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UNIT 4 ANALYZING
INFORMATION USING ICT

LESSON 10 FUNCTIONS AND

FORMULAS IN AN ELECTRONIC
SPREAD SHEET TOOL TO PERFORM
ADVANCED CALCULATIONS ON
NUMERICAL DATA

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

Learning Competency TLEIE6-0f-12

Uses functions and formulas in an

electronic spread sheet tool to
perform advanced calculations on
numerical data

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 Objectives

• Define an electronic spread sheet.

• Identify functions and formulas found in Excel.
• Give the symbols of operations used in Excel.
• Use functions and formulas in an electronic spread sheet
tool to perform advanced calculations on numerical data.

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 Let’s be informed
An electronic spread sheet application program is designed to perform basic
mathematical and arithmetic operations. MS Excel is one example of the most
commonly used computerized worksheets. It is widely used in accounting and
financial applications, statistics, statistics, engineering calculations, as well as in
analyzing data.

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 Let’s be informed
Spread sheets are designed with functions and formulas that will make
calculating numerical data easier and convenient for you. Using formulas and
functions will help you increase the accuracy of your calculations while
decreasing the amount of time you need to spend in Excel.

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 Let’s be informed
Functions are calculations that return a result. To create and enter functions,
always start with an equal sign (=). Without it, Excel will not calculate a result.
The inputs in functions are called arguments. Arguments can be in a form of
numbers, cell references, or texts.

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 Let’s be informed
There are hundreds of functions found in Excel. All these can be accessed using
either of the following methods:

Click the Insert Function button-f

from the left side
of formulas tab.
Or use the keyboard short cut
ALT+M+F

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 Let’s be informed
There are hundreds of functions found in Excel. All these can be accessed using
either of the following methods:

There are plenty of pre-set formulas

that you can use in excel

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 Let’s be informed
There are hundreds of functions found in Excel. All these can be accessed using
either of the following methods:

There are plenty of pre-set formulas

that you can use in excel

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 Let’s be informed
There are hundreds of functions found in Excel. All these can be accessed using
either of the following methods:

Let us Choose “STATISTICAL”

Then “AVERAGE”

But first you need to have a data in you excel Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz
 Let’s be informed
There are hundreds of functions found in Excel. All these can be accessed using
either of the following methods:

But first you need to have a data in you excel

Let’s say you are going to get

Your average in your 5 quizzes.

Cell A1 -Title
Cell A2-A6 –Quiz 1 to 5
Cell B2-B6 -Grades in each quizzes
Average will be in Cell B7 Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz
 Let’s be informed
There are hundreds of functions found in Excel. All these can be accessed using
either of the following methods:

If you follow the steps this will show in your screen

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 Let’s be informed
There are hundreds of functions found in Excel. All these can be accessed using
either of the following methods:
If you follow the steps this will show in your screen
If you click OK you will get the average in cell B7

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 Let’s be informed
There are hundreds of functions found in Excel. All these can be accessed using
either of the following methods:
Note:

A,B,C,D,……are the column in your excel

123456789….are the rows in your excel

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 MS Excel Chart
A chart is a visual representation of data in worksheet of the spread sheet
program. It makes it easy to study and interpret data.
Sym b o l O p e ra tio n Exa m p le Pu rp o se
+ Ad d itio n = A1 + B2 It a d d s th e va lu e s
o f c e ll A1 a n d B2
- Su b tra c tio n + A1 – B2 It su b tra c ts th e
va lu e s o f C e ll A1
a n d B2
* Mu ltip lic a tio n = A1 * B2 It m u ltip lie s th e
va lu e s o f c e ll A1
a n d B2
/ Divisio n = A1/ B2 It d ivid e s th e
va lu e s o f c e ll A1
a n d B2

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 MS Excel
There are different categories of functions. Some of which are the following:
• Mathematical. These include mathematical functional such as AVERAGE(),
SUM(), etc.
• Date and Time. These are concerned with the date and time such as
DATEVALUE() that converts dates written in texts to numbers.
• Logical. These are used whether arguments, texts, or values are true or not
depending on the set standard.
• Look up Reference. These functions are used when looking for an entry or
value in the spread sheet.

