Fabrication of mini abrasive

vertical belt grinding machine

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
MRS. J MADHU SREE[ASST. PROFESSOR]
BATCH NUMBER.A9

PRESENTED BY

92141-M-218
19241-M-223
19241-M-209
19241-M-201
19241-M-212
 ABSTRACT
Grinding is an abrasive machining process that uses a
grinding wheel as the cutting tool. A wide variety of machines
are used for grinding. Although mini belt grinding abrasive
belt have stronger cutting ability than that on the grinding
wheel. The main aim of this paper is fabrication of mini
abrasive vertical belt grinding machine to achieve good
tolerance as well as better surface finish for various materials
such as wood etc. The abrasive belt grinding can reduce the
surface roughness of work pieces and accuracy mean while
aluminium oxide belt with high stock removal cleaning and
polishing is effectual. The abrasive belt grinding as compared
to wheel grinding have more efficient with efficiency and
parameter range. It is concluded that aluminium oxide
hardness makes it suitable for use as an abrasive and as a
component in cutting tools with significant proportion.
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
WORKING PRINCIPLE
MATERIAL USED
GRINDING METHODS
MECHANICIAL COMPONENTS
ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATION
APPLICATIONS
CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
 Our project is fabrication of multi use abrasive
belt grinder. It is used to grind the machining surfaces
to super finish and accuracy. It can be used as an
external grinder by fixing the belt grinder attachment
on the conveyor roller. The principle parts of this
attachment are main body , motor with pulley ,
bearings , rope pulley and conveyor abrasive belt etc.
Belt grinding is an abrasive machining process used on
metals and other materials. It is typically used as a
finishing process in industry. A belt, coated in abrasive
material, is run over the surface to be processed in
order to remove material or produce the desired finish
GRINDING METHODS
Wide belt grinding is a familiar process in industry as
well as home applications.
There are several basic methods for belt grinding:
 Stroke belt
 Platen belt
 Wide belt
 Backstand (pressure)
 Centreless
 Portable (manual)
WORKING PRINCIPAL
The abrasive belt is used to grind the material . This abrasive
belt is rotated by the single phase induction motor. In our project
consist of end bearings with bearings cap, roller wheel, shaft,
phase induction motor and abrasive belt. This whole arrangement
is fixed on the frame structure where the components rests .
The roller wheel is mounted on the two end bearings with
bearing cap by suitable arrangement. There are two roller wheel is
used in our project to rotate the abrasive belt . One side of the
roller wheel shaft, one v-pulley is coupled by the suitable
arrangement . The single phase induction motor with v- pulley
arrangement is used to rotate the abrasive belt through the belt
drive mecha
ABRASIVE
An abrasive is a material, often a mineral, that is used to
shape or finish a workpiece through rubbing which leads to
part of the workpiece being worn away. While finishing a
material often means polishing it to gain a smooth,
reflective surface which can also involve roughening as in
satin, matte or beaded finishes. Abrasives are extremely
commonplace and are used very extensively in a wide variety
of industrial, domestic, and technological applications. This
gives rise to a large variation in the physical and chemical
composition of abrasives as well as the shape of the abrasive.
MECHANICS OF ABRASION
Abrasives generally rely upon a difference in hardness
between the abrasive and the material being worked
upon, the abrasive being the harder of the two
substances.
Typically, materials used as abrasives are either hard
minerals (rated at 7 or above on Mohs scale of mineral
hardness) or are synthetic stones, some of which may be
chemically and physically identical to naturally occurring
minerals but which cannot be called minerals as they did
not arise naturally.
ABRASIVE BELT
Induction motor
To experimentally evaluate the circuit model elements for a 3-
phase induction motor. To start and test the performance of an
induction motor under full load when it is powered from the
three-phase line by a FVNR (full voltage, non-reversing)
combination starter. To compare the actual performance of a
three-phase induction motor with that predicted by the
circuit model. To start an induction motor, examine variable
speed operation, and perform a full-load test when it is
powered by the AC Test Drive. To obtain the data for the
torque vs. speed and current vs. speed characteristics of the
induction motor using a lab computer program.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

1. The machine is compact and rigid in size.

2. Maintenance is less.
3. It can be used on any place of small grinding
application
4. By varying the pulley diameter the speed of the
abrasive belt to be changed.
DISADVANTAGES
1. The abrasive belt should be changeable one for
different material. This process takes more time.
APPLICATIONS
1. Grinding outside the job in any size of body can be
done.
2. As the feed is given automatic, 0.8 micron finish
may be achieved.
3. By changing the grades of abrasive belt grinding it
can be used to grind the carbon steel, Alloy steel and
stainless steel etc
CONCLUSION
Grinding has traditionally been associated with small
rates of material removal and finishing operations.
However, grinding can also be used for large-scale
metal removal operations similar to milling, shaping,
and planing. In creep-feed grinding, the depth of cut d
is as much as 6mm, and the work piece speed is low.
The wheels are mostly softer grade resin bonded with
open structure to keep temperatures low. Creep-feed
grinding can be economical for specific applications,
such as grinding cavities, grooves, etc.