of the cell changes
according to data on BL line.
 6 transistors are used in a single cell of SRAM.
 More sensitive is sense amplifier, faster is SRAM.
Doesn’t require external refresh.
 Use: Level 1 and 2 Cache memory
DYNAMIC RAM
Data is stored in form of charge in a capacitor rather than in a feedback loop.
Cell Dram Array
Reading/Writing:
• Data line is precharged to Vdd/2.
• When select goes High, Capacitor share its charge with the data line and
causes an increase or decrease in data line voltage by an amount V typically
in millivolts.
• This change is sensed by sense amplifier , which then charges data lines
according to the stored values.
• In order to read values, it also refreshes the memory.
• For writing, data line is loaded with value 0 or 1, then it is forced to capacitor.
DYNAMIC RAM
Requires a periodic refresh, as the stored charge leaks through the discharge
path created by OFF state pass transistor.
A DRAM cell consists of one MOS transistor and one capacitor OR two
MOS transistors.
 Operations are performed in a sequence and hence takes more time, That’s
why DRAM is slower than SRAM.
Used for low cost, high capacity memories.
COMPARISON:
SRAM requires no external refresh circuitry.
SRAM acquires more area, as 6 transistors are used in a cell. DRAM uses 2
transistors, hence less area requirements. Hence, DRAM is useful for high
density memory.
SRAM is faster than DRAM.
SRAM is costlier than DRAM.
SRAM consumes more power than DRAM.
THANK YOU