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 MS Excel
Below are some examples of the commonly used functions:
SUM Th is is u se d to a d d tw o o r m o re n um b e rs to g e th e r. C e ll
re fe re n c e s a re u se d in th is fo rm u la .
Se p a ra te n u m b e rs o r c e ll re fe re n c e s b y c o m m a s th e n it w ill
a u to m a tic a lly b e a d d e d .
Exa m p le = SUM(9, 14) o r = SUM(A1, B3) o r SUM(A@:C 9)
Fo r ra n g e o f c e lls, se p a ra te th e m w ith a c o lo n .
Exa m p le : = SUM(A2:C 9)
AVERAG E Th is is u se d to c a lc ula te a ve ra g e o f a se rie s o f n u m b e rs.
Exa m p le = AVERAG E(A1:A10)
C O UNT Th is is u se d to c o u n t th e n um b e r o f c e lls in a ra n g e th a t h a ve
n u m b e rs in th e m . Fo r in sta n c e , if th e re a re five c e lls th a t c o n ta in
n u m b e rs in A1 to A 15, th e n th e re su lt is 5.
Exa m p le = C O UNT(A1:A15)
C O UNT Th is is u se d to c o u n t th e n um b e r o f c e lls th a t h a ve n u m b e rs
a n d / o r a n y o th e r c h a ra c te rs in th e m . It w o rks w ith a ll d a ta typ e s.
LEA Th is is u se d to re tu rn th e le n g th o r a strin g o r a n e n try.
Exa m p le = LEN(e n tre p re n e u rsh ip ) is 16

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 MS Excel

Formulas, on the other hand, are combinations of functions, operands, and

operators. These are used when you are manually calculating. For example, you
could put your hanging organizer budget into a formula like this:
Remaining cash = total cost of materials – labor
Input the formula in Excel:
= 82-30, then press Enter. The answer is 52, which is the remaining cash for your
hanging organizer project.

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 Let’s Answer

1. What is an electronic spread sheet application

program?
2. Differentiate functions from formulas.
3. Explain the different categories of functions.
4. Give examples of commonly used functions.

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 Let’s Remember
• The electronic spread sheet software is used to create and
produce calculated data needed by individuals and businesses.
• The spread sheet is designed with functions and formulas that
will make calculating numerical data easier and convenient for
you.
• An Excel functions always begins with an equal (=) sign.
Formulas on the other hand, are used like when you are manually
calculating.

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 Let’s Do Together
A. Create an Excel file for the expenses below. Using the formulas and functions
discussed calculate the following:
1. = SUM (total cost of ingredients used)
2. = COUNT (total number of materials used)
Ma rke ting Exp e nse s
Bud g e t
Allo w a n c e 700.00
Ite m Bo ug ht Qua ntity Co st/ Unit To ta l
C h ic ke n 1 ½ kg 150/ kg
Tila p ia 1 kg 140/ kg
Asso rte d ½ kg 120/ kg
Ve g e ta b le s
G a rlic ¼ kg 80/ kg
Eg g s 1/ 2 6.50.00/ e a c h
To ta l
Exp e n se s
Ba la n c e (Allo w a n c e
Exp e n se s m in us To ta l
Exp e n se s

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 Let’s Do Together
B. Write True on the line if the statement is correct and False if it is not.
_________ 1. The COUNT is used to calculate the number of cells in a range that have
numbers in them.
_________ 2. There are only four functions in MS Excel.
_________ 3. The LEN formula counts the number of characters in a cell.
_________ 4. Functions are combinations of functions, operands, and operators.
_________ 5. Average is used to add two or more numbers together.
_________ 6. Formulas always start with an equal sign.
_________ 7. Without an equal sign, Excel will not calculate a result.

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz

 Assignment
Compute the total sales of a fast food store using MS Excel

Fa st Fo o d
Sa le s fo r th e Th ird Q u a rte r
Ite m Ap ril Ma y Ju n e To ta l
Ha m b u rg e r 49,000.00 31, 600.00 54,000.00
C h ic ke n 34,000.00 43,700.00 23,000.00
Sa n d w ic h
Eg g Sa n d w ic h 39,450.00 25,000.00 31,900.00
Frie s 23,000.00 32,000.00 35,000.00
So ftd rin ks 16,800.00 24,000.00 33,800.00

Cherrie Ann A. Dela Cruz