Professional Documents
Culture Documents
• The book illustrations are on the slides, but to keep the number of
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new slide, then copy and paste from the Speaker’s Notes.
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Chapter
1
Foundations of
Information Systems in Business
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Learning Objectives
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Learning Objectives
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Learning Objectives
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Competitive Advantage
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Trends in Information Systems
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What is E-Business?
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How E-Business is Being Used
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E-Business Use
• Reengineering
– Internal business processes
• Enterprise collaboration systems
– Support teams and work groups
• Electronic commerce
– Buying, selling, marketing, and servicing of
products and services over networks
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Types of Information Systems
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Information systems combine:
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Types of Management Support Systems
• Expert Systems
– Example: credit application advisor
• Knowledge Management Systems
– Support creation, organization, and dissemination
of business knowledge Example: intranet access
to best business practices
• Strategic Information Systems
– Help get a strategic advantage over customer
– Examples: shipment tracking, e-commerce Web
systems
• Functional Business Systems
– Focus on operational and managerial applications
Examples: accounting, finance, or marketing 1-15
IT Challenges and Opportunities
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Responsibility and Accountability
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Agile Systems Development at Con-Way, Inc.
• Old system
– Months long design stage
– Months or years to develop
– Some projects never completed
• Agile System
– Small segments with one month deadlines
– Interaction between staff and IT
– Feedback from each segment drives the next
– Faster overall completion and less waste
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Developing IS Solutions
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Challenges and Ethics of IT
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Hannaford – Securing Customer Data
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IT Careers
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IT Careers
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IT Careers
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The IS Function
• Major functional area of business
• Important contributor to
– Efficiency, productivity, morale, customer service
and satisfaction
• Major source of information for decisions
• Vital ingredient in developing competitive
products and services
• Dynamic and challenging career opportunity
• Key component of networked business
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System Concepts help us understand…
• Technology
– Hardware, software, data management,
telecommunications networks
• Applications
– Programs to support inter-connected systems
• Development
– Developing ways to use information technology
• Management
– Emphasizes the quality, strategic business value,
and security of an organization’s information
systems
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What is a System?
• Interrelated components
• Defined boundary
• Working together
• Common objectives
• Accepting inputs and producing outputs
• Organized transformation process
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RWC 2: Innovating with IT
• New York Times
– Newspaper industry in trouble
– Elevated IT-enabled innovation
• BlackBerry applications
• On-screen reading system
• Boston Scientific
– Open sharing of engineering data
– Tighter control near patent application stage
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Basic Functions of a System
• Basic Functions
– Input
– Processing
– Output
• Cybernetic System
– Feedback
– Control
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A Cybernetic System
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A Business as a System
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Information System Resources
• People Resources
– Specialists
– End users
• Hardware Resources
– Machines
– Media
• Software Resources
– Programs
– Procedures
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Information System Resources
• Data Resources
– Product descriptions, customer records,
employee files, inventory databases
• Network Resources
– Communications media, communications
processors, network access and control
software
• Information Products
– Management reports and business documents
using text and graphics displays, audio
responses, and paper forms
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IS Activities
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RWC 3: Role of Information Technology
• Sew What?
– Provides custom theatrical draperies and fabrics
worldwide
– Revenue growing more than 45% per year
– Recognized for innovative use of technology to
improve its customers’ experience
• Intuit’s Quick-Books Enterprise Solutions
• Dell PowerEdge servers
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RWC 4: Critical Importance of IT Processes
• Jet Blue
– Good IT processes are as important as
hardware and software
– Smaller and less critical processes have large
ramifications
– Crisis in 2007
• Information system developed in 24 hours
• Implemented as a full-time system in the company
• Veterans Administration
– System failure took down key applications
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