Action TOPIC:

Research
ACTION RESERACH
PRESENTERS:
AQSA EJAZ BUTT
RUTABA YAQOOB
INSTRUCTOR:
DR.TAHIRA
KALSOOM
ACTION RESEARCH
Made up of two words Action (learning by doing) and
Research
Action research is the process through which teachers;
• try out new strategies
• new programme
• new curriculum
• new policy
• new plan
YOU SHOULD CONDUCT ACTION
RESEARCH? WHY?
• Action research is a meaningful way for a teacher to find out why
students perform the way they do.
• Simply, action research describes a research methodology used to
diagnose and address problems(whether organizational, academic or
instructional ).
• In a school setting, the teacher plays the role of the researcher, and the
students represent the study participants
ACTION RESEARCH USED BY:
"Action research is a research used by teachers,
supervisors and administrators to improve the
quality of their decision and action".(According to
Good)
HISTORY OF ACTION RESEARCH
• First coined by Kurt Lwin in 1934:
Kurt Lewin was a German-American psychologist, known as one
of the modern pioneers of social, organizational, and applied
psychology in the United States
According to Kurt Lewin, it will bring about positive change and
secondly knowledge and theory will be generated.
Proposed that research should be cyclical rather than linear
According to Kurt Lewin;
“Research conducted specifically within the context in which the
problem existed was the key to arriving at a solution.”
STEPHEN M. COREY (1951):
“Action research is a process for
studying problems by
practitioners scientifically to take
decision for improving their
current practices.”
SOME IMPORTANT POINTS
• address local-level problems
• finding immediate answers to questions or
solutions to those problems
• reflection is an itegral part of the Action
Research.
• flexibility (fast process, no rigidity)
ACTION RESERACH MODEL
• Stephen Kemmis has if required if required
developed a simple model of revised
plan plan cycle 3
the cycical nature of the
typical Action Research
process, that consists of four reflect act reflect act
steps such as;
• planning
observe observe
• acting
• observing
cycle 1 cycle 2
• reflecting
STEPS OF ACTION RESEARCH
identification of the
prroblem

Defining and
Conclusion of
delimiting the
Action
problem

Analyzing cause of
the problem

Design for testing

hypothesis Formulating the
action hypothesis
ACTION RESERACH CYCLE
1. Identifying the problem

• The problem should be need based.

• Problem must be specific.
• for example
math students are having difficulties in understanding maths lecture
given by the teacher in a classroom
ACTION RESEARCH CYCLE
2. Defining and Delimiting the problem
• Sate the problem clearly.
• Specify class, subject, population(whole school) etc.
for example
8th class’ students do not study well in Maths period.
ACTION RESEARCH CYCLE
3. Analyzing causes of the problem
Different list of causes:
(it can be any problem due to which students are not concentrating)
•The teacher is not teaching well
•Students get bored
•Teacher’s behaviour with students is not good
•Teacher’s grip on his/her lecture(maths) is not good
•There is one particulor group of students who disturbs the whole class
note: Success of any action research depends upon the correct diagnosis
of the causes.
ACTION RESEARCH CYCLE
4. Formulating the Action Hypothesis
• From the probable causes most relevant to the problem and situation
are selected. These will form the Action Hypothesis.
• There will be one or more hypothesis depending upon the nature of the
problem.
Researcher can take the information through;
• interviews
• questionnairs, etc.
ACTION RESEARCH CYCLE
5. Design for testing the Action Hypothesis
What will be the design?
Design can be:
Chna ge the period timings and content will remain the dame
e.g;
we can say that teacher will change the timings of maths class
It was on the 8th period so we can replace it with the 2nd
period
ACTION RESEARCH CYCLE

6. Conclusion of Action
At the end of the research teacher will come to know
that the problem is solved.

fail or success
TYPES OF ACTION RESEARCH

• Individual Research
• Collaborative
Research
• School-Wide
Research
INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH
• Individual action research is a research conducted by one teacher
or staff member. This type of research is conducted to analyze a
specific task.
• for example;
A teacher may wonder if implementing group activities within an
English class will help improve learning. The teacher alone
performs research by implementing a group activity for a certain
length of time.
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH
• With collaborative research,
more than one person is
involved in the implementation
of the new program. Typically,
a group of students, larger than
just one class, are tested, and
the results are analyzed.
• Many times collaborative
research involves both teachers
and the principal of the school.
SCHOOL-WIDE RESEARCH
• When a program is researched
for an entire school, it is called
school-wide action research
• The entire staff works together
through this research to study the
problem, implement changes,
and correct the problem or
increase performance.
ADVANTAGES OF ACTION RESEARCH
• It allows the researcher to work on a problem
• it empowers participants(students)
• enables change
• creates opportunities for organisational learning.
• Action research helps teachers focus on one aspect of their
practice they would like to improve.
DISADVANTAGES OF AR
• results based on small sample sizes
• so hard to generalize to larger samples or population
• lack of time
• lack of validity
CONCLUSION
• Action research is important for teachers to
observe and reflect their process of teaching.
Moreover, for the students it can make their
motivation increased because the learning
process always changes by the time and can help
them away from being bored in the classroom.
REFERENCES
• https://www.iier.org.au/iier23/hine.pdf
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
270647700_Action_Research_in_Language_Learning
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=qYZUCujR6Xc&list=WL&index=1
• https://teachingenglish4all.wordpress.com/2010/06/29/the-design-of-
classroom-action-research-in-teaching-english-research/