WOLLO UNIVERSITY

KOMBOLCHA INSTITUTE OF
THECNOLOGY

DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC SCISSOR LIFT

 CHAPTER ONE
Background of Equatorial Business Group P.L.C
* When I start from the name of my hosting company, it is
called “Equatorial Business Group”. Equatorial Business Group
PLC was established in 1993 under the trade name Equatorial
Electronics and Communication PLC in Addis Ababa, in
accordance with the commercial law of Ethiopia. At the time
of its establishment, EEC was engaged in the import and
distribution of electronics, household and office goods and
services. The company was owned by three investors, all of
them are brothers of Sheikh Mohammed Hussein Ali Al-
Amoudin.
* EBG’s business lines are all targeted to major development
sectors like construction, mining, water resources,
agriculture, road and air transport, energy, health and ICT
infrastructures.
* Equatorial Business Group (EBG) is involved in four major
sectors
* Equatorial Business Group (EBG) is involved in four major
sectors:
* Automotive Engineering,
* Energy Systems,
* Telecom and IT
* Pharmaceuticals and medical supplies including veterinary.
• Objectives of Equatorial Business Group
* To provide the products of easy and heavy automobile for sell.
* To provide international maintenance for the Volvo products and
others.
* To import, sale and distribute heavy duty trucks and equipment
and parts of Volvo.
 CHAPTER TWO
OVERALL INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE

* Equatorial Volvo Business (EVB) have two main sections: -

* 1. Sales
* This section is in charge of importing and distributing heavy duty VOLVO trucks and
construction machinery and equipment and supply of spare parts.
* 2. Maintenance
* Under maintenance section there are five sub sections in which Volvo trucks, Odaa buses,
construction machineries such as dozers, excavators, rollers, grader and damper trucks of
Volvo products get annual(service) and corrective maintenance. The following are the
sections found under maintenance;
* 1. Body Workshop
* 2. Basic service Workshop
* 3. Motor Workshop
* 4. Electrical Workshop
* 5. Construction equipment Workshop
* 1.Body Workshop- is where the cars body maintenance takes
place. Basically, the things that are done in body shop are
welding, grinding, painting, drilling and modification of the trucks
part. There are some field automobile cars which sometimes will
be maintained but because light cars maintenance has been
transferred to another place EBG only gives service for trucks and
buses.
* Basic service Workshop- is where basic service of trucks and buses
takes place. Basically, there are two types of service will be given.
Annual service
Basic service  
* 3.Motor Workshop- is the workshop where important parts of the
trucks and buses maintenance takes place. These includes
maintenance of gear box, steering gearbox, differential, engine
parts (cylinder head, oil sump), valve adjustment(clearance), gear
timing, clutch etc. Inside this workshop both annual and basic
service are also given by the mechanics.
* 4.Electrical Workshop- As the name indicates it is a
workshop where every electrical related problem is repaired.
The tasks that are performed under this workshop is mainly
diagnosis of problems on trucks and buses using a special
diagnosis tool. Sometimes when there is a part that has to be
removed from the trucks due to the need for other
maintenance, they remove the parts that are electrical such
as Dashboard. And this workshop also tests the batteries.
Electrical shop is the one responsible for any electrical
related problems. They do basic checks on the car ECU per
regular check or customer request. Calibration of ECU after
major maintenance is also done by this shop.
* 5.Construction Equipment Workshop-is where heavy
vehicles are maintained. Actually, there are only six or seven
construction vehicles but when something is wrong with
them, they are maintained in this workshop. There is also a
fork lift whose maintenance is given here in CEW.
* Our Performance at the company
First day of internship started with our supervisor giving us important safety tips
and warning us not to start any work before wearing mechanic work ware and
safety shoes. After this he explained how the workshop runs. There are 4 basic
divisions;
* basic service,
* body shop,
* central motor,
* and electrical
On the first week one of the mechanic assigned for us showed us how to do
general inspection. This is done by going under the bus/truck and checking for
any leak especially from the differentials and oil pans. He also explained a
little about the bus. It is called Volvo B11R.The B stands for bus and the R for
rear engine while the 11 designates the volume/capacity in liters. He also
introduced us to a thing called job card.
 An Automotive job card is a card related to a specific job. It gives details of
the time taken to do a piece of work and the materials used in the process. The
job card can be used to allocate labor and material cost to a specific job. The
operation number, work station, and customer can be updated in the job card.
* Challenges we have faced while performing our work task
* Technicians were considered us; we are outstanding automotive
professional men.
* Our hand got injured many times because we were not
experienced on handling the tools.
* It takes time to know the mechanics and work efficiently with
them.
• Measurements taken to overcome challenges
 CHAPTER THREE
OVERALL BENEFIT WE GAINED FROM INTERNSHIP

*In terms of upgrading theoretical knowledge


Volvo company have a software called impact which is used as a manual for the repairing or replacing process, for the

special tools to be used and others. This software can only be accessed by Volvo mechanics who has an account and

password. As an intern we got the access of using the impact software. So, most of the theoretical knowledge we gained

were consumed from it. Volvo has so many manufactured trucks and buses such as FH, FM, FMX, FH12, B11R, FH9 and

others. These vehicles have two kinds of gearbox; manual and I-shift gearbox.

