Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1. Bonded overlays
2. Un-bonded overlay or conventional
whitetopping
BONDED
WHITETOPPING
Bonded overlays are normally used for resurfacing and minor
rehabilitation of the distressed pavements. The thicknesses of these overlays
vary from 50mm (two inches) to 150 mm (six inches). Based on thickness,
these overlays are further divided into two groups, thin and ultrathin.
□ Thin White topping (TWT) – which has PCC overlay between 100 – 200 mm.
It is designed either considering bond between overlay & underlying
bituminous layer or without consideration of bond. High strength concrete
(M 40 or higher) is normally used to take care of flexure requirement. Joints
are at shorter spacing of 0.6 to 1.25 m.
□ Ultra-Thin White topping (UTWT) – which has PCC overlay of less than 100
mm. Bonding between overlay & underlying bituminous layer is mandatory.
To ensure this, the existing layer of bitumen is either milled (to a depth of 25
mm) or surface scrapped (with a non-impact scrapper) or gently chiseled.
Joints are provided at a spacing of 0.6 to 1.25 m.
UNBONDED/CONVENTIONAL
WHITETOPPING
These overlays are generally much thicker than bonded
overlays. The thickness of unbonded whitetopping varies
between 200 mm and 275 mm and is not bonded to the
pavement. Basically, these overlays are constructed as a new
pavement on an existing pavement which acts as a stable
base.
Figure 2a Figure 2b
Figure 3a Figure 3b
Finishing of the surface is mostly achieved by the paver itself. But to achieve
uniform finish, a simple hand operated bull float is used when concrete is still in
its fresh state. After the bull float operation, uniform surface texture is provided
by using steel wire brush.
To avoid evaporation of surface water from concrete surface wax based curing
compound is sprayed. As an additional measure, plastic sheets are spread over
the pavement surface till normal curing process starts.
Contraction joints are provided by cutting groves at a depth of 150 mm
at a spacing of 1.2 m in longitudinal as well as transverse directions. The
joints are cut using electrical grove machines within about 8 to 10 hours
of pouring concrete. These joints are sealed with high quality sealant
(either bitumen or poly sulphides) to prevent moisture and incompressible
infiltration into the overlay system.
Groove cutting in
progress
ADVANTAGES