ORGAN

SYSTEMS
CAN YOU IDENTIFY
THE FOLLOWING
ORGANS
HEART
DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
LUNGS
KIDNEYS
DIGESTIVE

SYSTEM
COMPLEX FOOD SUBSTANCES
 SIMPLE MOLECULES

CARBOHYDRATES→GLUCOS
E

PROTEINS →AMINO ACIDS

FATS→GLYCEROL AND
THE PROCESS OF CONVERSION
OF COMPLEX FOOD
MOLECULES INTO SIMPLER
MOLECULES IS CALLED
DIGESTION.
 DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

DIGESTIVE TRACT DIGESTIVE GLANDS

 DIGESTIVE TRACT

OR

ALIMENTARY CANAL
• Coiled muscular tube
extending from the mouth to
anus.

• About 9 meters long and

consist of many specialized
divisions.
 MOUTH
BUCCAL CAVITY
PHARYNX
ESOPHAGUS
STOMACH
SMALL INTESTINE
LARGE INTESINE
ANUS
DIGESTIVE

GLANDS
 DIGESTIVE GLANDS
SALIVARY GLAND

PANCREAS

LIVER
SALIVAR
Y

GLAND
 SALIVARY GLAND
• SECRETES SALIVA WHICH MOISTENS THE
FOOD.

• IT ALSO CONTAINS ENZYMES WHICH BREAKS

DOWN CARBOHYDRATE TO SIMPLE STARCH.
 THREE
PAIRS
OF
SALIVARY
GLAND
PANCREAS
PANCREAS PRODUCES
PANCREATIC JUICE
WHICH CONTAINS
DIGESTIVE ENZYMES
FOR DIGESTING FATS,
PROTEINS AND
CARBOHYDRATES.
LIVER
LIVER PRODUCES BILE FOR THE
DIGESTION OF FAT
 DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
THE PROCESS OF CONVERSION OF COMPLEX FOOD
SUBSTANCES INTO SIMPLER MOLECULES IS CALLED
DIGESTION.

DIGESTIVE TRACT
DIGESTIVE GLANDS

MOUTH
SALIVARY GLAND
BUCCAL CAVITY

PHARYNX
PANCREAS
ESOPHAGUS

STOMACH
LIVER
SMALL INTESTINE

LARGE INTENSTINE

ANUS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
1. Airway
2. Lungs
3. Muscles of respiration
 MUSCLES OF RESPIRATION
• Diaphragm and intercoastal muscles
• Help to push the air in and out of the lungs
during breathing.
 AIRWAY
• A) Nasal Cavity
• B) Larynx
• C) Trachea
• D) Bronchi
• E) Bronchioles

• Carries air between the lungs and the

surrounding.
 The Lungs
• Primary organ of respiration.
• Paired and cone shaped.
• Located in the thoracic chamber (rib cage) on
either side of the heart.
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
 Circulatory system consists of
• HEART

• BLOOD VESSELS

• BLOOD
 HEART
• HOLLOW, MUSCULAR ORGAN
• CONICAL SHAPE
• PERICARDIUM- DOUBLE WALLED MEMBRANE
• PERICARDIAL FLIUD- FILLED INBETWEEN THE
PERICARDIUM
• TO PROTECT IT FROM SHOCK
• LOCATED IN THE THORACIC REGION IN
BETWEEN THE LUNGS
Internal Structure of Heart
• Heart is divides into four chambers
• Two upper chambers – artia (atrium ) or
auricles
• Two lower chambers – ventricles
• Auriculo-Ventricular septum (muscular wall)
separates the upper and lower chamber of the
heart.
• The right side of the heart receives
deoxygenated blood from various parts of the
body and pumps it to the lungs for
oxygenation.

• The left side of the heat receives oxygenated

blood from the lungs abd pumps it into
different parts of the body.
 Blood Vessels
• Arteries
• Veins
• Capillaries
• Arteries carry oxygenated blood (except
pulmonary artery)

• Veins carry deoxygenated blood (except

pulmonary vein)

• Capillaries are thin blood vessels which

connect the arteries and veins. They help in
exchange of materials between the circulatory
system and body tissue.
 Blood
• Transports nutrients, oxygen, wastes and
hormones.
• Volume of blood in an adult is 4-5 litres.
• Regulates water level and the body
temperature.
• Blood is pumped throughout the body by heart.
• It takes oxygen to tissues and cells and reaches
the lungs to take oxygen again.
Excretory system
• KIDNEYS

• URETERS

• URINARY BLADDER
KIDNEYS
• PAIR OF DARK RED BEAN SHAPED ORGAN

• BEHIND THE ABDOMEN ON EIHER SIDE OF

THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN

• LENGTH 12CM, WIDTH 6CM, AND THICKNESS

3CM.

• RIGHT KIDNEY IS SLIGHTLY LOWER THAN THE

LEFT KIDNEY
• COVERED BY A FIBROUS MEMBRANE CALLED
CASULE

• MADE UP OF MILLIONS OF EXCRETORY UNITS

CALLED NEPRONS-STRUCTURAL AND
FUNCTIONAL UNITS OF KIDNEY
 URETERS
• TWO URETERS CONNECT THE KIDNEYS WITH
THE URINARY BLADDER.

• URINE REACHES THE URINARY BLADDER

THROUGH URETERS.
 URINARY BLADDER
• SAC-LIKE IN SHAPE AND ACTS AS A TEMPORARY
STORAGE ORGAN OF URINE.

• URINE ENTERING THE URINARY BLADDER FROM

THE URETERS SLOWLY FILL THE HOLLOW SPACE
INSIDE BLADDER.

• URINE IS EXPELLED FROM THE BODY THROUGH

THE URETHRA.
NERVOUS SYSTEM