*In terms of upgrading practical skill

 The tasks we performed in motor shop are: -

*Work performed- removed and installed filter housing and replaced O-ring. Cause-engine oil filter leakage.
*Work performed-replaced vertical cab shock absorber.
*Cause-damaged shock absorber.
*Work performed-replaced turbo charger.
*Cause-turbocharger leakage.
*Work performed-replaced air cleaner, fan, tensioner with belt, alternator tensioner with belt, and idler pulley.
*Cause-annual service
*In terms of understanding work ethics related
issues
* I learned a lot during our internship period in EBG in terms of
understanding work ethics. Work ethic basically involves having
workplace skills including dedication and responsibility. While
working in EBG we have a strong work ethic because of that we
possess other traits such as dependability, respectfulness,
productivity and collaboration, among others
* Here are key skills that helped us to improve our work ethics:
-
❖ Accountability
❖ Discipline
❖ Humility
❖ Team work and time management
* In terms of entrepreneurship skill
* we have developed the three main skills an entrepreneur must
have which are: -
❖ Technical-includes communication, problem solving,
technology implementation and interpersonal.
❖ Business management-planning and goal setting and
decision making.
❖ Personal entrepreneurial-risk management, innovation
and leadership.
 CHAPTER FORE
BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
DESIGN
* A scissor lift is a vertical lifting device that consists of a platform. The
mechanism incorporated to achieve this function is the use of linked, folding
supports in a crisscross pattern, known as a pantograph. A scissor lift provides
the most economic, dependable and versatile methods of lifting loads, it has a
few moving parts, which may only require lubricated. This lift table raises the
load smoothly to any desired height. This mechanism is incorporated with a
hydraulic cylinder and the top of the scissors is attached a table platform. This
device will make use of the power generated from a hydraulic cylinder to raise
or lower a platform. The scissor lifts can be classified as follows:
1. hydraulic lifts
2. pneumatic lifts and
3. mechanical lifts
* Problem Statement
* One of the most common truck maintenances within EBG is front windshield
replacement. Since most customer use the car to transport car accidents often
occurs, cracking and complete shatter of front windshield is quite common. In
order to completely remove the windshield and replace it the mechanics use a
combination of a special tool and a locally produced tools and they need to
reach the windshield which is on average 2m long. so to reach this height they
use metal barrels which is risky especially for any lateral movement.
* A review of some of that work gives the design and
construction of a hydraulic scissors lift a platform.

Name Description Limitation

UPRIGHT’S SCISSORS Invented by walkce Jonson, ❖ Big

LIFT in 1946 ❖ Costly
❖ Top platform is closed

BOOM LIFT are designed to carry heavy ❖ Needs big engine

equipment and materials ❖ very expensive
from one place to another. ❖ Complex design and
joint parts

MECHANICAL SCISSORS Uses belt and screw ❖ Less duration

LIFT ❖ Less efficiency

HYDRAULIC LIFT is a device for carrying ❖ Max. lifting height

persons and loads from one depends on only stroke of
❖ Direct
floor to another, in a
❖ suspended multi-store building. the cylinder
* BASIC DIMENSIONS OF COMPONENT MEMBER
* Lift extension
- At maximum extension, an “X” arrangement of the lift moves 1m = 1000mm.
- Total number of tiers of scissors (combined) = 2.
- Thus, total height of extension = 2 × 1m = 2m=2000mm.
- Length of base = 1400mm.
- Width of base = 800mm.
* NB the length and the width of the base of the lift is derived from the measurement of the
automotive vehicle dimensions that are preferable for services.
- At maximum extension, Angle of inclination = 50⁰
- At maximum extension, distance between two scissors = 800mm. - Distance moved by sliding foot to
full extension = 400mm.
* Bearings
- Number of ball bearings = 4.
- Bore diameter of ball bearings = 30mm.
- External diameter of ball bearings = 60mm.
- Pivot pin diameter = 14.6mm.
* Top Platform
- Total length = 1500mm.
- Total width of plat form = 920mm
* Jointed Members
- Thickness of rectangular pipe = 4mm.
- Thickness of angle bar = 4mm.
* DESIGN OF BASE AND TOP PLAT FORM
* Mass of the plat form Mp=30kg

* DESIGN OF LEGS

* b=B-t=60-4=56mm
* d=D-t=30-4=26mm
I=-==5.298*
* .σE===
* σE=209.334is less than the yield stress of stainless steel
* (415 ), therefore the material is safe in operation
* 
* DESIGN OF PINS FOR SHARING AND CRUSHING
* Total surface area of pin
* As= 2πr(r + ℎ) =
* = 2π ∗ 0.045(0.045 + 0.06)
* = 2.969× 10−2m2
* So,crushing stress = shear load/total surface area= F
overall/As
* = 7226.36 × 10 ⁄ −5 =
11.352KN/M2
So, crushing stress =Cr = 24.3 M2
KN⁄
* METHOD OF MANUFACTURING
* In the design and construction of the hydraulic scissors lift, the
procedures followed to achieve a positive result are laid down in the
preceding text. But first, a look at the operations and tools involved.  
 
* Operations
1. Marking out
2. Cutting
3. Drilling
4. Joining (welding and bolt and nut)
* Tools
1. Engineers rule 6. Welding machine
2. Citing machin 7. scriber
3. Spanner 8. Hack saw
4. Screw drivers 9. Hand file
5. Electric grinder 10. Drilling machine
 CHAPTER FIVE
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION

CONCLUSIONS
* The design and fabrication of a hydraulic scissor lift by a
hydraulic cylinder was carried out meeting the required design
standards. The hydraulic scissor lift is simple in use and does not
required hard maintenance. Therefore, this design will solve the
problem.
RECOMMENDATIONS
* This device affords plenty of scope for modifications for further
improvements and operational efficiency, which should make it
commercially available and attractive. Hence, its wide
application in industries, hydraulic pressure system, for lifting of
vehicle in garages, maintenance of huge machines, and for
staking purpose. Thus, it is recommended for the engineering
industry and for commercial production.