Watershed

Co-management
and Planning
Angelito B. Villanueva
OIC, PENR Officer
DENR, Province of Samar
Land area drained by a
stream or fixed body of
water and its tributaries
having a common outlet
for surface runoff (PD
705)
What is a Watershed is a topographically
Watershed? delineated area of land from which
rainwater can drain as surface run-off
through specific streams and rivers to a
common outlet and discharges into a
larger river, lake or the sea. It consist a
line joining the highest elevation
around the topographic boundary.

Watersheds vary in sizes and often

extend over the boundaries of one or
more political administrative units.
 Type Aerial Extent Administrative Coverage
Watershed River Basin Over 1000 Boundaries within 3 or
Management km2 more provinces and two or
more regions
Typology?
Large 500-1000 Boundaries within 3 or
watershed km2 more provinces and at least
one but not more than 2
regions
Medium 100-500 km2 Boundaries within at least
watershed one but not more than 2
provinces
Small 10-100 km2 Within 1 province and
Watershed include land occurring
within one or more
municipalities
Micro Under 10 km2 Within 1 municipality and
Watershed include land occurring
within 1 or at most to
barangays.
 Situationer (Philippine Setting)
• The Philippines has a total land area of • Out of these watershed areas, 127 are
30 million hectares of which 70% can proclaimed watersheds and intended to be
be considered as watershed areas. managed and protected.

• These watersheds comprise about 419 • However, these were heavily encroached
principal river basins with drainage and subjected to various types of
areas of approximately 21 million cultivation. Consequently, 90% of these
hectares. proclaimed watersheds were categorized as
hydrologically critical, characterized by
• The most important river basins degraded biophysical conditions and have
constitute the Agno and Cagayan become risks to downstream infrastructure.
River Basins in Northern Luzon,
Pampanga River Basin in Central
Luzon, Ilog-Hilabangan in Visayas,
and the Cotabato and Agusan River
Basins in Mindanao.
Watershed Condition
Critical watershed is a drainage area of a river system which supplies the
major water requirements of several irrigation systems, hydroelectric dams and
domestic, as well as industrial water systems or existing water facilities needing
immediate protection and rehabilitation.

Marginal and Degraded Watershed is characterized by degraded

forests, soil erosion, erratic streamflow, declining groundwater resources, loss
of biodiversity, declining land productivity, sedimentation in rivers and lakes,
siltation, flooding, reduced quantity and quality of water, and microclimatic
deterioration.
Rehabilitation Protocol for Marginal and Degraded Watersheds

• STEP 1: Watershed Characterization

• STEP 2: Vulnerability Assessment
• STEP 3: Integrated Watershed Management Planning (IWMP)
• STEP 4: Project Planning and Design
• STEP 5: Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation
 Watershed “Ridge-to-Reef” Management Approach

Rainfall

FOREST/UPLAND
ECOSYSTEM

LOWLAND AGRI
ECOSYSTEM
`

URBAN
ECOSYSTEM
COASTAL & MARINE +
ECOSYSTEM

FRESHWATER/INLAND
ECOSYSTEM
`
 FOREST
ECOSYSTE
M
Habitats

• Lowland tropical
rainforests
• Forest over limestone
• Old growth
• Second growth
Agriculture Ecosystem
Urban Ecosystem
Marine Ecosystem
 FRESHWATER/INLAND
ECOSYSTEM

CAVES

• River systems
• Springs
• Waterfalls
Land Area of Pambujan Watershed by Municipality/City
1,156

11,259
12,184
535
203
330
78
2,056

5,697
5,212

19,824

Catubig Pambujan San Roque Silvino Lobos Mondragon Matuginao

Laoang Gandara Las Navas Sta Margarita Calbayog City
CO-MANAGEMENT LEGAL BASIS:

1. Presidential Decree No. 705, otherwise known as the " Revised Forestry Code of the
Philippines" as amended, Executive Order No. 318, otherwise known as Promoting
Sustainable Forest Management in the Philippines;

2. DENR Administrative Order No. 2005- 23, entitled "Adoption and Implementation of
Collaborative Approach to Watershed Management“;

3. DENR Administrative Order No. 99- 01 entitled "Adoption of Watershed and Ecosystems
Planning Framework", and

4. Joint DENR Memorandum Circular No. 2003-01 entitled "Strengthening and Institutionalizing
DENR-DILG-LGU Partnership on Devolved and other Forest Management Functions“,

5. Sec. 447 (a) (5) (i) of R.A. 7160, mandating the Sangguniang Bayan to provide for the
establishment, maintenance, protection and conservation of watersheds in their respective
areas as sources of water supply.
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT

Tap the stakeholders in the implementation of programs and projects

and their share in the responsibility of protecting and managing the
Pambujan watershed.

• Create Bantayan Watershed Management Council (BWMC).

 
• Strengthen the capability of BWMC members and various
stakeholders for the realization of the integrated watershed
management plan.
 
• Create a Watershed Management Office (WMO)
BWMC
Thank you
Co-Management Organizational Structure
Chairperson:
WATERSHED MGT Vice Chairperson:
COUNCIL Members:

Leader:
TECHNICAL
Asst. Leader:
WORKING
Members:
GROUP

Leader:
PROJECT
Asst. Leader:
IMPLEMENTATION
Members:
GROUPS/TEAMS
 Co-Management Organizational Structure
Leader:
PROJECT
Asst. Leader:
IMPLEMENTATION
Members:
GROUPS/TEAMS

Barangay Barangay Barangay Barangay

Forest Protection Fishery Resources Infrastructure Settlement
& Management Management Management Management

Barangay Barangay Barangay Barangay

Conservation Area Health and Information and Project Monitoring
Management Sanitation Education & Evaluation
Policy Framework
• There is no law that specifically provides co-management arrangement in the
country;

• RA 7160 has empowered LGUs to carry out mandates previously assigned to DENR,
DA, among others, provides the need for consultations with POs, NGOs and other
concerned sectors for any proposed program or project. It also specifies the
participation of the private sector in the delivery of basic services as an alternative
strategy for sustainable development;

• EO 15, series of 1992 articulates the action taken by the Philippine government
pursuant to its commitment to the Global Agenda 21;

• EO 263 (1995) provides the adoption of community-based forest management as the

national strategy to ensure sustainable development of the country’s forest lands.
Policy Framework
DENR administrative Order 92-30 has provided the following as devolved to LGUs: forest
management, protected areas and wild life management; land management, and mines
development:

• Also devolved are the management and control of communal forests with an area not
exceeding 50 square kilometers or 5,000 hectares;

• Management, protection, rehabilitation and maintenance of small watershed areas that are
sources of local water supply; and

• Enforcement of forest laws in community-based forestry projects, small watershed areas

and communal forests, including the apprehension of violators of forests laws, and the
confiscation of illegally extracted forest products on site.
Co-Management Institutions/Players
• PLGU
• MLGU
• DENR-PENRO
• DENR-CENRO
• DA
• NIA
• NEDA Regional Development Council
• President People’s Organization
• DE DPWH 2nd District
• PARO
• PAWD
Co-Management Institutional Arrangement
Players Roles and Functions
PLGU
MLGU
BLGU
DENR
DA
BFAR
NGOs
POs
BUSINESS SECTOR
Incentives for Cooperation
1.Project priorities (E-NGP, CBFM Projects, etc.)
2.Capacity building (Cross visits or field exposures)
3.Empowerment
4.Livelihood development