WATER

EFFORTS DONE BY NAMAN JAIN

 Water is a precious natural
resource. All living things need water
On average, an individual uses 600 to
for their survival. We cannot imagine
700 litres in a day. We all can live
life without water. Let it be animals
without food for days together but
or plants they require water to
cannot even imagine surviving without
complete their daily metabolic
water, even plants become dry and
activities. Plants require water to
shed their leaves without water.
synthesize their food from the
process of photosynthesis.
 • Water is one of the natural resources, which are found
in an adequate amount. It is an essential source for the
existence of life on the planet earth. It is widely used
for various purposes such as drinking, washing, bathing,
cleaning, cooking, irrigation,
Click to add textand other industrial and

domestic uses.

WHAT IS WATER
 About 97% of the water on the Earth’s surface
is covered with water. The three main sources
of water are:

Rainwater.
SOURCES OF
WATER
Groundwater – This includes water bodies like
Wells and Springs.

Surface water – This includes different water

bodies like Sea, Oceans, Reservoirs, Rivers,
Streams, Ponds, Lakes and Tanks.
 We all need water for different daily activities including:

Domestic Purposes include bathing, cleaning, cooking, drinking, and

washing.
Agricultural applications include irrigation, farming, gardening, and frost
control.
Other Industrial Applications.

IMPORTANCE Apart from this, we drink water to:

OF WATER Stay hydrated

Lubricate Joints

Regulate the body’s temperature

Transport nutrients and other waste in the body.

Balance the loss of water from the digestive tract and body tissues.
 WATER CYCLE

Water never stops moving. The water cycle describes the process of the movement
of water from the surface of the earth  The entire cycle is controlled by the sun and
is also known as the hydrological cycle

Evaporation:  the heat from the sun heats up the water from oceans and other water
bodies and evaporates the water in the form of vapours which rises up and form
clouds.

Condensation: The water vapour’s in the clouds cools down.

 About 97% of the
water on the Earth’s
surface is covered with
Precipitation: The
water. Only 2 to 3% is
cooled water vapours in
Collection: The available and safe This is the reason, we
the clouds form
rainwater runs off to for drinking. Rest of all need to reduce
droplets and released in
the ground and gets the water is saltwater wasting this natural
the form of
collected into the river, and other two-thirds of resource and conserve
Precipitation back to
ponds, well, and back to the Earth’s freshwater water for future
the earth surface in
the sea. is frozen in glaciers and requirements.
the form of rain
these water
or snow.
resources are mostly
inaccessible for
human use.
  It has become necessary in all areas because
natural resources are reducing along with the
increasing population and their usages.

WHY DO WE Some important and easy ways for the

NEED TO conservation of water
CONSERVE
WA T E R ? Keeping the tap closed when not in use.

Check for the openings or leaks in water

distribution pipes.
 MAKE SURE TO USE ALWAYS HAVE A DO NOT RUN MORE DO NOT PROLONG YOUR RAINWATER
COLLECTED RAINWATER MEASURE OF HOW MANY WATER THAN BATHING. GO FOR A HARVESTING IS ONE OF
FOR GARDENING OR BUCKETS OF WATER IS NECESSARY WHILE QUICK SHOWER RATHER THE BEST METHOD USED
WASHING PURPOSE.​ WASTED IN A DAY AND WASHING AND THAN WASTING FOR CONSERVING
TRY TO REDUCE.​ CLEANING CLOTHES, BUCKETS OF WATER​ WATER. THERE
UTENSILS, ETC.​ ARE DIFFERENT
METHODS USED TO
PRESERVE RAINWATER
INSTEAD OF GETTING
• . IT WASTED.​
 Farmers can also contribute to this of
by using Drip irrigation system in their
fields. This is a type
These were a few information on how
of irrigation system which can be
can we Conserve Water, and some
practised by all framers to save water.
preventive measures are taken to
In this system, water is directly
Conserve Water.
supplied to the plant roots and prevents
water from being wasted by
evaporation.
Rainwater harvesting is the simple
process or technology used to
conserve rainwater by collecting,
storing, conveying and purifying
of rainwater that runs off from
rooftops, parks, roads, open grounds,
etc. for later use.

RAINWATER HARVESTING DIAGRAM

 Rainwater harvesting systems consists of
the following :

HOW TO Catchment- Used to collect and store the

HARVEST captured rainwater.
THE
Conveyance system – It is used to
RAINWATER? transport the harvested water from the
catchment to the recharge zone.

Flush- It is used to flush out the first

spell of rain.
Filter – Used for filtering the collected rainwater and removing pollutants.

Tanks and the recharge structures: Used to store the filtered water which is
ready to use.

The process of rainwater harvesting involves the collection and the storage of
rainwater with the help of artificially designed systems that run off naturally or
man-made catchment areas like- the rooftop, compounds, rock surface,
hill slopes, artificially repaired impervious or semi-pervious land surface.
A D VA N T A G E S O F R A I N W A T E R
HARVESTING

The benefits of
the rainwater Helps in reducing
Less cost.
harvesting system the water bill.
are 

Reduces the need Promotes both

Decreases the
for imported water and energy
demand for water.
water. conservation.
 Does not require a filtration This technology is relatively
Improves the quality and
system for landscape simple, easy to install and
quantity of groundwater.
irrigation. operate.
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It reduces soil
It is an excellent source of
erosion, stormwater runoff,
water for landscape
flooding, and pollution of
irrigation with no chemicals,
surface water with
dissolved salts and free
fertilizers, pesticides and
from all minerals.
other sediments.
• In addition to the great advantages, the rainwater harvesting system has a few disadvantages like
unpredictable rainfall, unavailability of the proper storage system, etc.
• Listed below are a few more disadvantages of the rainwater harvesting process.
• Regular maintenance is required.
• Requires some technical skills for installation.
• Limited and no rainfall can limit the supply of rainwater.

• If not installed correctly, it may attract mosquitoes and other waterborne diseases.
• One of the significant drawbacks of the rainwater harvesting system is storage limits.

DISADVANTAGES OF
RAINWATER HARVESTING